2016届高考英语知识点能力选练试题5.doc

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浙江宁波市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）基础选练（1）及答案

【2015高考复习】阅读理解
During the school year many parents take on the role of driver as they drive their children from one lesson to another.Understandably so.Many of us want our children to have a little taste of everything，from organized sports to music，dance and more.But we can overdo it，leaving our children feeling a little burnt out，and according to parent educator Diane Loisie，it’s their school work that suffers the most，“After school，if they’re busy in a number of sporting events，besides，they need to do their homework，then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom.Your child needs free time.So if you’re filling up that after school time，then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break.”
Professor Claire McDermott agrees that there’s a lot to be gained from sometimes putting those scheduled lessons and activities away.“Relaxing time is important for children.It’s time just to do the things they want to do.Children can go up to their room，or they can play around.It doesn’t look like productive time；parents certainly wouldn’t be saying ‘Wow，are they ever learning things now？’ But this relaxing time gives both the body and the brain just a wonderful chance to relax after a day.It helps a child prepare for sleep，but it also helps to understand the learning that’s gone on that day.”
It’s hard to prevent signing our kids up for some activities and lessons.After all，many of us want our children to have a head start in life and the chance to join in great activities in the arts or sports is part of that.However，Loisie feels that in the long run most children feel better with just a few key activities because it gives them an opportunity to master them.“When we get our children in too many activities because we want our children to experience everything，then what we’re doing is setting them up not to be good at one thing or gain a skill.” So choose your children’s activities wisely.It may be one of the best things you’ve ever done for your kids and for the family drivers!
【语篇解读】　为了孩子的成长，父母煞费苦心，可是，这么做对孩子有益吗？艺在精而不在多，明智地为孩子选择适合他们自身的活动才是对他们最好的呵护。
5．What is the biggest disadvantage for children to attend too many lessons after school?
A．They can get bored easily about everything.
B．They might have no time to do the homework.
C．They might not pay much attention to learning.
D．They can not easily focus on learning during the day.
解析　推理判断题。结合第一段后半部分中的“then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom”以及“then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break”可推知，如果孩子们放学后上太多的课，白天他们就不容易集中精力学习。
答案　D
6．What does Professor Claire McDermott think of children’s playing around?
A．It is productive.　　 B．It is a bad habit.
C．It is helpful.　　 D．It is a waste of time.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句的内容可知Claire McDermott教授认为孩子们玩耍是有益处的。
答案　C
7．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Don’t be children’s drivers after school.
B．Let children learn something from various subjects.
C．Make your children learn as much as possible.
D．Choose activities for your children wisely.
解析　主旨大意题。最后一段是对文章主题的归纳，结合本段后半部分的内容，尤其是倒数第二句可知本文意在倡导父母明智地为孩子选择活动。
答案　D

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Limit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion(拥挤) during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday.
Professor Nigel Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was "supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games", saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the approach.
The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress.
Sharing Wilson's view, Dr. Yoshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through incentives.
"Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points," he said, "and the points could be exchanged for goods from online shopping."
Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. "Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles," he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London.
Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, said the bicycle was China's advantage. "Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution," he said. "The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars."
Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobiles, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day.
Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-kilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games.
“We are looking forward to borrowing Beijing's experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics,” said Wetzel. 
16. The underlined word incentives in paragraph 4 means_______.
A. something that encourages people to try B. online shopping
C. points could be exchanged for goods D. award
17. It can be seen from the passage that ______.
A. the government planned to forbid over 1 million cars to run on the roads during the Olympics.
B. banning private cars is the best way to solve traffic congestion in Beijing
C. Beijing now has 200 kilometers of city railway
D. the use of company cars will not be limited
18. Why did Wetzel stress “ he himself is a bicycle-rider in London”?
A. To limit the use of company cars.
B. To encourage governmental officials to use public transportation or ride bicycles.
C. To show that riding bicycles is good for health.
D. To show that he loves riding bicycles.
19. Which of the following may be the reason for the traffic congestion in Beijing?
A. The 2008 Beijing Olympic games.
B. The number of cars in Beijing is rising by 1,000 a day.
C. The large population in Beijing and the large number of cars.
D. Public transport in Beijing is not efficient.
20. The purpose of the passage is ________.
A. to limit the use of private cars, improve public transport
B. to encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics
C. to borrow Beijing's experiences and draw from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics
D. to tell the advice given by foreign experts on traffic congestion during 2008 Beijing Olympics
[全解全析] 本文报道了外国专家对解决2008北京奥运会交通拥挤问题所提出的一些建议。
A 词义猜测题。由下面两行可知答案。
A 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知答案。
B 推理判断题。他以自己为例子就是鼓励政府官员多用公共交通工具或多骑自行车。
C 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段可知答案。
D 推理判断题。文章第一段就是文章的主旨。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
【2013广东省广州市调研测试】A
When Luca first heard of the Island of Inventions, he was still very young. But its wonders sounded so incredible that they were forever burned in his memory. From that moment, he never stopped searching for clues which might lead him to the island. He read hundreds of adventure books, histories, volumes of physics and chemistry, even music.
Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like. It was a secret place, where all the great wise men of the world would meet to learn and invent together. Access to the island was totally restricted. To join, you had to have created some great invention for humanity. Only then could you receive the special invitation — which came with directions to the island.
So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were something he didn't understand, he’d seek others to help him. Soon he met other young inventors and he told them about the Island of Inventions. They too dreamed of one day receiving an invitation letter.
As years passed, the disappointment of not receiving their invitation made Luca and his friends work harder and co-operate more. They would meet in Luca's house, share their ideas and build new machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions.
But still, no invitation came.
They didn’t lose heart. They continued learning and inventing every day, trying to come up with more and better ideas. Fresh young talent joined their group, as more inventors dreamed of getting to the island.
One day many years later, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man named Roberts, who had written to him, asking him to join the group. Luca started telling the man of the wonderful Island of Inventions, and of how he was sure that some day they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor interrupted:
“You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions? Isn't the letter you sent me the real invitation?”
It was only then that Luca realised that his dream had become true in his very own house. No island could exist which would be better than where he was now. No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.
26. Luca’s picture of the Island of Inventions was mainly based on ________.
A. scientific research B. his imagination
C. reports of others D. history books
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like.他主要根据自己的想象画出了图画，故选B。
27. Why did Luca and his colleagues probably never receive an invitation to the island?
A. Their ideas were not considered worthy enough.
B. They were too concerned with acquiring fame.
C. The organization had already broken up.
D. The island was not a real place.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据“You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions?No island could exist which would be better than where he was now.那个岛根本就不存在，故选D。
28. What was Roberts’ reaction to Luca’s story of the island?
A. He thought he had already arrived at the island.
B. He was disappointed to discover it didn’t exist.
C. He was excited about receiving an invitation.
D. He expressed surprise that Luca believed in such fairy tales.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据“You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions? Isn't the letter you sent me the real invitation?” 他原认为他来到了真正的那个Island of Inventions岛，故选A。
29. What did Luca learn at the end of the story?
A. The island of inventions did not exist.
B. He had wasted most of his life.
C. He had unknowingly built his own dreamland.
D. He finally would receive his invitation.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.他已经不知不觉地创造了自己的梦境。故选C。
30. Which of the following best describes Luca?
A. Aggressive. B. Trusting. C. Creative. D. Easy-going.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。aggressive有进取心的； trusting信赖的； creative创造性的；easy-going随和的。根据短文的内容可知Luca根据自己的想象画出来了图画，并且创造了许多发明，故选C。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.
Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals — many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
1 We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.
A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody
B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up
C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948
D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers
2 What do we know about the NHS?
A. It’s managed by the central government.
B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.
C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.
3. All the following stat