2021高考英语福州市(三月)阅读、短文改错自练(14)答案.docx

2021高考英语福州市（三月）阅读、短文改错自练（14）答案

阅读理解
【来自湖北卷】
In today's throw­away society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)．
Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling—its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.
The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2021 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.
After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.
Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2021，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.
That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2021，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.
回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于准时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。
1．The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is ________.
A．recycling B．restoring
C．burying D．burning
答案：A。细节推断题。其次段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持全都的。
2．The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to ________.
A．reduce the cost of burying waste B．meet the EU requirements
C．speed up waste recycling D．replace landfill sites
答案：B。细节推断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy...”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的方案也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。
3．The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because ________.
A．it came from a private company B．the council was not interested in it
C．it was not supported by EU D．the local people were against it
答案：D。细节推断题。依据倒数其次段最终一句“...700 local objections reached them...”，可以断定市民是反对的。
4．What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils?
A．To open a new landfill nearby.
B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2021.
C．To set up a plant for burning waste.
D．To persuade people to reduce their waste.
答案：C。细节推断题。依据文章最终一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。

阅读理解
【2022·南昌市高三第三次模拟测试】
Millions of people are using cell phones today.In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one.In many countries，cell phones are very popular with young people.They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.In England，there has been a serious debate about this issue.Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand，why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones？Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment.In one case，a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son.This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day，every day of his working week，for a couple of years.His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use，but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful？The answer is radiation.High­tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation.But they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues，it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.Use your mobile phone only when you really need it.Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient，especially in emergencies.In the future，mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health.So for now，it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
1．People buy cell phones for the following reasons except that________.
A．they’re popular　　　 B．they’re convenient
C．they’re useful 　 D．they’re cheap
2．The word “detected” in Paragraph 3 could be best replaced by________.
A．discovered 　 B．removed
C．cured 　 D．caused
3．The salesman retired young because________.
A．he disliked using mobile phones
B．he couldn’t remember simple tasks
C．he was tired of talking on his mobile phone
D．his employer’s doctor persuaded him to
4．On the safety issue of mobile phones，the manufacturing companies________.
A．deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
B．develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
C．hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
D．try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
5．The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people________.
A．to buy mobile phones
B．to use mobile phones less often
C．to update regular phones
D．to stop using mobile phones

语篇解读　本文是一篇谈论文。手机给我们的生活带来了很多便利。但是手机辐射却威逼着我们的身体健康。
1．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第一段第三句中的“cell phones are very popular with young people”可知，A项表述正确；依据最终一段倒数第三句中的“be very useful and convenient”可知，B、C两项表述正确；D项文中未提及。
答案：　D
2．解析：　词义猜想题。依据语境可知，画线词所在句子的句意为：通过现代扫描仪器扫描，可以探测一些大脑和头部组织发生变化的信号。
答案：　A
3．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第三段第三、四句“In one case，a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.”可知，答案B符合文意。
答案：　B
4．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第四段最终一句“Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.”可知，答案C符合文意。
答案：　C
5．解析：　写作意图题。依据文章最终一段第一句“As the discussion about their safety continues，it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.”可知，作者建议人们尽量少用手机。
答案：　B。

短文改错
　　Dear Ralph,
　　I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1. _______
　　describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2. _______
　　it seems always difficult for me to do things well as3. _______
　　them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as4. _______
　　a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 5. _______
　　Besides, I have few friends. I don’t know that they 6. _______
　　don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other7. _______
　　very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8. _______
　　once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t 9. _______
　　seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 10. _______
　　Yours,
　　Xiao Wei
　　答案及解析
　　1. of改为from。of表示所属意义， 此处应为“来自一个小城镇”。
　　2. quietly改为
quiet。describe后接名词或代词+ as +名词或形容词， 其中as +名词或形容词作宾语补足语， 表示“把…描写成什么/什么样子”。
　　3. well前加as。as well as“跟…(做得)一样好”。
　　4. to改为at。laugh to...意为“对…大笑”。laugh at...意为“赞扬”， 有明显的、 有意的敌意的含义， 依据后文and see me as a fool， 故应用laugh at才对。
　　5. 此行无错误。
　　6. that改为why。that引导宾语从句， 本身无意义， 只起连接作用。
　　7. talked改为talk。整篇文章叙述的都是现在的状况。改为现在时， 使其与上下文全都。
　　8. stranger改为strangers。与句子主语we全都。
　　9. since改为but。依据上下文， 前后句之间为转折关系。
　　10. 删除about。tell的结构为：tell sb. sth. “告知某人某事”， 表示直接意义； tell sb. about sth. “告知某人有关某事的某些内容”， 表示间接意义。