2015届高考英语第一轮知识点演练检测题91.doc

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Module 4　Great Scientists

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Up to now，large quantities of food ________ to Africa to save the starving people.
A．is sent B．has been sent
C．have been sent D．are sent
答案　C　[句意：到目前为止，已有大量的粮食被送往非洲以拯救饥民。up to now通常与现在完成时连用；“large quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数形式。]
2．China has achieved a marvelous breakthrough in the past few years，________ second in the world market.
A．ranking B．ranked
C．having ranked D．to rank
答案　A　[句意：中国在过去的几年中取得了巨大的突破，在世界市场中名列第二。ranking second in the world market是现在分词短语，在句中作结果状语。]
3．(2014·长春模拟)I ________ him in time，otherwise he would have fallen off the bike.
A．had supported B．supported
C．have supported D．support
答案　B　[考查动词的时态。句意：我及时扶住了他，不然的话，他会从自行车上掉下来。由后半句中的“would have fallen”可知，此处应用一般过去时。]
4．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key ________ the problem is to meet the demand ________ by the customers.
A．to solving; making B．to solving; made
C．to solve; making D．to solve; made
答案　B　[考查非谓语动词。句意：——你怎么处理公司和消费者之间的分歧？——解决问题的关键在于满足消费者提出的要求。the key to意为“……的关键”，其后要接动名词；make与demand之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词。]
5．“Justice has long arms.” Those who break the law will not escape ________．
A．to punish B．to be punished
C．punishing D．being punished
答案　D　[句意：“天网恢恢，疏而不漏。”触犯了法律的人是逃脱不了惩罚的。escape意为“逃避；逃脱”，后跟动词­ing形式作宾语。因punish与主语those之间是被动关系，因此用动词­ing形式的被动形式。]
6．(2014·雅安一诊)He will have had a half of the shares of the company when he ________ from college.
A．will graduate B．is graduated
C．will be graduated D．graduates
答案　D　[句意：大学毕业时，他将拥有这家公司一半的股份。graduate意为“毕业”，不用于被动语态。在时间或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。]
7．—Hi，Tina，can I use your car for a while this afternoon?
—Sorry，________．
A．it's repaired B．it has been repaired
C．it's being repaired D．it had been repaired
答案　C　[句意：“嗨，蒂娜，今天下午我可以用一会你的车吗？”“对不起，它还在修理着呢。”根据语意应该用现在进行时的被动语态。]
8．(2014·安徽江南十校联考)“Mary，don't take it ________ when your teacher makes some general and unpopular remarks in class. Just try your best.” said her mother.
A．typically B．exactly
C．actually D．personally
答案　D　[考查副词辨析。句意：玛丽，当老师在课堂上说一些泛指的、大家不愿听的话时，不要认为那是针对你而不高兴。尽力而为就行。根据句意可知，此处所选的词与题干中的general构成对比，所以选D，personally意为“针对个人地”。]
9．(2014·浙江宁波八校高三联考)A housing bubble is an economic situation ________ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.
A．which B．where C．what D．why
答案　A　[考查定语从句。指物的先行词situation在从句中作谓语动词occur的主语，所以用关系代词which。句意：房地产泡沫是房价增长过快时出现的一种经济形势。]
10．—Which one of these do you want?
—________．Either will do.
A．I don't mind B．I'm sure
C．No problem D．Go ahead
答案　A　[考查情景交际。句意：——在这些中你想要哪一个？——我不介意。任意一个都行。I don't mind我不介意；I'm sure我肯定；No problem没问题；Go ahead请说吧/做吧。根据Either will do.可知，说话者不介意。故选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Dear Santa，
It has been quite some time since I wrote to you myself.__1__ ，my children send you their wish lists but this year I decided to write to you __2__ with a couple of wishes of my own.I'm not __3__ if the economic crisis has hit the North Pole，so you may or may not know __4__ my wishes are coming from this Christmas season.
My first wish for this Christmas is for my husband to get his __5__ back.You see，when the economic crisis hit us，we had hoped that we would __6__ because he is a construction worker.We were __7__ and soon enough the company he was working for went under which means he was laid off and had to start collecting __8__ benefit just so we could meet our bills each month.Or maybe you are __9__？ My husband can act as good as any of the elves.I'd even be willing to make him a pair of elf slippers so he could __10__．
The next wish on my Christmas list is for my family.Each of them has __11__ in their own way with the economic crisis.Maybe if you could fix the __12__，just a little，healthcare is __13__ to everyone who needs it.My dad，mom and sister would use it a little.
The last __14__ on my list is that you make sure each kid who can't __15__ a toy this year gets one and that you __16__ people to donate to Toys for Tots.I can't imagine what it would feel like not to get __17__ on Christmas.
That is all I ask for now.I hope that you and Mrs Claus have a __18__ Christmas.Be sure to __19__ by my house for milk and cookies.I __20__ we will have goodies for the reindeer too.
All the best!
Linda
【解题导语】　本文是一个妇女写给圣诞老人的信，希望圣诞老人能满足她的三个愿望。
1．A.Entirely B．Actually C．Normally D．Briefly
答案　C　[根据my children send you their wish lists可知给圣诞老人写信，通常来说是小孩子的行为。]
2．A.selflessly B．personally
C．frequently D．deliberately
答案　B　[但是今年，作者决定亲自给圣诞老人写信，希望圣诞老人能满足她自己的愿望。]
3．A.afraid B．angry
C．sure D．grateful
答案　C　[根据句中的if the economic crisis has hit the North Pole可知作者不确定经济危机是否也波及了北极。]
4．A.where B．why C．if D．when
答案　A　[所以作者认为圣诞老人可能知道也可能不知道她的心愿来源于哪里。]
5．A.money B．job C．chance D．energy
答案　B　[根据下文所说的丈夫失业，可知作者的第一个愿望是希望她的丈夫能找回工作。]
6．A.give out B．work out
C．stand out D．pull through
答案　D　[根据句中的because he is a construction worker可知作者本来以为他们能挺过去。]
7．A.wrong B．happy C．lucky D．surprised
答案　A　[根据句中的the company he was working for went under可知作者错了。]
8．A.application B．reception
C．unemployment D．adjustment
答案　C　[根据句中的so we could meet our bills each month可知作者的丈夫靠领取失业金过日子。]
9．A.hiring B．competing
C．bargaining D．appealing
答案　A　[根据下文的My husband can act as good as any of the elves.可知作者在问圣诞老人是否招聘。]
10．A.blow up B．set up
C．laugh at D．fit in
答案　D　[根据句中的make him a pair of elf slippers可知作者甚至愿意给他做一双小精灵的拖鞋，让他看起来更合适。]
11．A.benefited B．suffered
C．succeeded D．escaped
答案　B　[因为经济危机，所以作者家里的每个人都遭受了一些痛苦。]
12．A.universe B．effect C．economy D．measure
答案　C　[所以如果圣诞老人能修复经济，哪怕只一点点。]
13．A.comfortable B．effective
C．available D．practical
答案　C　[这样，需要得到卫生保健的人就能得到。]
14．A.command B．topic
C．determination D．request
答案　D　[上文已提了两个愿望，这里指作者最后一个愿望。]
15．A.afford B．design C．select D．borrow
答案　A　[她希望那些买不起圣诞节礼物的孩子能得到一个礼物。]
16．A.frighten B．encourage C．consult D．replace
答案　B　[所以作者希望圣诞老人鼓励人们向Toys for Tots捐赠。]
17．A.anyone B．someone C．something D．anything
答案　D　[作者无法想象不能收到任何礼物的圣诞节是什么样子。]
18．A.regretful B．wonderful C．common D．balanced
答案　B　[作者祝福圣诞老人一家能有一个美好的圣诞节。]
19．A.stop B．fly C．wait D．run
答案　A　[同时，她让圣诞老人一定要在她家门停留，喝牛奶和吃饼干。]
20．A.predict B．insist
C．promise D．doubt
答案　C　[而且她保证也给驯鹿们准备了点心。]
Ⅲ.阅读表达
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到题后相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
Americans think that travel is good for you.Some even think it can help one of the country's worst problems－crime.Crime worries a lot of people.Every year，the number of crimes goes up and up.And many criminals(罪犯) are young.They often come from sad homes，withonly one parent or no parents at all.There are many young criminals in prison.But prison doesn't change them.Six or seven in ten will go back to crime when they come out of prison. One man，Bob Burton，thought of a new idea.In the old days，young men had to live a difficult life on the road.They learned to be strong and brave，and to help their friends in danger.This helped them to grow into men.So Bob Burton started“Vision Quest”．He takes young criminals on a long，long journey with horses and wagons(马车)，3，000 miles through seven states.They are on the road for more than a year. The young people on Vision Quest all have bad problems.Most of them have already spent time in prison.This is their last chance.It's hard work on the road.The work starts before the sun comes up.The boys and girls have to feed the horses.Some of them have never loved anyone before，but they can love their horse.That love can help them to start a new life. Not all the young people on Vision Quest will leave__crime__behind__them．Three or four in ten will one day be in prison again.Bob Burton is right.Travel can be good for you.Even today，Americans still say，“Go west，young man.”
1．Why do some Americans think travel is good for you？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Where are many young criminals from usually？(no more than 18 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. How many young criminals may commit a crime again after coming out of prison? (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．What do you think of the meaning of the travel to the young men in the old days according to the passage? (no more than 25 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．What does “leave crime behind them” mean? (no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案　1.Travel is helpful for solving crime problems.
2．They often come from sad homes，withonly one parent or no parents at all.
3．Six or seven in ten.
4．The young men learned to be strong and brave and to help others in danger，which could help them grow into men.
5．no longer do a crime

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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