新概念第三册第27课市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Lesson 27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy不买也不卖不买也不卖第1页nIt has been said that everyone lives by selling something.n听说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。听说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。nIthasbeensaidthat=itissaidthat听说nliveby以为生第2页nInthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.n依据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，依据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家哲学家靠靠卖卖智慧智慧为生，为生，牧师牧师靠卖靠卖精神精神抚慰为生。抚慰为生。ninthelightof=accordingto,takingintoaccount依据，按照nphilosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了防止重复。第3页nphilosophern.哲学家nPhilosophyn.哲学nTheancientGreekphilosophern苏格拉底Socratesskrti:zn柏拉图Platopleitun亚里士多德Aristotleristtln-Platoisdeartome,butdearerstillistruth.n-Ilovemyteacher,butIlovetruthmore.-Aristotle第4页第5页nwisdomn.智慧nPlatoisamanofwisdom.n=Platoisawiseman.nwiseadj.英明，明智n-Imadeawisechoice.nwisdomteethnThiswisdomthatyousimplylearnfromothersisnotenough.Onthebasisofit,youshouldbuildyourownideas.第6页npriestn.牧师nthethreemajorreligionsoftheworld:n基督教Christiankrstnn佛教Buddhismbdzmn伊斯兰教Islamismizlmizmn天主教Catholicismklisizmn道教Taoismtazmn印度教Hinduismhinduizm第7页 Christian第8页 Buddhismbdzm第9页 Islamismizlmizm第10页 Taoism tazm第11页 Hinduism hinduizm第12页nspiritualadj.精神上，非物质nspirituallife/spiritualneednspiritedadj.精神饱满，生机勃勃，英勇naspiritedgirlnlow-spirited沮丧high-spirited兴奋naspiriteddebate热烈辩论npublic-spiritedadj.有爱国心,有公德心（名词public-spiritedness）nThankstoagroupofpublic-spiritedcitizens,theKrippendorfgardenhasbeenpreserved.n多谢一群有公德心市民，克利彭多夫花园才得以维持下去。第13页nThough it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money,it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.n即使物质产品价值能够用金钱来衡量，但要估算即使物质产品价值能够用金钱来衡量，但要估算他人为我们为所提供服务价值却是极其困难。他人为我们为所提供服务价值却是极其困难。nthough引导让步状语从句，交代“先决条件是”nintermsof从方面说来，按照nThebookoffersnothingintermsofasatisfactoryconclusion.第14页nItisthefashionnowadays,forinstance,toexplainallsocialunrestintermsofeconomicconditions.第15页nThere are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives,yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.n有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有一切。但就在有一切。但就在外科大夫外科大夫给我们提供了这种服给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付昂贵费用而埋怨。务后，我们却可能为所支付昂贵费用而埋怨。nahighfee高昂费用npreciselyadv.准确地；恰恰第16页ngrudgevt.怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做nn.怨恨；恶意；妒忌nHegrudgedpayinghistaxes.他不愿付税金。n-Hiscrudemastergrudgedhimeventhefoodheate.nHegrudgedmemysalary.他吝于给我薪水。n-Hegrudgedmysuccess.(vt.妒忌，怨恨)nTheygrudgedhimhisprize.他们嫉妒他得奖。第17页nsurgeonn.外科大夫nsurgeryn.外科手术nTheplasticsurgeonundercuttheskinofhercheek.n整容外科医生将她脸皮下部切开。nphysicianfznn.内科医生ngynecologist,ankldstn.妇科医生npediatrician,pidtrnn.儿科医生ndentistn.牙科医生nnasalnezl/ear/oral/braindoctorn鼻科/耳科/口腔/脑科医生第18页nThe conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.Everyone has something to sell.n社会上情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买，社会上情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西能够出售。西能够出售。nsuch后面that引导同位语从句，such是代词。n这个从句中that引导是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样方法”。n动词不定式tosell充当something后置定语。第19页nTramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.n在这条普遍规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例在这条普遍规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售几乎是他本人，以引发过外，乞丐出售几乎是他本人，以引发过路人路人怜怜悯。悯。ntrampsn.trmp流浪汉ntohisgeneralrule作证句子补充状语。ntoarousethepityofpassers-by是动词不定式短语，作目标状语，即“出售本人目标是引发过路人怜悯”。第20页npasser-byn.过路人（复数passers-by）nlooker-on旁观者nfather-in-lawn岳父，公公nmother/son/daughter/brother/sister-in-lawn岳母/婆婆/女婿/儿媳妇/姐夫，妹夫/夫或妻姐妹第21页nButrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothingtosellandrequirenothingfromothers.n但真正流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东但真正流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从他人那儿得到任何东西西，也不需要从他人那儿得到任何东西.n这句话由but引导，是对上句内容转折。ntosell作nothing后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。第22页nIn seeking independence,they do not sacrifice their human dignity.n在追求独立自由同时，他们并不牺牲为人在追求独立自由同时，他们并不牺牲为人尊严尊严。ninseeking为固定搭配，意思是“在追求过程中”。nAtrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.n游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。n这个句子由两个并列分句组成，两个分句中各含有一个主要短语asksb.forsth.(向某人索要某物)，asksb.todosth.(要求某人做某事)。第23页ndignityn.尊严，高贵nloseonesdignity丢面子，失去尊严n-Ifyouareafraidoflosingyourdignity,youcantexpecttolearnaforeignlanguage.n-Althoughsheisverypoor,shehasnotlostherdignity.第24页nHehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.n他是他是有意有意在选择过那种生活，并完全清楚以这在选择过那种生活，并完全清楚以这种方式生活种方式生活后果后果。nheleads作life定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。第25页ndeliberatelyadv.有意地（=onpurpose）n-Hecougheddeliberately/onpurposetoattractmyattention.nadv.慎重地，深思熟虑地n-Hemadeadecisiondeliberately.第26页nconsequencen.后果，结果ninconsequence所以，结果n-Itrainedyesterdayandinconsequencethematchwascanceled.ninconsequenceof因为.缘故，因为n-Hedidntcometoschoolinconsequenceofhisillness.ntaketheconsequenceof负担.责任n-Youhavetotaketheconsequenceoftheaccident.第27页nHe may never be sure where the next meal is coming from,but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.n他可能从不知道下顿饭有没有着落，但他不像他可能从不知道下顿饭有没有着落，但他不像有些人那样被千万桩愁事所有些人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨折磨。nwherethenextmealiscomingfrom是谓语besure所指内容，即宾语从句。nwhich引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“烦心事”。nbe free from 不受.影响，后面常接pain,trouble,danger.第28页nafflictv.使苦恼，折磨nbeafflictedwith受.折磨n-Heisafflictedwithadisease.nSheisafflictedwithaconscience她受良心责备。nafflictionn.痛苦，苦恼nThethoughtthatthispersonistheonlyoneformeistherootoftheaffliction.n那种认为“这个人是我唯一”想法是痛苦根源。第29页nHisfewmaterialpossessionmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease.n他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如轻松自如地地在各地奔走。在各地奔走。nit是形式宾语，真正宾语是tomovefromplacetoplacewithease。nwithease相当于easily。第30页neasen.轻易nwithease熟练地，轻而易举地（=easily）n-Hefinishedthetaskwithease。natease安逸，自由自在n-Heisquiteateaseinpublic.nbe/feelillatease局促不安，心神不宁n-Ialwaysfeelillateaseinastrangeenvironment.第31页nByhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.n因为被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离因为被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然大自然近得多。近得多。nbyhavingtosleepintheopen是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“因为不得不露宿”。ngetcloseto意思是“靠近”。getfarclosertothan意思是“比靠近得多”。do代替getclosetotheworldofnature。第32页nnaturen.大自然nnaturereserve自然保护区nn.本性nhumannature人性，人类本性n-Caringanimalsishumannature.第33页nHe may hunt,beg,or steal occasionally to keep himself alive;he may even in times of real need,do a little work;but he will never sacrifice his freedom.n为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶然偷上为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶然偷上一两回；确实需要时候，他甚至可能干一点儿一两回；确实需要时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。活，但他决不会牺牲自由。nin times of 在时候n句中两个分号表明这两个简单句均为并列关系。第34页nWeoftenspeakoftrampswithcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwehavenotfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?n说起流浪汉，我们经常带有说起流浪汉，我们经常带有轻蔑轻蔑并把他们与乞丐并把他们与乞丐归为一类。不过，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说归为一类。不过，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉简单生活与无忧无虑境况不感到有我们对流浪汉简单生活与无忧无虑境况不感到有些些羡慕羡慕呢？呢？nasbeggars是class定语。这里as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类”。theirfreedomfromcare意思是“他们无忧无虑”，freedomfromcare相当于freefromcare,只是因为句子结构和对词性要求而把free改为freedom。第35页ncontemptn.蔑视nholdsb.incontemptn=lookdownuponsb.藐视某人nIholdhimincontemptbecausehehasnothingtodoeveryday.nincontemptof不顾；不把放在眼里；藐视nHewentabroadincontemptofhisfathersobjection.第36页ncontemptibleadj.可鄙，可轻视，不齿nHeisacontemptibleperson.nYoucantellheisarudeandcontemptiblemanbythecontentofhishostilecomments.n从他充满仇意言语内容中，大家不难看出他是个粗野可鄙人。第37页nenviousadj.羡慕，嫉妒nbeenviousofnIamenviousofyoursuccess.njealousdlsadj.妒忌，吃醋，羡慕nHeisjealousofoursuccess.nenvious羡慕njealous嫉妒，含贬义nenvious，jealousandhateful第38页Comprehension questionsn1.Ithasbeensaideveryonelivesbydoingwhat?nBysellingsomething.n2.Whatdoteacherslivebyselling?nKnowledge.n3.Wholivebysellingwisdom?nPhilosophers.n4.Andwhataboutthepriests?nTheylivebysellingspiritualcomforts.第39页n5.Howdifficultisittoestimatethetruevalueofservicesthatpeopleperform?nExtremelydifficult.n6.Wouldmostofuswillinglygiveupeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives?nYes,wewould.n7.Butwhomightwegrudgepaying?nAsurgeon.n8.Whathastobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidfor?nSkills.第40页n9.Trampsseemtobeanexceptiontotherule.Whatistherule?nEveryonehassomethingtosell.n10.Whatdobeggarsalmostdo?nSellthemselves.n11.Arerealtrampsbeggars?nNo,theyarent.n12.Whathavetheygottosell?nNothing.nAndwhatdotheyrequirefromothers?nNothing.第41页n13.Thereissomethingtrampsdonotsacrifice.Whatisit?nTheirhumandignity.n14.Willatrampaskyoutofeelsorryforhim?nNo,hewont.n15.Isatrampsurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom?nNo,heisnt.n16.Butwhatishefreefrom?nThethousandsofanxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.第42页n17.Whycanhemovefromplacetoplacewithease?nBecausehehasfewmaterialpossessions.n18.Howdoeshegetclosertonaturethanmostofusdo?nByhavingtosleepintheopen.n19.Whatwillatrampneversacrifice?nHisfreedom.n20.Howdoweoftenspeakoftramps?nWithcontempt.第43页 n21.Howdowecomparethemwithbeggars?nWeputtheminthesameclass.n22.Howdomanyofusfeelabouttrampssimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?nWeareenviousofit.第44页