物流专业英语课后习题答案培训讲学.doc

物流专业英语课后习题答案

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Exercises 1
Part I
I Vocabulary exercises
1. B 2. C 3. D 4.B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B
II Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
1. “Logistics” is a term, which originates from both the army and French. According to the French, the Baron of Jomini, who of Swiss origin who had served in Napoleon’s army before joining the Russians and who later founded the Military Academy of St. Petersburg, first used the term in the early 19th century. So in a military sense, the term ‘logistics’ encompasses transport organization, army replenishments and material maintenance.
2. Logistics deals with satisfying the customer. This implies that management must first understand what those requirements are before a logistics strategy can be developed and implemented to meet them. As will be discussed in more detail later, customer service is the most important output of an organization’s logistics system. This focus on customer satisfaction will be emphasized through the text just as it should be in the firm.
Part II
I Vocabulary exercises
1. B 2. D 3. A 4.C 5. D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.C 10. A
II Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
1. Transportation refers to the physical movement of goods from a point of origin to a point of consumption and can involve raw materials being brought into the production process and/or finished goods being shipped out to the customer.
2. Since these inputs can have a direct impact on both the cost and quality of the final product/service offered to the consumer, this activity is vital to the overall success of the logistics effort. In addition, the move away from local sourcing in favor of global buying has complicated this entire process dramatically in recent years.
Part III
I Vocabulary exercises
1. D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C
II Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
1. Cost has a relation to service. They go hand in hand. As you define your service against your costs or costs against service, the give and take develops into your operating costs and budgets. Then you have to make sure that the cost can be managed. Otherwise costs can go out of control, or seem to.
2. Logistics is a process, which runs from the vendor's door through to the customer's. It interacts with almost every group within the company and with many companies outside the company, including its customers. Effective logistics revolves around five key issues--movement of product, movement of information, time/service, cost and integration. Each of this is critical to the success of logistics and to creating value-added to the company and improving competitiveness.

Exercises 2
Part I
I Vocabulary exercises
1. A 2. B 3. B 4.B 5.A 6. B 7. B 8.B 9. A 10. A
11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15.D
Part II
I Vocabulary exercises
1. A 2.C 3.A 4. D 5.A 6. D 7.B 8. B 9. D 10. B
II Structure
1. C 2. C 3.C 4.D 5.C

Part III
I Vocabulary exercises
1.A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6.C 7.A 8. C
II Structure
1.C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B

Exercises

Part I
I. Click on the word or phrase that fits the sentence:
. The Public sector ______an important role in transport, through the construction, ownership
and control of roads, railroads and in most countries.
(A) do (B) get (C) play (D) plays
2. This does not only relate to the handling techniques, _______to the equipment itself.
(A) and (B) which (C) but also (D) too
3. A ship may be moved from one trade or route to another, _______a  port cannot be moved.
(A) that (B) which (C) while (D) why
4. The high cost of provision, longevity and scale economies associated _______the fixed components
create tendencies towards monopoly control, while the ease of entry, flexibility and lack of scale effets
tend to stimulate competition in the mobile sector.
(A) on (B) in (C) to (D) with
5. Public authorities are most often responsible (1) planning, construction and maintenance of the fixed elements of transport, the infrastructure. It is assumed that their main (2) is to secure the international trade to and from a region or a country. But the investments they are willing to undertake must in most cases be demonstrated to have a viable economic basis through projections of cargo flows and (3) national gains. The careful planning and (4) of road and port projects are examples of this. The shipowners, as the suppliers of ships, will have similar interests in evaluating the cargo flow to and from a specific area. But as they operate internationally and their ships most likely serve other regions or countries, at least in liner operations, their considerations will have a wider scope within some profit motive. They may not be willing to add capacity to a service to cater for local needs.
(1) (A) on (B) in (C) to (D) for
(2) (A) objective (B) object (C) objectively (D) objecting
(3) (A) result (B) resulting (C) results (D) resulted
(4) (A) evaluation (B) improvement (C) development (D) increase

II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
1. mobile, relate, infrastructure, influenced, link, consists,
(1) The _____elements are also generally cheap.
(2) This does not only ______to the cargo handling techniques, but also to the equipment itself.
(3) It is the features of the fixed and mobile components of transport that have _______the present institutional arrangements in the industry.
(4) A particularly important ________ between transport and development is in international interaction.
(5) A transport system _______of inland transport, ports and ocean going vessels.
(6) The importance of building up a transport that involves considerable cost has made this a widely accepted public task.

Part II
Exercises:
I. Click on the word or phrase that fits the sentence:
1. The capability to efficiently transport large tonnage over long distance is the main reason _____ continue to handle significant inter-city tonnage and revenue.
(A) motor carrier (B) water transport (C) railroads (D) pipelines
2. _______is the oldest mode of transportation
(A) Motor carrier (B) Water transport (C) Railroads (D) Air transport
3. _____ can not be transported by pipelines.
(A) gas (B) general cargo (C) liquid (D) slurry
4. One ______aspect of air transport is the high cost.
(A) prohibitive (B) limited (C) obstacle (D) advantage
5. There has been an increasing _ (1)__ on these vehicles both in developed and in developing country. The construction of motorway and trunk road network, the concentration of manufacture into bigger production units and the general trend towards containerization have supported and (2) to this trend. Road transport shares the road or highway (3) other user. The (4) of roads are normally financed either through direct taxes (toll roads), by petrol or other indirect taxes or by combination.
(1) (A) to rely (B) rely (C) relied (D) reliance
(2) (A) lead (B) led (C) leading (D) to lead
(3) (A) with (B) on (C) and (D) in
(4) (A) build (B) building (C) manufacture (D) construct

II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
. unique, complementary, extremely, ranks, shifted, reduced,
(1). The basic nature of a pipeline is ______in comparison to all other modes of transport.
(2) Water transport _______ between rail and motor carrier in respect to fixed cost.
(3) The replacement of steam by diesel power ______ the railroads’ variable cost per ton-mile.
(4) In many situations road and rail transport may be seen as ______ rather than a competitor.
(5) Port and freight station are places where goods are _____from one mode of transport to another.
(6) The main advantage of water transportation is the capacity to move large shipments.

Part III
Exercises:
I. Click on the word or phrase that fits the sentence:
1. According to the passage, transport economics is influenced by _______factors.
(A) five (B) six (C) seven (D) eight
2. ______ is a major influence on transportation cost since it directly contribute to variable cost, such as labor, fuel and maintenance.
(A) Product density (B) Stowability (C) Market (D) Distance
3. Items with standard rectangular shapes are much easier to stow ______odd-shaped items
(A) with (B) than (C) to (D) at
4. The bill of lading serves as a receipt and documents commodities and quantities ______.
(A) ship (B) shipped (C) shipping
(D) to ship
5. The multi-modal transport operator (MTO) acts (1) the principal for the performance of the multi-modal transport contract and, in (2) capacity undertakes to contract and provide for the different modes of transport and other services required for expeditious, efficient and safe transport of goods from the place where he takes the goods in charge to the place where he deliver the goods (3) the contract. In the execution of the contract he has necessarily to engage the services of several carriers such as shipowners, road operators, railways, airlines or inland water way operators in addition to non-carriers like terminal operators, warehouses, container freight stations, groupage or consolidation depots, container (4) organizations or freight forwarders.
(1) (A) on (B) as (C) to (D) at
(2) (A) which (B) what (C) that (D) where
(3) (A) according to (B) due to (C) because (D) in addition to
(4) (A) lending (B) borrowing (C) owning (D) leasing

II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
Applied , decreases, arrange, delivery, lists, required
(1) Special handling equipment may be for loading or unloading trucks, railcars, or ships.
(2) Transportation cost per unit of weight ________as load volume increases.
(3) The shipping manifest ______ individual stops or consignees when multiple shipments are placed on a single vehicle.
(4) The primary task of forwarding is to ______ international transport of general cargo on behalf of others.
(5) Export rates may reduce total cost if to domestic origin or destination line-haul transport.
(6). In many situations the place of ______ of a cargo may not be known at the time of loading. A typical example is oil.

Answers:
Part I I.1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.CBDC II. (1)mobile (2)relate (3)influenced (4)link (5)consists
(6) infrastructure
Part II I.1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.DBAB II. (1)unique (2)ranks (3)reduced (4)complementary
(5)shifted (6) extremely
Part III I.1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.BAAC II.(1)required (2)decreases (3)lists (4)arrange (5)applied
(6)delivery

Chapter IV Exercises

Part I
I. Click on the word or phrase that fits the sentence:
1. Contract warehousing, which is ______ from the public warehouse segment, provides benefits of both the private and public alternative.
(A) to evolve (B)evolving (C)develop (D)development
2. A private warehouse is operated by the firm _______ the product.
(A) owning (B)own (C) have (D) has
3. Public warehouses frequently offer operating and management expertise ______ warehousing is
their core business.
(A) because of (B)since (C)that (D) which
4. There are contract warehouses capable of _______ total logistics responsibility for enterprises that desire only to manufacture and market.
(A) assume (B) assuming (C) respond (D) responding
5. The major benefits of private warehousing (1) control, flexibility, cost, and other (2) benefits. Private warehouses provide more control since the enterprise has absolute decision-making authority over all activities and priorities in the facility. This control (3) the ability to integrate warehouse operations with the (4) of the firm’s logistics.
(1) (A) include (B) includes (C) include to (D) is to include to
(2) (A) perception (B) intangible (C) tangible (D) advantage
(3) (A) facilitates (B) available (C) have (D) provide
(4) (A) other (B) that (C) rest (D) all

II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the list below:
standardized, specialized, combines, substantial, results, application,
(1) Public warehouse operators generally offer relatively _______ service to all clients
(2) A warehouse requires _______ material-handling activities.
(3) Firms with very _______ customers or products are often motivated to develop their own warehouse facilities.
(4) Contract warehousing _______ the best characteristics of both private and public operations.
(5) This ______ in high-volume operations that can spread fixed costs and justify more efficient handling equipment.
(6) ABC analysis is an inventory _______ of what is known as the Pareto Principle.

Part 2
Practice:
I. Click on the word or phrase that fits the sentence:
1 _____are utilized in the combination with four-wheel trailers on a continuous power basis.
(A) Forklift truck (B) Towlines (C) Conveyors (D) Carousels
2. A pallet or slip sheet forms a platform upon _____ master cartons are stacked.
(A) that (B) which (C) where (D) why
3. It is not as economical _______ the towline because it requires greater labor participation and is often idle.
(A) on (B) at (C) such (D) as
4. Typical application _____ selection of individual packages in pack-and repack and service parts operation.
(A) involve (B) involving (C) involves (D) to involve
5. The holding of the inventory is risk with because of the capital's investment and the potential for _(1)__. First, investment for inventory cannot be used _(2)__ other goods or assets that could improve the enterprise performance. Alternatively, funds supporting inventory investment must be borrowed, (3) the firm' s interest expense. A second form of risk is the possibility that the product will be pilfered or become obsolete. These factors and the relative magnitude of assets that are inventory-related contribute substantially to the risk of most enterprises. It is important to understand that the nature and extent of risk vary (4) on an enterprise' s position in the distribution cha nnel.
(1) (A) lack (B) over time (C) obsole