专业技术人员继续教育学习心得资料.doc

רҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵ
ÐĵÃÌå»á£¨¹¤³Ì°à£©
ÐÕÃû£º
°à¼¶£º
ѧºÅ£º
¹¤×÷µ¥Î»£º
¶þoÒ»ËÄÄêÁùÔÂÊ®°ËÈÕ
רҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵÐĵÃÌå»á
ÎÒÓÚ2014Äê6ÔÂ14ÈÕ-6ÔÂ18ÈղμÓÁË°²¿µÊÐ2014Äêרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵ¡£ÔÚÅàѵ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Í¨¹ý¿ÎÉÏÈÏÕæÌý½²¡¢ÈÏÕæ×ö±Ê¼Ç¡¢¼°Ê±Íê³É¿Îºó˼¿¼Ì⣬²¢Ôڿκó¼°Ê±ÏÂÔؽ²Ê¦µÄ½²ÒåÔÙѧϰµÈÐÎʽ£¬ÍêÂúµÄÍê³ÉÁ˸÷ÏîѧϰÈÎÎñ¡£Í¨¹ý±¾´Îѧϰ£¬Ê¹ÎÒ²»¶ÏÌá¸ß×ÔÉíÀíÂÛˮƽºÍרҵ¼¼ÄÜ£¬¶ÔȺÖÚ·Ïß½ÌÓýʵ¼ù»î¶¯¡¢Ë«´´¡¢ºº¾ç¡¢°²¿µµØÓòÎÄ»¯¡¢¹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÈÄÚÈÝÓÐÁËÉî²ã´ÎµÄÁ˽⡣Õâ´ÎÅàѵѧϰÓÐÖúÓÚÎÒÔÚʵ¼Ê¹¤×÷µ±Öм°Ê±¸üÐÂ֪ʶ¡¢¸üйÛÄÑø³É×ÔÖ÷ѧϰµÄÏ°¹ß£¬½«Ñ§Ï°ÈÕ³£»¯¡¢Éú»î»¯£¬Í¬Ê±Ìá¸ßרҵ¹¤×÷ˮƽ£¬ÍØÕ¹Á˹¤×÷˼·£¬ÔöÇ¿Á˽â¾öʵ¼ÊÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬¸üºÃµÃΪ¼Ì³ÐºÍ´´Ð´«Í³ÎÄ»¯£¬·¢Õ¹ºÍÍƹ㰲¿µµÄµØÓòÎÄ»¯×ö³ö¹±Ïס£
Ò»¡¢¶Ô¡°µ³µÄȺÖÚ·Ïß½ÌÓýʵ¼ù»î¶¯¡±ÒÔ¼°°²¿µ¡°Ë«´´¡±»î¶¯¸üÓÐÁ˸üÉîÈëµÄѧϰºÍÁ˽⡣
°²¿µÈË×Ô¼ÓѹÁ¦¡¢×ÔÐÅ×ÔÇ¿µÄÌåÏÖ£¬Ò²±Ø½«³ÉΪÍƶ¯ÃÀºÃ°²¿µ½¨ÉèµÄ¾«Éñ¶¯Á¦¡£ºëÑïÎñʵ´´Ðµİ²¿µ¾«Éñ£¬ÊÇ°²¿µÈËÓëʱ¾ã½ø¡¢ÇÀ×¥»úÓö¡¢·ÜÁ¦¿ª´´¸÷Ï×÷оÖÃæµÄÏÖʵÐèÇó¡£½ñºó£¬ÎÒ½«ÒÔ°²¿µ¾«ÉñÎä×°×Ô¼º£¬Á¢×ã±¾Ö°£¬½â·Å˼Ï룬¼á¶¨ÐÅÐÄ£¬¿ËÄѷܽø£¬ÓÃÎÒµÄʵ¼ÊÐж¯ÔÚƽ·²µÄ¹¤×÷¸ÚλÉÏ×ö³öÓ¦ÓеűÏס£
¶þ¡¢¶Ô°²¿µµÄºº¾çÎÄ»¯ÓÐÁ˸üÉîµÄÈÏʶ¡£
ÔÚѧϰºëÑﺺ¾çÎÄ»¯ÕÃÏÔ°²¿µÈËÎÄ˼ÏëµÄ¡°¾«ÆøÉñ¡±¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÖìΤ¶«ÀÏʦÉîÈëdz³öµÄ´ÓÖйú´«Í³ÎÄ»¯ÈëÊÖ¶Ôºº¾ç½øÐÐÁËÏ꾡µÄÆÊÎö¡£ºº¾çºÍººË®¡¢ººÎÄ»¯×÷Ϊ°²¿µµØÓòÎÄ»¯µÄÖØÒª±êÖ¾£¬ÔÚ°²¿µµØÓòÎÄ»¯ÖÐÕ¼¾ÝÁ˲»¿ÉÌæ´úµÄ×÷Óã¬ËýÊÇ°²¿µÎÄ»¯µÄÏȺӣ¬ÊÇÉÂÎ÷µÄµÚ¶þ´ó¾çÖÖ£¬ËýÔ¨Ô´ÓÚÖлªÃñ×å¹Å´úµÄÏ·ÇúÒÕÊõ£¬ÔÚ»Õ¡¢³þ¡¢Ô¥¡¢ÇؾçµÄ»ù´¡ÉϲúÉú£¬¾­¹ýººË®Á÷ÓòºÍ°²¿µÈËÃñ³¤ÆÚµÄÉú»î´´Ô죬²»¶ÏÈںϴ´Ð´òÄ¥¶ø³É£¬¾ßÓÐŨÓôµÄººË®ÎÄ»¯ÌØÉ«£¬Êǹú´â¾©¾çµÄÖØÒª±Ç×棬2006Äê5Ô±»¹úÎñÔºÕýʽÁÐΪµÚÒ»Åú¹ú¼Ò·ÇÎïÖÊÎÄ»¯ÒŲúÃû¼¡£Ñ§Ï°ºÍÁ˽⺺¾çÎÄ»¯£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚÊ÷Á¢°²¿µ¡°ÎÄ»¯Ç¿ÊС±µÄбê¸Ë£¬ºëÑïÖйú´«Í³ÎÄ»¯¡£
Èý¡¢Á˽âÁ˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄ±ØÒªÐÔ£¬Ñ§Ï°Á˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄ¼¼ÇÉ¡£ ͨ¹ýѧϰÈÃÎÒÈÏʶµ½Á˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄÖØÒª×÷Óã¬ÈÃÎÒÈÏʶµ½¹µÍ¨ÊÇÈËÓëÈËÏ໥֮¼ä´«µÝ£¬½»Á÷¸÷ÖÖÐÅÏ¢¡¢¹ÛÄ˼Ïë¡¢¸ÐÇ飬ÒÔ½¨Á¢ºÍ¹®¹ÌÈ˼ʹØϵµÄ×ۺϣ»ÊÇÉç»á×éÖ¯Ö®¼äÏ໥½»»»ÐÅÏ¢ÒÔά³Ö×éÖ¯Õý³£ÔËÐеĹý³Ì¡£Ð­µ÷ÊÇÐÐÕþ¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±ÔÚÆäÖ°Ôð·¶Î§ÄÚ»òÔÚÁìµ¼µÄÊÚȨÏ£¬µ÷ÕûºÍ¸ÄÉÆ×éÖ¯Ö®¼ä£¬¹¤×÷Ö®¼ä£¬È˼ÊÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬´Ùʹ¸÷ÖÖ»î
¶¯Ç÷Ïòͬ²½»¯ÓëºÍг»¯£¬ÒÔʵÏÖ¹²Í¬Ä¿±êµÄ¹ý³Ì¡£Í¨¹ýѧϰÈÃÎÒ·¢ÏÖ×Ô¼º»¹ÓÐÐí¶àÐèÒª¸Ä½øºÍÌá¸ßµÄµØ·½£¬ÌرðÊǹµÍ¨Ð­µ÷·½ÃæÈÔ´æÔÚ²»×㣬È粻ͬ¹¤×÷¡¢²»Í¬½Ç¶È¡¢²»Í¬ÔÄÀú¡¢²»Í¬ÐÔ¸ñµÄ¸öÌå¶Ô¹µÍ¨µÄÈÏʶºÍÀí½â²»ÉõÏàͬ£¬²ÉÈ¡µÄ¼¼ÇÉ¡¢¹µÍ¨·½Ê½¡¢·½·¨Ò²²»¾¡Ïàͬ£¬ÕâЩÌØÉ«ºÍ·½·¨²»ÊÇÎÞ×ÖÌìÊ飬¶øÊÇ´ó¼Ò¹¤×÷¾­ÑéµÄ»ýÀÛ¡¢¹µÍ¨Ï¸½ÚµÄ°ÑÎÕ¡¢¹µÍ¨ÖªÊ¶µÄ»ýµí£¬Í¨¹ýѧϰÊÇ¿ÉÒÔÅàÑøºÍÌá¸ßµÄ¡£
ËÄ¡¢¶ÔÏà¹Øרҵ֪ʶµÄѧϰºÍÁ˽⡣
ͨ¹ý¶Ô¡¶µ±Ç°ÎÒ¹úºê¹Û¾­¼ÃÐÎÊÆ·ÖÎöÓëÕ¹Íû¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÈÃÎÒÉîÈëÁ˽âÁËÎÒ¹úµ±Ç°µÄ¾­¼ÃÐÎʽÒÔ¼°´æÔڵĺܶàÎÊÌ⣬ͨ¹ý¶Ô¸÷ÖÖ¾­¼ÃÏÖÏóµÄ·ÖÎöºÍ½²½â£¬ÈÃÎÒÁ˽⵽ºê¹Û¾­¼Ã¸úÎÒÃÇÿ¸öÈ˶¼ÊÇϢϢÏà¹ØµÄ£¬Ëü¾Í´æÔÚÓÚÎÒÃǵÄÉú»îÖ®ÖС£
ͨ¹ý¶Ô¡¶ÍøÂ簲ȫÓëÍøÂçÉç»áÖÎÀí¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÈÃÎÒÁ˽⵽Ïֽ׶ÎÎÒ¹ú»¥ÁªÍø·¢Õ¹ÏÖ×´ºÍÌصãÒÔ¼°´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌ⣬»¥ÁªÍø²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢µÄΣº¦Óú¼ÓÌåÏÖ£¬¼ÓÇ¿ÍøÂç´«²¥µÄ¹ÜÀíºÍ»¥ÁªÍø²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢µÄÖÎÀíÊÆÔÚ±ØÐУ¬ÎÒÃDZØÐëÐж¯ÆðÀ´£¬¼ÓÈë¾»»¯ÍøÂç»·¾³ÖÐÈ¥£¬Îª¸ü¶àµÄÈËÓªÔì¸É¾»µÄÍøÂç»·¾³£¬Òýµ¼ÈËÃÇÊ÷Á¢ÕýÈ·µÄÐËȤ°®ºÃ¡£
ͨ¹ý¶Ô¡¶¹¤³ÌÏîÄ¿¹ÜÀí¡·ºÍ¡¶½¨Öþ²ÄÁÏ¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÈÏʶµ½Á˹¤³ÌÏîÄ¿¹ÜÀíµÄÖØÒª×÷Óú͹¤³ÌÏîÄ¿¹ÜÀíµÄ·½·¨¡£¶Ô½¨Öþ²ÄÁÏÖеĸֲĺͻìÄýÍÁÓÐÁËȫеÄÈÏʶ£¬¶ÔÆäÀàÐͺÍÏà¹ØÌØÐÔ£¬¼ì²â·½·¨µÈ¶¼ÓÐÁËÉî¿ÌµÄÈÏʶ¡£
ͨ¹ýÕâ´Îרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýµÄѧϰ£¬ÎÒ¿ªÀ«ÁËÊÓÒ°£¬ÍØ¿íÁË˼ά£¬Îª½ñºó¸üºÃµØ¹¤×÷´¢±¸ÁË֪ʶ¡£½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ßÁËÕþÖÎÐÞÑø£¬Ç¿»¯
ÁËÀíÂÛËØÖÊ£¬¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ·¢¾õÁË×Ô¼ºµÄȱµãºÍ²»×㣬Ëæ×ÅÊÀ½ç¿Æѧ¼¼ÊõµÄÍ»·ÉÃͽø£¬×ۺϹúÁ¦¾ºÕùµÄÈÕÇ÷¼¤ÁÒ£¬Éç»á¶ÔÈ˲ŵÄÐèÇóÔ½À´Ô½Ç¿ÁÒ£¬¶ÔÈ˲ÅËØÖʵÄÒªÇóÒ²Ô½À´Ô½¸ß¡£Ò»¸öÈËÒªÏëÔÚÖ°ÒµÉúÑÄÖеõ½¸üºÃµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¾Í±ØÐë¾ß±¸¸ü¼ÓÓÅÐãµÄËØÖÊ¡£Í¨¹ýÕâ´Îרҵ֪ʶµÄÅàѵѧϰ£¬Ê¹ÎÒ¸ü¼ÓÇåÐѵÄÈÏʶµ½×Ô¼ººÍÓÅÐãµÄ²î¾à¡£ÔÚÒÔºóµÄ¹¤×÷Óëѧϰµ±ÖУ¬ÎÒ±ØÐëҪŬÁ¦ÌáÉý×Ô¼ºµÄ֪ʶËØÖÊ¡¢ÄÜÁ¦ËØÖÊ¡¢ÐÄÀíËØÖʺÍÉíÌåËØÖÊ£¬Öð²½·¢ÏÖ×Ô¼º£¬ÌáÉý×Ô¼º£¬·¢Õ¹×Ô¼º£¬ÔÚʵ¼ùÖ⻶ÏÍêÉÆ×Ô¼ºµÄÐÞÑø£¬Îª±¾×¨ÒµµÄ¸üºÃ·¢Õ¹¹±Ï××Ô¼ºµÄ΢±¡Ö®Á¦¡£Æª¶þ£º×¨Òµ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵÐĵÃÌå»á
רҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵÐĵÃÌå»á
ÓÜÖÐÏØÖÐÁ¬´¨Ñ§Çø ½¯³¤ÁÖ
ÎҲμÓÁËÀ¼ÖÝÊÐ2014Äêרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵ¡£ÔÚÅàѵ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Í¨¹ýÈÏÕæ×ö±Ê¼Ç¡¢¼°Ê±Íê³É¿Îºó˼¿¼Ì⣬²¢Ôڿκó¼°Ê±ÏÂÔؽ²Ê¦µÄ½²ÒåÔÙѧϰµÈÐÎʽ£¬ÍêÂúµÄÍê³ÉÁ˸÷ÏîѧϰÈÎÎñ¡£Í¨¹ý±¾´Îѧϰ£¬Ê¹ÎÒ²»¶ÏÌá¸ß×ÔÉíÀíÂÛˮƽºÍרҵ¼¼ÄÜ£¬¶ÔȺÖÚ·Ïß½ÌÓýʵ¼ù»î¶¯¡¢Ë«´´¡¢µØÓòÎÄ»¯¡¢¹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÈÄÚÈÝÓÐÁËÉî²ã´ÎµÄÁ˽⡣Õâ´ÎÅàѵѧϰÓÐÖúÓÚÎÒÔÚʵ¼Ê¹¤×÷µ±Öм°Ê±¸üÐÂ֪ʶ¡¢¸üйÛÄÑø³É×ÔÖ÷ѧϰµÄÏ°¹ß£¬½«Ñ§Ï°ÈÕ³£»¯¡¢Éú»î»¯£¬Í¬Ê±Ìá¸ßרҵ¹¤×÷ˮƽ£¬ÍØÕ¹Á˹¤×÷˼·£¬ÔöÇ¿Á˽â¾öʵ¼ÊÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬¸üºÃµÃΪ¼Ì³ÐºÍ´´Ð´«Í³ÎÄ»¯£¬·¢Õ¹ºÍÍƹãÀ¼ÖݵĵØÓòÎÄ»¯×ö³ö¹±Ïס£
Ò»¡¢¶Ô¡°µ³µÄȺÖÚ·Ïß½ÌÓýʵ¼ù»î¶¯¡±ÒÔ¼°À¼ÖÝ¡°Ë«´´¡±»î¶¯¸üÓÐÁ˸üÉîÈëµÄѧϰºÍÁ˽⡣
¶þ¡¢Á˽âÁ˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄ±ØÒªÐÔ£¬Ñ§Ï°Á˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄ¼¼ÇÉ¡£
ͨ¹ýѧϰÈÃÎÒÈÏʶµ½Á˹µÍ¨ÓëЭµ÷µÄÖØÒª×÷Óã¬ÈÃÎÒÈÏʶµ½¹µÍ¨ÊÇÈËÓëÈËÏ໥֮¼ä´«µÝ£¬½»Á÷¸÷ÖÖÐÅÏ¢¡¢¹ÛÄ˼Ïë¡¢¸ÐÇ飬ÒÔ½¨Á¢ºÍ¹®¹ÌÈ˼ʹØϵµÄ×ۺϣ»ÊÇÉç»á×éÖ¯Ö®¼äÏ໥½»»»ÐÅÏ¢ÒÔά³Ö×éÖ¯Õý³£ÔËÐеĹý³Ì¡£Ð­µ÷ÊÇÐÐÕþ¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±ÔÚÆäÖ°Ôð·¶Î§ÄÚ»òÔÚÁìµ¼µÄÊÚȨÏ£¬µ÷ÕûºÍ¸ÄÉÆ×éÖ¯Ö®¼ä£¬¹¤×÷Ö®¼ä£¬È˼ÊÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬´Ùʹ¸÷ÖֻÇ÷Ïòͬ²½»¯ÓëºÍг»¯£¬ÒÔʵÏÖ¹²Í¬Ä¿±êµÄ¹ý³Ì¡£Í¨¹ýѧϰÈÃÎÒ·¢ÏÖ×Ô¼º»¹ÓÐÐí¶àÐèÒª¸Ä½øºÍÌá¸ßµÄµØ·½£¬ÌرðÊǹµÍ¨Ð­µ÷·½ÃæÈÔ´æÔÚ²»×㣬È粻ͬ¹¤×÷¡¢²»Í¬½Ç¶È¡¢²»Í¬ÔÄÀú¡¢²»Í¬ÐÔ¸ñµÄ¸öÌå¶Ô¹µÍ¨µÄÈÏʶºÍÀí½â²»ÉõÏàͬ£¬²ÉÈ¡µÄ¼¼ÇÉ¡¢¹µÍ¨·½Ê½¡¢·½·¨Ò²²»¾¡Ïàͬ£¬ÕâЩÌØÉ«ºÍ·½·¨²»ÊÇÎÞ×ÖÌìÊ飬¶øÊÇ´ó¼Ò¹¤×÷¾­ÑéµÄ»ýÀÛ¡¢¹µÍ¨Ï¸½ÚµÄ°ÑÎÕ¡¢¹µÍ¨ÖªÊ¶µÄ»ýµí£¬Í¨¹ýѧϰÊÇ¿ÉÒÔÅàÑøºÍÌá¸ßµÄ¡£
Èý¡¢¶ÔÏà¹Øרҵ֪ʶµÄѧϰºÍÁ˽⡣
ͨ¹ý¶Ô¡¶µ±Ç°ÎÒ¹úºê¹Û¾­¼ÃÐÎÊÆ·ÖÎöÓëÕ¹Íû¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÈÃÎÒÉîÈëÁ˽âÁËÎÒ¹úµ±Ç°µÄ¾­¼ÃÐÎʽÒÔ¼°´æÔڵĺܶàÎÊÌ⣬ͨ¹ý¶Ô¸÷ÖÖ¾­¼ÃÏÖÏóµÄ·ÖÎöºÍ½²½â£¬ÈÃÎÒÁ˽⵽ºê¹Û¾­¼Ã¸úÎÒÃÇÿ¸öÈ˶¼ÊÇϢϢÏà¹ØµÄ£¬Ëü¾Í´æÔÚÓÚÎÒÃǵÄÉú»îÖ®ÖС£
ͨ¹ý¶Ô¡¶ÍøÂ簲ȫÓëÍøÂçÉç»áÖÎÀí¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÈÃÎÒÁ˽⵽Ïֽ׶ÎÎÒ¹ú»¥ÁªÍø·¢Õ¹ÏÖ×´ºÍÌصãÒÔ¼°´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌ⣬»¥ÁªÍø²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢µÄΣº¦Óú¼ÓÌåÏÖ£¬¼ÓÇ¿ÍøÂç´«²¥µÄ¹ÜÀíºÍ»¥ÁªÍø²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢µÄÖÎÀíÊÆÔÚ±ØÐУ¬ÎÒÃDZØÐëÐж¯ÆðÀ´£¬¼ÓÈë¾»»¯ÍøÂç»·¾³ÖÐÈ¥£¬Îª¸ü¶àµÄÈËÓªÔì¸É¾»µÄÍøÂç»·¾³£¬Òýµ¼ÈËÃÇÊ÷Á¢ÕýÈ·µÄÐËȤ°®ºÃ¡£
ͨ¹ýÕâ´Îרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýµÄѧϰ£¬ÎÒ¿ªÀ«ÁËÊÓÒ°£¬ÍØ¿íÁË˼ά£¬Îª½ñºó¸üºÃµØ¹¤×÷´¢±¸ÁË֪ʶ¡£½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ßÁËÕþÖÎÐÞÑø£¬Ç¿»¯ÁËÀíÂÛËØÖÊ£¬¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ·¢¾õÁË×Ô¼ºµÄȱµãºÍ²»×㣬Ëæ×ÅÊÀ½ç¿Æѧ¼¼ÊõµÄÍ»·ÉÃͽø£¬×ۺϹúÁ¦¾ºÕùµÄÈÕÇ÷¼¤ÁÒ£¬Éç»á¶ÔÈ˲ŵÄÐèÇóÔ½À´Ô½Ç¿ÁÒ£¬¶ÔÈ˲ÅËØÖʵÄÒªÇóÒ²Ô½À´Ô½¸ß¡£Ò»¸öÈËÒªÏëÔÚÖ°ÒµÉúÑÄÖеõ½¸üºÃµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¾Í±ØÐë¾ß±¸¸ü¼ÓÓÅÐãµÄËØÖÊ¡£Í¨¹ýÕâ´Îרҵ֪ʶµÄÅàѵѧϰ£¬Ê¹ÎÒ¸ü¼ÓÇåÐѵÄÈÏʶµ½×Ô¼ººÍÓÅÐãµÄ²î¾à¡£ÔÚÒÔºóµÄ¹¤×÷Óëѧϰµ±ÖУ¬ÎÒ±ØÐëҪŬÁ¦ÌáÉý×Ô¼ºµÄ֪ʶËØÖÊ¡¢ÄÜÁ¦ËØÖÊ¡¢ÐÄÀíËØÖʺÍÉíÌåËØÖÊ£¬Öð²½·¢ÏÖ×Ô¼º£¬ÌáÉý×Ô¼º£¬·¢Õ¹×Ô¼º£¬ÔÚʵ¼ùÖ⻶ÏÍêÉÆ×Ô¼ºµÄÐÞÑø£¬Îª±¾×¨ÒµµÄ¸üºÃ·¢Õ¹¹±Ï××Ô¼ºµÄ΢±¡Ö®Á¦¡£ÆªÈý£º×¨Òµ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵÐĵÃÌå»á
רҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¼ÌÐø½ÌÓýÅàѵÐĵÃÌå»á
Åàѵǰ£¬×ÜÒÔΪרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¾ÍÓ¦¸ÃÒ»ÐÄÒ»ÒâѧҵÎñ£¬Ì¤Ì¤ÊµÊµ¸ã½¨É裬ÈÏΪѧºÃרҵ֪ʶ£¬Äܹ»½â¾öʵ¼Ê¹¤×÷ÖеľßÌåÎÊÌâ¾ÍÐÐÁË£¬ÆäËüÊÂÓÐÁìµ¼¿¼ÂÇ£¬Ïà¹ØÈËÔ±½â¾ö£¬²»ÓÃ×Ô¼º¹Ü¡£Í¨¹ýÅàѵ֪µÀ£¬×÷Ϊ¹«Â·¹¤³ÌÁìÓòµÄ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±£¬ÌرðÊÇÖи߼¶×¨Òµ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±£¬Ó¦ÒÔרҵ¼¼Êõ֪ʶΪºËÐÄ£¬ÏòÍâÑÓÉìѧϰÏà¹ØµÄ֪ʶ£¬¸üºÃµÄ·þÎñÓÚ±¾Ö°¹¤×÷¡£ÒÔÏîÄ¿½¨ÉèΪÀý£¬Ò»¸öÏîÄ¿µÄʵʩ»áÓи÷ÖÖ×ÊÔ´µÄÏûºÄ£¬ÎÒÃÇÈç¹ûÐèÒª×ÊÔ´ÀûÓÃЧÂÊ×î´ó»¯£¬¾ÍµÃѧϰºÍÁ˽âÑ­»·¾­¼ÃÀíÂÛ£¬¶Ô±ÈÖÐÍâÀàËÆÏîÄ¿µÄÊ©¹¤¾­Ñ飬½áºÏÊ©¹¤Êµ¼Ê£¬Ñ¡Ôñ×îÓŵÄÊ©¹¤·½°¸»ò·½·¨£¬ÔÚʵʩ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬»¹Ó¦ÔÚÒÑÓо­ÑéºÍʵ¼ùµÄ»ù´¡½øÐд󵨴´Ð£¬¶ø´´ÐµÄÁé¸ÐÍùÍùÐèÒªÒ»¸ö¾»»¯Ë¼Ð÷µÄ·ÕΧ£¬ÒÕÊõÍùÍùÊÇÓªÔìÕâÖÖ·ÕΧµÄÓÐЧ¹¤¾ß£¬¿ÉÒÕÊõµÄ¼øÉͺ͸ÐÖªÀë²»¿ªÏà¹Ø֪ʶµÄ»ýµí¡£ÊÂʵ֤Ã÷£¬ÒÕÊõÍùÍùÄܼ¤·¢Ò»¸ö¿Æ¼¼ÈËԱΰ´óµÄ´´ÐÂÁé¸Ð£¬±ÈÈçÖøÃû¿Æѧ¼ÒǮѧɭ£¬
³£³£ÔÚÒôÀÖ»áÖÐÁé¸ÐÓ¿ÏÖ£¬¹¥¿Ë¿Æ¼¼ÄÑÌ⣬´Ó¶øΪÖйúµÄ¿Æ¼¼Ê·ÌíÉÏŨīÖزʵÄÒ»±Ê¡£µ±ÔÚÊ©¹¤Êµ¼ùÖз¢ÏÖз½·¨¡¢Ð²ÄÁÏ£¬×¼±¸·ÖÏí¸øÒµÄÚͬÐÐʱ£¬¾ÍµÃѧϰ¿Æ¼¼ÂÛÎĵÄд×÷·½·¨¼°¼¼ÇÉ£¬°ÑÄãµÄ´´Ð³ɹûÃ÷Ã÷°×°×µÄ±íÊö³öÀ´£¬²ÅÄÜÈÃÓõÄ×ŵÄͬÐп´µÄ¶®¡¢ÄÜʹÓᣵ±È»£¬»¹ÓÐÐí¶àÏà¹ØµÄ֪ʶ£¬¶¼ÐèÒªÎÒÃDz»¶ÏµÄѧϰºÍ»ýÀÛ£¬´Ó¶øºñ»ý±¡·¢£¬ÎªÐÐÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹×ö³ö¸ü´óµÄ¹±Ïס£
¶þ¡¢ºÏ¸ñµÄרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±Ó¦¾ß±¸Á¼ºÃµÄËØÖÊ
½»Í¨½¨É賤ÆÚ¹¤×÷ÓÚÒ°Í⣬ÌرðÔÚÉÂÎ÷ÑÓ°²ÕâÑùµÄ»ÆÍÁ¸ßÔ­µØÇøÐÞ·£¬·­É½Ô½Áë¡¢·ç²Í¶ËÞ²»¿É±ÜÃ⣬»·¾³¶ñÁÓ£¬¹¤×÷ÐÁ¿à¶ø·±ÖØ¡£Öи߼¶×¨Òµ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±´ó¶àÄêÁä½¥³¤£¬ÉíÌå»úÄÜ´¦ÓÚϽµÖÜÆÚ¡£Õâ¾ÍÒªÇóÎÒÃÇÑø³ÉÁ¼ºÃµÄÎÀÉúÐÐΪϰ¹ß£¬Í¬Ê±ÒªÓлý¼«ÏòÉϵÄÐÄ̬¡¢»í´ïµÄ¾«ÉñÃæò£¬¾ßÓÐÊÊÓ¦¸÷ÖÖ»·¾³µÄÉíÌåºÍÐÄÀíËØÖÊ¡£
Èý¡¢ºÏ¸ñµÄרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±Ó¦¾ß±¸Éí´¦Ò»Ïß¡¢ÐÄ»³È«¾ÖµÄÑ۹⠽»Í¨ÁìÓòרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±µÄ¹¤×÷×÷Ϊ¹¤³Ì½¨ÉèÁìÓòµÄÖØÒªÒ»»·£¬¿´ÆðÀ´¸ÉµÄÊǺܾßÌåµÄÊ£¬È´¹Øϵȫ¾Ö£¬ÐÞµÄÊÇ·ÇÅ£¬Ó°ÏìµÄÊÇÉç»á¾­¼ÃµÈ¸÷¸ö·½Ãæ¡£¹¤³ÌµÄÔì¼Û¡¢ÖÊÁ¿¡¢½ø¶È¡¢°²È«¡¢»·±£¡¢½ÚÔ¼µÈ¶¼Éæ¼°¹ú¼ÆÃñÉú¡£ÈçºÎ´¦ÀíºÃËüÃǵĹØϵÊÇÖи߼¶×¨Òµ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±±ØÐëÃæ¶ÔµÄ¿ÎÌ⣬ÎÒÃÇÖ»ÓÐÒÔÈ«¾ÖµÄÑÛ¹âΪָÒý£¬×¨ÒµÖªÊ¶Îª»ù´¡£¬ÓÃÑϽ÷·ÖÎö±È½ÏµÄ·½·¨£¬×ö³ö¿Æѧ¡¢¸ßЧ¡¢ÖÊÓŵļ¼Êõ·½°¸ºÍ½¨ÒéÊ飬ΪÁìµ¼¾ö²ßÌṩÒÀ¾Ý£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÐÒåÎñÌáÐÑ»òÖÆÖ¹¾ö²ß²ã²»×ñÕÕ¼¼Êõ¹æÂɵÄäĿ¾ö²ß¡£ÎªÐÐÒµ¿Æѧ·¢Õ¹ºÍ´´Ð´òÏÂʵʵÔÚÔڵĻù´¡¡£
ËÄ¡¢µ±Ç°¾­¼Ã¡¢ÕþÖÎÐÎÊÆϸüÓ¦ÓÃÐÄ×öºÃ±¾Ö°¹¤×÷
ºú½õÌÎ×ÜÊé¼ÇÔÚÊ®Æß½ìÖÐÑë¼ÍίÆß´ÎÈ«»áÉÏÇ¿µ÷£¬È«µ³¶¼Òª´Óµ³ºÍÈËÃñÊÂÒµ·¢Õ¹µÄ¸ß¶È£¬´ÓÓ¦¶ÔÐÂÐÎÊÆϵ³ÃæÁٵķçÏÕºÍÌôÕ½³ö·¢£¬³ä·ÖÈÏʶ±£³Öµ³µÄ´¿½àÐԵļ«¶ËÖØÒªÐԺͽôÆÈÐÔ£¬²»¶ÏÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÒâʶ¡¢ÕþÖÎÒâʶ¡¢Î£»úÒâʶ¡¢ÔðÈÎÒâʶ£¬ÇÐʵ×öºÃ±£³Öµ³µÄ´¿½àÐÔ¸÷Ï×÷¡£ÔÚÐÂÐÎÊÆÏ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸Ã¿´ÇåÉç»áÐÎÊƺÍ×ÔÉí·¢Õ¹µÄ¹Øϵ£¬´¦ÀíºÃÍâÀ´³å»÷¶Ô×ÔÉíÔì³ÉµÄÓ°ÏìµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÕýÈç³ѸÔø˵¹ý£¬Ó¦¸Ã¡°È¡Æ侫»ª£¬È¥ÆäÔãÆÉ¡±¡£È·Á¢Ò»¸öÃ÷È·µÄÉú»îÄ¿±ê£¬Ñ§Ï°ÏȽøµÄ˼Ï룬¿´ÇåÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇ×ÔÉíËù´¦µÄ»·¾³£¬ÖªµÀÏÖ´úÉç»á·¢Õ¹µÄ·½Ïò£¬×ÔÈ»¾Í»áÓнôÆȸкÍÉç»áʹÃü¸Ð¡£Ò»¸öÉç»áµÄ²»ºÃÐèÒªÈËÈ¥¸ÄÔ죬һ¸öÉç»áÒªÏòºÃµÄ·½Ïò·¢Õ¹ÐèÒªÓÐÈËÈ¥Íƶ¯£¬Ò»ÈºÈËÒªÒ»Æð´´½¨Ò»¸ö¸»Ç¿µÄÉç»áÐèÒªÈËÁìµ¼£¬ÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸ÃºÃºÃ¿´ÇåÉç»áÐÎÊÆ£¬ÍŽáÔÚÖйú¹²²úµ³ÖÜΧ£¬ÔÚÖйú¹²²úµ³µÄÁìµ¼ÏÂ×öºÃ×Ô¼ºµÄ±¾Ö°¹¤×÷¡£²»ÒªÃ¤Ä¿¸ú·ç£¬¿´ÇåʲôÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ£¬Ê²Ã´ÊÇ´íÎóµÄ£¬Ê²Ã´ÊǶÔÈËÃñÓÐÒæµÄ£¬Ê²Ã´ÊǶÔÈËÃñÓк¦µÄ¡£ ͨ¹ýÕâ´ÎÅàѵ£¬¿ªÀ©ÁËÊÓÒ°£¬ÌáÉýÁËÈÏʶµÄ¸ß¶È£¬×÷Ϊרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±½úÉýÖ°³ÆÇ°µÄÅàѵ£¬¶Ôµ¥Î»¶øÑÔÊDZØÒªµÄ£¬¶Ô¸öÈËÀ´ËµÊÇÖµµÃµÄ¡£