考研英语 完形填空.pdf
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1、考研英语完形填空真题解析Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,intellectual,and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can be best 22 such changes.Growing bodies need movement and 23,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.24 they are adjustin
2、g to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others.However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much c
3、ompetition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,28,publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,29 student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership,as well as for p
4、ractice in successful 31 dynamics.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans.A vari
5、ety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37.This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitm
6、ent by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.21.A thoughtBideaC opinionD advice22.A strengthenB accommodateC stimulateD enhance23.A careB nutritionC exerciseD leisure24.A IfB AlthoughC WhereasD Because25.A assistanceB guidanceC confidenceD
7、 tolerance26.A claimedB admiredC ignoredD surpassed27.A improperB riskyC fairD wise28.A in effectB as a resultC fbr exampleD in a sense29.A displayingB describingC creatingD exchanging30.A durableB excessiveC surplusD multiple31.A groupB individualC personnelD corporation32.A consentB insuranceC adm
8、issionD security33.A particularlyB barelyC definitelyD rarely34.A similarfB longC dif!erentD short35.A if onlyB now thatC so thatD even if36.A everythingB anythingC nothingD something37.A offB downC outD alone38.A On the contraryC On the wholeB On the averageD On the other hand39.A makingB standingC
9、 planningD taking40.A capabilityB responsibilityC proficiencyD efficiency文章背景这是一篇讲述关于如何帮助青少年适应变化的社科类议论文。主要介绍了老师需要了解 青少年经历的情感、智力和身体上的变化。他们还需要认真思考他们如何才能够最好地适应 这些变化。成长中的身体需要运动和锻炼,但并不只是通过强调竞争的方法来锻炼。因为他 们正在适应他们身体的新变化和许多新的智力和情感挑战,青少年特别敏感,他们需要信心,这种信心来自于取得成功并知道别人羡慕他们的成就。答案详解21.【解析】A语义辨析/固定搭配题。第二句中的And说明该句是对
10、上句的补充,be aware of 意识到,想到与A项thought思考,思想意思一致,而与B项idea 主意,观点,想法,C项opinion”意见和D项advice 建议不相照应;四个词都可以和give连用,但是idea和opinion是可数名词,前面需要不定冠词an,而give an idea to和give an opinion to的对象都应是人。D干扰性最大,容易选错,但是give advice to的对象也应该是人,而 要想与后面的how从句衔接则必须使用介词on,故不正确。22【解析】B语义辨析题。根据原文的含义,教师应该关注的是如何能够使他们(young adults)很好地适
11、应这些变化。此题的难点在于对accommodate一词词义的理解,可能很多 考生只了解它的第一个意思提供住宿,而不熟悉另外两个重要的意思是使满意;使适应。此题的选择还有一个重要的线索,就是紧接着下文中的adjust to(适应),二者语义相近。23.【解析】C语义辨析题。本题目选择名词,在句子中充当宾语。Growing bodies need movement and,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.并列连词 and 确定空格处的词 汇与movement相似或者属于同类事物;转折词but not指示方向,but not just
12、in ways that emphasize competition.确定要选择的名词是一种运动竞技项目。不难发现,四个选项中只有C.exercise表示练习,锻炼”,是一种竞技运动。因此,正确答案是B.exercise练习。24.解析D逻辑关系题。they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self conscious and.从句they are adjusting to their
13、new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,.青少年正在适应新的身体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战;主句teenagers are especially self conscious他们的自我意识强.不难发现,两个句子是因果关系。因此,正确答案为 D.because o 句子Becauce they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,te
14、enagers are especially self conscious and”因为青少 年正在适应新的身体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战,所以他们的自我意识强并且。”25.【解析】C语义衔接题。本题目选择名词,后面的定语从句提供信息选择答案。顺着上一题的线索:句子叙述到 Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self conscious and need the
15、that comes from achieving success and knowing o 并列连词 and 确定供选的词汇与 self conscious并列,表示一种性格特征;定语从句that comes from achieving success”取得成 功所需要的,限定该词汇的性质。他们所需要的是来自于取得成功被别人钦佩的信 心”。因此,正确答案为C。26.【解析】B语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的过去分词形式,在句子中构成被动语 态,充当谓语动词 o 句子叙述至Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole ho
16、st of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments areby others.”因为他们正在调整自己以适应身体的变化和许多新的智力上和情感上的挑战,所以 他们自我意识很强并且需要信心,这种信心来自于他们所取得的成功以及他们的成就被别 人。句子中的主语提供信息决定答案。顺着上一题的线
17、索,此处关键在于 accomplishments和什么动词搭配。从上文已经推定此处动词的意思应为钦佩,崇拜,所以 选 B.admired.27【解析】D语义衔接题。本题目选择形容词,在句子中充当表语。句子叙述到However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would beto plan activities in which there are more winners than losers然而,典型的青年人的生活方式已经充 满了如此众多的竞争,那么组织一些赢者
18、多于输家的活动是之举。句子中it”是形式 主语,不定式短语 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers”是真正的主 语,主语提供信息决定答案。A.improper不合适的和B.risky冒险的是否定的意义,与整 个句意不符;C.fhir”公平的,这里讨论的是行为的性质,与公平与否无关。所以选D.wise。28【解析】C逻辑关系题。本题目选择逻辑关系词,体现前后的逻辑关系。句子叙 述至lj However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so
19、 much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews,.空格后面列举了几个并列结构,不难 发现该逻辑关系为举例列举。选项前后是例证关系,后面列举的行为均属于用来具体说明前 面的activities,形成照应关系。选项A.in effect事实上;B.as a result结果是;C.for example 例如;D.ina
20、sense从某种意义上说。因此,正确答案为C.for example例如。”然而,典型的 青少年生活方式已经充满了如此众多的竞争,以至于组织一些胜者多败者少的活动是明智 的,例如出版学生书写的读书笔记%29【解析】A逻辑关系/语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的动名词形式,在句子中充当 谓语动词。句子叙述到 However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more win
21、ners than losers,fbr example,publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews,student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.解题时需看清句中平列的逻辑关系,”出版包括许多学 生所作的书评的简报,(展示)学生创作的艺术品,举办读书座谈俱乐部等。不难发现,选 项A.displaying展示,展出,”展出学生的艺术作品”,符合语句含义,同时与出版学生书 写的读书笔记构成并列关系。因此,正确答案为A。30【解析】D词汇辨析题。该题目选择形容
22、词,在句子中充当定语。句子叙述到Avariety of small clubs can provideopportunities for leadership,”各种各样的小型俱乐部能够提供.的机会锻炼孩子们的领导力”。选择形容词,被修饰的名词提供信息。选项A.durable耐用 的;持久的;与opportunities不搭配;B.excessive过度的;C.surplus过剩的;都有过分之义,含有否定的意思,与文意不符。正确选项D.multiple多样的与句子主语中的variety相照 应。31.【解析】A逻辑关系/语义衔接题。与上文相连,opportunities后面两个for说明 提供
23、的是什么样的机会;由as well as连接的介词短语与前一个for引导介词短语是并列关系,译为不仅提供机会而且提供机会”,前者leadership是个体能力,后者则是指在成 功的集体活动中得到锻炼的机会,所以选A。32.【解析】D语义衔接题。本题存在一个意思上的相应关系,即the of organization 与the support of adult对应,可以判断D正确。本题目选择名词,在句子中充当宾语。句子 叙述至Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need theof som
24、e kind of organization.交朋友对于年轻人极其重要,并且许多腼腆的学生需要 的 某种组织给予的,而且需要有一个成年人在幕后给予支持。选项A.consent内容,含 量;满意,满足B.insurance保险,安全保障;C.admission承认,允许进入;D.security安全,安全感。33.【解析】B语义衔接题。with引导一个介词复合结构作定语,修饰organization,其中支持他们的成人只能在背后出现,这与B.barely”仅仅,刚好”的意思一致。Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many
25、 shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adultvisible in the background.腼腆的学生需要力口入某种团体 以获得安全感,在幕后有成年人的支持。rarely”罕见地”一般表否定,不合语义;barely是 肯定的意义,相当于常见的only。34.【解析】D语义衔接题。第二段讲的是如何组织活动,使学生保持持久的兴趣和 注意。之所以如此,是因为青少年的注意周期(attention spans)不够长,这一点也可凭借常 识判断。同时,下文中participant
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