新概念三册-Lesson-2-语法解释教学内容.doc

新概念三册 Lesson 2 语法解释

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Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
‘Whatever are you doing up here Bill? ’asked the vicar in surprise.
‘I'm trying to repair the bell, ’answered Bill. ‘I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise. ’
‘You certainly did give me a surprise! ‘said the vicar. ‘You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again. ’
‘That's the trouble, vicar, ’answered Bill. ‘It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it. ’
‘We'll get used to that, Bill, ’said the vicar. ‘Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea. ’

Œ Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. 我们教区的牧师总是为各种各样的事筹集资金，但始终未能筹足资金把教堂的钟修好。
² ---is always raising money--- always ,often ,usually等词一般仅用于一般时态，但也可以用于进行时态表示带有赞赏，喜欢或厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感情色彩。
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。
They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating.
The worker is always working hard. 表示赞扬
The baby is always crying.表示讨厌。
He is always thinking for others.总是为别人着想（赞扬）
1. 他总是跟我借钱，并且几天后就把借钱的事抛之脑后。
______________________________________ and forgetting all about it a few days later.

2. 他老是捣乱。
________________________________________________________
(He is always borrowing money from me)
(He is always making trouble.)
² mange to do : If you manage to do something, especially something difficult, you succeed in doing it.
1. The doctor __________ my father to quit smoking, but she failed.
A. tried to persuade B. managed to persuade C. persuaded
2. 尽管路上拥挤，我们还是设法按时到达了学校。
___________________________________________________________________
² have the church clock repaired （让别人）维修教堂大钟
have sth. done （让别人）处理某物
1. 昨天我理发了。（别人给理的发）
___________________________________________________________
昨天我自己动手理发了。
___________________________________________________________
2. 爸爸找人把房子粉刷了。
___________________________________________________________
 The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since. 教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜打点报时，但在很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。
The big clock (which used to strike the hours day and night) was damaged many years
主语部分包含一个which引导的定语从句 many years ago是一般过去时态的标志词
ago and has been silent ever since.
ever since：从那时起，是完成时态的标志词
² used to do sth. 过去曾经干某事
be/get used to doing/sth. 习惯于某事
A. 选用适当的词组填空：
1. Life here is much easier than it ____________ be.
2. He _____________ hard work.
3. I’ve lived in Paris for six years now, so I’m quite _________ the traffic.
4. It’s difficult to understand Scottish people if you______________ their accent.
5. It was a bit of a shock: I___________________ paying so much for a sandwich and a glass of beer.
6. I don’t play tennis much these days, but I ____________.
7. The wood ______________ make desks and chairs.

B. 动词填空：
1. You’ll soon get used to ___________(live) in the country.
2. I never used to ___________(eat) cakes, but I eat a lot now.
3. I’m not used to _____________(treat) like this.
4. When I was younger I was used to ____________(walk) long distances.
5. I used to ___________(go) swimming on Saturdays.
6. Didn’t she use to ____________(live) in Germany?
C. 翻译句子：
1．几个月后他就习惯了一个人生活了。
_____________________________________.
2．我过去一直住在伦敦。
_____________________________________.
3．刀是用来切东西的。
_____________________________________.
4．人们曾认为地球是扁的。
_____________________________________.
D. 中考链接
1. There ________ a lot of red-crowned cranes in this area.
A. was used to B. was used to be C. used to D. used to be
2. She used to ______ with her parents, but now she is used to ______ with her classmates
at school. (泰州）
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live
3. He used to ____ in a small village, but now he has been used to ___ in the big city. (镇江）
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live
4. Mrs. Green _______ go to hospital, but now she is in good health.
A. has to B. need to C. used to D. ought to
A.
1. used to 2. is used to 3. used to 4. are not used to 5. was not used to 6. used to 7. is used to
B.
1. living 2. eat 3. being treated(该题为动名词的被动形式,初中不作要求) 4. walking 5. go 6. live
C.
1. He was used to living alone several month later.
2. I used to live in London.
3. The knife is used to cut things.
4. People used to think that the earth was flat.
D.
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C
Ž One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!
一天夜里，我们的牧师突然被惊醒了，大钟又在“打点”报时了！
with a start: If you start, your body suddenly moves slightly as a result of surprise or fear. Start is also a noun.
a. She put the bottle on the table, banging it down hard. He started at the sound.
b. Sylvia woke with a start.
c. He gave a start of surprise and astonishment.
d. The news gave me quite a start
 Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. 他一看表，才1点钟，可是那钟一连敲了13下才停。
Looking at his watch是现在分词短语作时间状语。现在分词短语可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语或状语。看看下列练习中的现在分词或者过去分词在句中做什么成分。
1. _____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.
A. To see　　　 B. Seeing　　　 C. Having seen　 D. Being seen
2. _____ a post office, I stopped ______ some stamps.
A. Passed, buying　 B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy　D. Pass, to buy
3. ____ a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. To save　　 B. Saving　　　 C. Saved　　　 D. Having saved
4. ____ how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.
A. Not to know　　 B. Not knowing 　C. Knowing not　　D. Not known
5. Deeply______, I thanked her again and again.
A. being moving　　 B. moved　　　 C. moving　　　 D. to be moved
6. ______the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. Having shown　 B. Showing 　 C. Has shown　　D. Having been shown
7. He went from door to door, ______ waste papers and magazines.
A. gathering　 B. gathered 　C. gather　　　D. being gathered
8. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____ the professor's suggestions. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. follow　　　B. following　 C. followed　　D. being followed
9. People ___ in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
A. live　 B. to live　C. lived　 D. living
10. The wallet ____ several days ago was found ____ in the dustbin outside the building.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A. stolen, hidden　　　B. stealing, hiding 　 C. stealing, hidden　 D. stolen, hiding
 Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.
牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。
arm：
a. Your arms are the two long parts of your body that are attached to your shoulders and that have your hands at the end.
She stretched her arms out.
b. Arms are weapons, especially bombs and guns. (FORMAL)
If you arm someone with a weapon, you provide them with a weapon.
They quickly armed themselves with sticks and stones.
If you are armed with sth. especially weapons, you have got it in order to attack others or protect yourself.
Police say the man is armed with a gun and dangerous.
armed with a torch 过去分词（或者形容词）短语作方式状语
1. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.
A. being founded B. Founded C. It was founded D. Founding
2. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
3. Mrs. Bush stood ______ for a moment when an old soldier suddenly appeared before her.
A. surprised B. surprising C. being surprised D. to be surprised
4. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving B. Left C. To be left D. Having left
5. _____ to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.
A. Being determined B. On having determined
C. Determined D. To be determined
6. _____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.
A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See
7. _____ from the top of the TV tower, we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.
A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See
8. ______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of her life.
A. Saw; frightened B. Seen; frightened
C. To see; frightening D. Seeing; frightened
‘ In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. 借着电筒光，他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店店主比尔·威尔金斯。
² catch sight of sth./sb. = see
If you catch sight of someone, you suddenly see them, often briefly.
Helen let out a shrill cry when she catch sight of a snake.
A shrill sound is high-pitched and unpleasant
Something that is brief lasts for only a short time.
She once made a brief appearance on television.
² figure
You refer to someone that you can see as a figure when you cannot see them clearly or when you are describing them.
I saw a figure approaching in the darkness.
When you approach something, you get closer to it.
When I approached, they grew silent.
² recognize
If you recognize someone or something, you know who that person is or what that thing is, because you have seen, heard or read about them before.
A man I easily recognized as Luke's father sat with a newspaper on his lap.
Lisa! I'm sorry - I didn't recognize you - you've had your hair cut!
He recognized the voice as that of Dr. Brown.
² whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. Whom引导的定语从句
’ ‘Whatever are you doing up here Bill? ’asked the vicar in surprise.
“你究竟在这上面干什么，比尔？”牧师惊讶地问。
² “疑问词＋ ever ”相当于“ no matter + 疑问词”
一、引导让步状语从句：
ever 本是一个加强语气的词，加在疑问词后面作后缀，不仅使疑问词的语气加强，而且变为具有让步意义的一个复合词，可用于引导让步状语从句。
Whatever [No matter what] you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
Whoever [No matter who] telephones, tell them I’m out. 不管是谁打电话，都说我出去了。
Whichever [No matter which] day you come, I’ll be pleased to see you. 无论你哪天来，我都欢迎。
Whenever [No matter when] you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。
We found the people friendly wherever [no matter where] we went. 无论我们走到哪里，我们都发现人们很友好。
However [No matter how] much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少，他都不发胖。
二、引导名词性从句：
He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。
I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. 谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。
I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 请想要这票，我就把它给谁。
Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪个队得分最多，哪个队就赢。
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我们当中无论哪个先到家，哪个就先开始做饭。
1. You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____ much work you have to do.
A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever
2. He tried his best to solve the problem, _____ difficult it was.
A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although
3. _____ rich one may be there is always something one wants.
A. whatever B. Whenever C. however D. Wherever
4. We should report any incident, _____.
A. however serious or minor it is B. how serious or minor is it
C. it is how serious or minor D. it is however serious or minor
5. _____ I say, he always disagrees.
A. however B. whatever C. Whichever D. Whoever
6. _____ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
A. Wherever B. however C. Whichever D. Whoever
7. An awful accident _____, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
8. You can contact us by telephone or e-mail, _________ you prefer.
A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. whatever
9. —What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.
—It’s up to you. _________ you want to do is fine with me.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Whoever
10. _________ he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always the same thing.
A. However B. Whenever C. whatever D. Whichever
² in surprise
in+表示情感的名词：表示处于某种状态
in terror/surprise/astonishment/anxiety/amazement/fear/happiness/anger/joy
with+名词表示原因
She was trembling with cold.
To Jane’s great relief, she reached the house at last.
To our astonishment, he broke the world record.
She looked at the box for a long time, and then her eyes opened wide in astonishment.
她看了那个匣子很长时间，然后她的眼睛充满惊讶地睁大了。
Jack shut his eyes in fear(fearfully).杰克害怕得闭上了眼睛。
The servants were silent with surprise, and the children were silent with fear. 仆人们因惊讶而目瞪口呆，孩子们也吓得呆若木鸡。
The students dropped to the ground and lay in terror. 同学们跌倒在地，躺在那里吓坏了。
She opened her hands and stared in horror at the dead bird. 她摊开双手，惊恐的看着那只死鸟。

“ ‘I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise. ’
“我想把这口钟修好，”比尔回答说。“好几个星期了，我天天夜里到钟楼上来。嗯，我是想让你大吃一惊。”
² surprise的用法
n. 惊奇；惊异; 意外的事；吃惊的事
in surprise惊奇地；吃惊地
to one’s surprise = to the surprise of sb．让某人感到吃惊的是
To the surprise of the young couple, they found the necklace missing．
使这对年轻夫妇惊奇的是，他们发现项链不见了。
Her face showed surprise at the news. 听到这个消息她脸上露出了惊奇。
He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大吃一惊。
To our surprise，the boy won the prize. 使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。
“How did you come here?” she said in surprise. “你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。
John turned around and looked at me in surprise． 约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。
It was a great surprise to me when I heard the news.
V. 使……惊奇；使……震惊
surprise sb.
be surprised at
be surprised to do
be surprised that-clause
The news greatly surprised us. 这条消息使我们大为惊讶。
We were surprised at his arrival（到达）.
The child was frightened at the noise.
The teacher was glad at our progress.
She was surprised to find her handbag missing.
I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a l