中山大学国际商学院市场营销重点名词参考整理.doc
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给大家列下比较重要的名词术语,仅供参考。蓝色部分(颜色亮瞎别怪我= =,助教给的都是黑的= =我总不能用红色喧宾夺主吧)是我加的,PPT上有definition的是粗体蓝色,不是的就是PPT上其它定义~~ 其实复习名词就是为选择做准备~~ 所以信助教= =就看黑的就好~避免亮瞎。啦啦啦 营销(书上p6,PPT第一章3页~) 既是一种组织职能,也是为了组织自身及利益相关者的利益而创造、传播、传递顾客价值,管理顾客关系的一系列过程。 Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, delivering value to customers, and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. 营销管理(同上,PPT后一页) 选择目标市场并通过创造、传播、和传递更高的顾客价值来获得、保持和增加顾客的一门艺术和科学。 Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value 营销者(书上p9,PPT一章,7页) 是指从被称作预期客户(prospect)的另一方寻求响应(注意、购买、选票、捐赠)的人 A Marketer is someone who seek a response( attention, apurchase, a vote ,a donation ) from another party, called the prospects. 市场(注意和经济学上“市场”的区别)(书上p9,PPT第一章第10页) 传统定义:买房和卖方聚集在一起进行交换的物理场所。 Traditional definition:physical place where buys and sellers gather to buy and sell goods. 经济学定义:对特定产品或产品种类进行交易的买房和卖方的集合(例如房屋市场或谷物市场) Economist’s Description:a collection of buyers and sellers who transact over a particular product or product class. 实际定义: Definition: set of actual and potential buyers of a product. marketers seek buyers that are profitable. 营销环境(主要是第三章介绍,第一章简介)(书上p17,PPT第一章上没有具体定义19~20页有图) 第一章:书上写着。 营销环境包括任务环境和大环境。 任务环境(task environment)包括产品生产过程、分销过程、和促销过程的直接参与者,如公司、供应商、分销商、经销商和目标客户。 大环境(broad environment)包括六个方面:人文环境、经济环境、自然环境、技术环境、政治-法律环境、社会文化环境。 第三章:(PPT第三章第四页) 称大环境为宏观环境。任务环境为微观~ Marketing Environment:The actors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationships with target customers。 关于宏观环境那六个(自己去翻书吧= =,PPT第三章全在讲这个) 转型营销(就是倒数第二章的整章核心名词)(p19,PPT一章26页) 是指营销管理顺应变化的整体性提升,调整自身状态不断提升其营销阶段,以实现营销管理更高的效能(effectiveness)和效率(efficiency)。 Transformation marketing emphasizes that marketing management should conform and adapt to changes of environment, so as to realize gradual upgrades and to achieve more effectiveness and more efficiency. Strategic Planning Defined:(战略规划PPT2章6页) • The process of developing and maintaining a strategic fit between the organization’s goals and capabilities and its changing marketing opportunities 战略业务单位(SBUS)(p37,PPT2章11页) SBUs is a unit of the company that has a separate mission and objectives and that can be planned independently from other company businesses. 营销信息系统(p42,PPT2章19页) 由人员设备和程序组成,为营销决策者收集挑选分析评估和分配所需的及时而准确的信息。 A marketing information system consists of people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision makers. 顾客感知价值Customer Perceived Value(CPV) (书上p90,PPT上第四章第7页) 是潜在顾客对产品及其已知的替代品的所有利益与所有成本评价的差额。 The customer’s evaluation of the difference between benefits (tangible and intangible) and costs/The difference between total customer value and total customer cost, or “profit” to the customer (e.g. it can be seen as a combination of quality, service and price). 满意度(书p93,PPT四章12页) 是指一个人通过将一种产品的可感知效果(或结果)与其期望值相比之后所形成的愉悦或失望的感觉状态。 Satisfaction is a person’s feelings of pleasure or disappointment resulting from comparing a product’s perceived performance (or outcome) in relation to his or her expectations. 质量(同上,PPT后几页) 就是一项产品或服务有能力满足明确的或隐含的欲望的各种属性和特征的总和。 Quality is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. 全面质量管理(TQM)(同~) 是一种使组织所有过程、产品和服务不断提高质量的遍及整个组织的方法。 Total quality management (TQM) is an organization-wide approach to continuously improving the quality of all the organization’s processes, products, and services. 顾客关系管理(CRM)(p98,PPT4章20页) 中文解释书上很笼统 这是指管理每位顾客的详细信息,并小心管理所有顾客的“接触点”来最大化顾客忠诚度。 Customer relationship management (CRM) is the overall process of building and maintaining profitable customer relationships by delivering superior customer value and satisfaction. It deals with all aspects of acquiring, keeping and growing customers. 顾客终身价值(p104,PPT4章32页)(和102页的顾客资产的中文定义很像) 描述了顾客寿命期内预期购买产生的未来利润的净现值。 Customer Lifetime Value is the net present value of the stream of future profits expected over the customer’s lifetime purchases. 消费者购买行为(Consumer buyer behavior)(书上p116解释了消费者行为学) Consumer buyer behavior refers to the buying behavior of final consumers – individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumption 马斯洛需求层次理论(Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs)(p124,PPT05-1,11页) 人的需求是按层次排列的,从最迫切的需求到最不迫切的需求。按照重要程度排列的这五种需求分别是生理需求(physiological needs),安全需求(safety),社会需求(social),尊重需求(esteem),自我实现需求(self-actualization)。 企业市场(B2B)(PPT05-2的3页~) The business market consists of all the organizations that acquire goods and services used in the production of other products or services that are sold, rented, or supplied to others. Business Buyer Behavior(PPT05-2的4页) The buying behavior of organizations that buy goods and services for use in the production of other products and services that are sold, rented, or supplied to others. 市场细分(PPT06,6页) Concept developed by Wendell Smith(1956) Dividing a market into distinct groups with distinct needs, characteristics, or behavior who might require separate products or marketing mixes. Multiple segments(PPT06,18页) The single segmentation variables forconsumer markets often are not validate, marketers use them in combination. Multi-Attribute Segmentation combining several variables to identify and define target groups have been considered increasingly. 目标市场(Target market)(PPT06 24页) Consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve 利基市场(补缺市场niche market)(参考:p175,p217,PPT08,29页,自行理解) 就是指那些高度专业化,被大企业所忽略的细分市场。 差异化营销(p201,PPT07,22页)(书上PPT上没有具体定义,一下来自网络) 是指面对已经细分的市场,企业选择两个或者两个以上的子市场作为市场目标,分别对每个子市场提供针对性的产品和服务以及相应的销售措施。 包括产品、服务、员工、渠道和形象。 微营销(一对一营销)(p98,坑爹= =)(一下定义来自百科) 一对一营销(One-To-One Marketing),亦称“121营销”、“1-2-1营销”或“1对1营销”等。是一种客户关系管理(CRM)战略,它为公司和个人间的互动沟通提供具有针对性的个性化方案。 微营销是现代一种低成本、高性价比的营销手段。 定位(p197,PPT07,5页) 定位是指公司为自己的产品或者形象在目标顾客心目中占据一定的特殊位置而采取的行动。 Positioning is the act of designing the company’s offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the mind of a target market. 竞争优势(Competitive Advantage)(PPT08,3页) An advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value and satisfaction than competitors offer. 注意一下各种竞争策略的单词吧~! 品牌(brand)(p228,PPT09,5页) 一种名称,名词,标记,符号或设计,或者这些要素的组合,其目的是借以识别某个销售者或某些销售者提供的产品或服务,并使之与竞争对手的产品和服务区分开来。 A name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. 品牌化(branding)(p229,PPT09,10页) 是指赋予产品和服务品牌的力量。 Endowing products and services with the power of a brand. 品牌资产(brand equity)(同上,PPT下一页) 是指给产品和服务所附加的价值,反映了顾客对该品牌的想法,感受和所采取的行动,以及品牌带给公司的价格、市场份额和盈利性。品牌资产是一项重要的无形资产,对公司来说具有心理方面的价值和财务价值。 • An important intangible asset that has psychological and financial value to company • The added value endowed to products • The prices, market share, and profitability that the brand commands for the firm. • Use various perspectives to define and measure brand equity 品牌组合(Brand Portfolio)(p243,PPT09,39页) 是指公司在某一类别中向购买者销售的所有品牌和品牌线。 The set of all brands and brand lines a particular firm offers to customers 营销组合策略(4P) 。。。找不到,大家知道4P是啥就好了~ 营销管理(最上边有了~!) 产品(product)(p264,PPT10,3页) 产品是指提供给市场以满足需要和需求的任何东西,包括有形产品,服务,体验,事件,资产,组织,信息和创意。 A product is anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need, including physical goods, services, experiences, events, persons, places, properties, organizations, information, and ideas 产品系统(product system)(p267,PPT10,7页) 是指一系列功能彼此相容的相互联系的不同项目。 a group of diverse but related items that function in a compatible manner 产品组合(product mix)(同) 又称产品搭配,是指特定的生产商提供给市场以供销售的一系列产品或项目。 a product assortment, the set of all product and items that a particular marketer offers for sale 产品生周期(PLC)(p284,PPT10,13页) 包含以下四个含义: 1. 产品的生命是有限的 2. 产品销售会经过不同的阶段,每一阶段销售者都面临不同的挑战。 3. 在产品生命周期的不同阶段有不同的利润水平 4. 在产品的生命周期的不同阶段,公司需要有不同的营销、财务、制造、采购和人力资源战略。 Products have a limited life Product sales pass through distinct stages each with different challenges and opportunities Profits rise and fall at different stages Products require different strategies in each life cycle stage 产品定价方法(名词解释目测不会考)(p322,PPT12章,9页起) 第一步,选择定价目标。 Survival,生存 maximum current profits,当期利润最大化 maximum market share,市场份额最大化 market-skimming pricing,市场撇脂最大化 product-quality leader,产品质量领导 第二步,决定需求。。。。 还是看PPT吧= = 服务及其四个性质(p295,PPT11章,7页) 无形性(Intangibility), 看不见、摸不着、听不见、嗅不到。 化无形为有形。 不可分离性(Inseparability), 不可以从服务者那里分离出来。 克服顾客偏好,故而可以通过1.提高服务价格2. 加快服务工作速度3.培训更多服务培训者 差异性(Variability), 服务的质量取决于提供服务的人、时间、地点、方式。 1.招聘合适的员工2.整个组织内部建立标准化服务流程3.通过顾客建议和投诉系统、顾客调查以及对比购物监控顾客满意度。 不可储存性(Perishability), 服务不能够存储以后销售与使用。 调整供求矛盾 营销渠道(p350,PPT13章3页) 它是产品或者服务在投入使用或者消费的过程中涉及的一系列相互联系的组织。 营销渠道体系(marketing channel system)是指公司所采用的营销渠道的整体集合。 A marketing channel system is the particular set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption. IMC(整合营销传播)(p405,PPT) 营销传播(marketing communication)是公司直接或者间接的尝试让消费者了解自己销售的产品和品牌,劝说和提醒消费者购买这些产品和品牌的手段。 Marketing communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers, directly or indirectly, about the products and brands they sell. Performance Marketing(绩效营销)(p14,PPT16,3页) Performance marketing asks to examine the returns from marketing efforts and investments. The returns are calculated in financial and profitability terms, as well as in terms of branding and other intangible assets, and addressing of social responsibility. 营销模式(p498,PPT16,7) 营销范型 A marketing pattern is to reflect synthesized levels and statuses of marketing management. Both effectiveness and efficiency of marketing management depend on the marketing pattern. Marketing Effectiveness(营销效能)(p504,PPT16,10) 营销管理效能描述了一个组织的产出是否达到它的目标或期望,反映了一个组织的营销管理的能力和不足。 Marketing effectiveness describes whether an organization’s output meets its goal or expectations, reflecting an organization’s marketing management capacity and deficiency. Marketing Management Efficiency(p513,PPT16,11) 营销管理效率使之实现组织营销目标的过程有效性,反映营销管理的投入产出比率效果。 Marketing management efficiency refers to the efficiency of the process of realizing organizational marketing goals, indicating marketing management’s results on the ratio of input and output. 全球性行业(global industry)(p524) 是指这样一个行业,该行业中的竞争者在主要的地域或国内市场的战略定位从根本上受到其全球定位的影响。 全球化公司(global firm)(p524,PPT17,3) 在2个或更多的国家开展事业,具体地说是进行R&D(研发),生产,物流,市场营销,财务等一系列的事业活动,其结果是在成本上取得的优势和受到的评价是国内开展事业的竞争对手所无法获取的。 A global firm operates in two or more countries and captures advantages in R&D,production,Logistics,Marketing and finance in it’s cost and reputation that are not available to purely domestic competitors。 全球营销。。。。。展开阅读全文
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中山大学国际商学院市场营销重点名词参考整理.doc



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