2021高考英语(三月)阅读类自练(9)及答案(济南市).docx

2021高考英语（三月）阅读类自练（9）及答案（济南市）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the baby’s point of view.
Mothers, doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.
It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four- hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock- watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night. I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldn’t follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.
Well, at last we havecopper- bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ (智商) scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample (样本) of 10, 419 children born in the early 1990s, taking account of parental education, family income, a child’s sex and age, the mother’s health and feeding style. These results don’t surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.
I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.
1. According to Paragraph 2, one reason why a baby cries is that it feels　　　.　
A. sick　　　　B. upset　　　　C. sleepy　　　　D. hungry
2. What does the author think about Dr King?
A. He is strict.　　　　 B. He is unkind.　　　　
C. He has the wrong idea.　　D. He sets a timetable for mothers.
3. The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to　　　.　
A. basic　　　　B. reliable　　　　C. surprising　　　　D. interesting
4. What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?
A. The baby will sleep well.
B. The baby will have its brain harmed.
C. The baby will have a low blood sugar level.
D. The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.
5. The author supports feeding the baby　　　.　
A. in the night　　　　　　　　　　　B. every four hours
C. whenever it wants food　　　　　　D. according to its blood sugar level
【参考答案】1—4、DCBDC　　

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade­offs will have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade­offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade­offs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
本文是一篇说明文。19世纪，美国政府拨款修建铁路和大路，这既带来了好处，也带来了一些不利。现在21世纪，一种新型的电力系统会给美国带来好处还是坏处，这是值得考虑的一个问题。在建这种新型的电力系统时，我们要记住铁路和大路的影响。
1．What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.
B. Some railroad stops remained underused.
C. Land in the West was hard to manage.
D. Land grants went into private hands.
答案：C。细节理解题。依据其次段的“...and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.”可知，建铁路导致的问题是“土地全部权给土地管理带来了挑战”。A项是修建大路的影响；B项说一些铁路站始终未被充分利用，是错误的；D项原文未说。
2．What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?
A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.
C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place.
答案：B。推理推断题。细读最终两段可知，对于可替代能源的进展主要的担忧是钱和力，钱和力可能带来一些好处，有可能被铺张掉，并且带来一些其他的问题。
3．What is the author's attitude towards building solar plants?
A. Cautious. B. Approving.
C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
答案：A。推理推断题。依据全文以及文章的最终一句话“So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highroads as we construct these new power plants in the West.”可知，对正在建立新的电力系统是比较谨慎的。
4．Which is the best title for the passage?
A. How the Railways Have Affected the West
B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled
答案：B。主旨大意题。文章借助于铁路和大路对美国的影响，要说明的是太阳能这种新的电力系统对美国西部地区会有什么的影响。

【2021界广东省汕头市质量监测试题】
完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a freezing November night and the stars shone coldly as I walked through the deserted town of Wick with my heavy overnight bag. It was the third time I'd ____1____ the streets looking for somewhere—anywhere—to stay. But there was no sign of ___2____, even the pubs were shut. I ___3___ to wrap my scarf round my neck. "Five more hours before the next train to Thurso," I thought ____4___, picturing a sleepless night on the streets. Then suddenly I heard a ____5___ behind me:"What's up, laddie? Need some help?"
It was from an old man called Robert MacDougal who noticed me huddle（卷缩）in the street on his way home. When I ____6___ my situation he ____7___ offered shelter for the night. At first I ___8___, I''d learnt from experience not to trust ___9____, having been robbed once in London. That ___10___ had left its mark, but it soon became clear that Robert sincerely desired to help. Wick was a small town and ____11___ I wasn't a local. It was also obvious that I needed a place to sleep.
I ____12____ Robert back to a small cottage where we sat in front of a warm fire and had a little chat about Wick and Robert. Robert was a ___13___. He had three children and several grandchildren, but most of them had moved away. I began to ____14____ why Robert was glad of some company.
After a peaceful night on an old sofa, I got up at 4:30 a.m. To catch my ____15____, leaving behind a note of thanks. Today I sometimes think about Wick, and wonder if Robert is still there. I'll always remember with gratitude his simple act of kindness.
1. A.hunted for B.go through C.walked round D.twisted up
2. A.life B.hope C.tourism D.trust
3. A.continued B.attempted C.paused D.managed
4. A.enthusiastically B.desperately C.delightedly D.unbelievably
5. A.voice B.remark C.sound D.speech
6. A.introduced B.explained C.exposed D.mentioned
7. A.unwillingly B.reluctantly C.automatically D.immediately
8. A.considerate B.suspicious C.reasonable D.curious
9. A.strangers B.elders C.adults D.robbers
10. A.accident B.coincident C.evidence D.incident
11. A.strangely B.apparently C.luckily D.naturally
12. A.watched B.attracted C.followed D.directed
13. A.widower B.father C.husband D.survivor
14. A.understand B.acknowledge C.know D.analyze
15. A.dream B.flight C.bus D.train
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查过去分词及语境的理解。A.搜寻，查找；B.参与，经受，认真检查；C.四处逛；D.把……卷成螺旋形。由“……looking for somewhere—anywhere—to stay.”可知他在街上四处逛着查找住处。故选C。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A。生活，生存；B。期望； C。旅游业；D。信任。由“I walked through the deserted town of Wick”和“even the pubs were shut.”可知这是个被废弃的小镇，甚至连酒吧都关门了。所以没有人活动的迹象。故选A。
3.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。 A.连续；B.企图；C.暂停；D.设法完成，管理，负责。“……noticed me huddle（卷缩）in the street”说明我停下来了。故选C。
4.【答案】B
【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A.热心地，满腔热忱地；B。无望地，极度地；C.兴奋地；D.难以置信地。由“picturing a sleepless night on the streets.”可知他是在无望地想。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.声音，嗓音，人说话声；B.言辞，留意；C.声音，声响；D.演讲，讲话。"What's up, laddie? Need some help?"由下一段可知，这是一个老人说得话。故选A。
6.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A.介绍；B.解释；C.暴露，揭露；D.提到。由“offered shelter for the night.”他为我供应庇护所。可知我向他解释了我的状况。故选B。
7.【答案】D
【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A.不情愿地，牵强地；B.不情愿地，嫌恶地；C.主动地，机械地；D.马上，马上。由“Robert sincerely desired to help”可知是Robert主动为我供应住宅。
8.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A.疼惜的，体谅的，考虑周到的；B.可疑的，怀疑的；C.合理的，公道的；D.奇异   的，奇异的。由于“having been robbed once in London.”他曾经被抢劫过的经受，使他起初对Robert有所怀疑。
9.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.生疏人；B.老年人；C.成年人；D.盗贼。由于在伦敦被抢劫的经受，使他不信任生疏人，所以选A。

10.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.事故，意外；B.全都的，符合的，同时发生的；C.证据，明显；D.大事，事变。“having been robbed once in London.”这是一次大事，故选D。
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A.惊异地，奇异地；B.明显地；C.幸运地；D.自然地。由“I walked through the deserted town of Wick with my heavy overnight bag. It was the third time I'd ____1____ the streets looking for somewhere—anywhere—to stay.”可知我是路过这儿，明显不是当地人。故选B。
12.【答案】C
【解析】考查现动词及语境的理解。A.观看，凝视；B.吸引；C.跟随；D.指导。由“I needed a place to sleep.”可知我需要一个地方睡觉，所以跟随Robert去了他家。故选C。
13.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. 鳏夫B.父亲；C.丈夫；D.幸存者。由“Robert was glad of some company.”可知他是个鳏夫。故选A。
14.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A.理解，懂得；B.承认，答谢，报偿；C.知道，了解；D.分析，分解。由上一句“He had three children and several grandchildren, but most of them had moved away.”可知我理解了他为何乐于有人陪伴。故选A .
15.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A.梦，幻想；B.飞行，班机；C.公共汽车；D.火车。由“Five more hours before the next train to Thurso,”可知我要赶火车，故选D。