状语从句讲练省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

状语从句状语从句(Adverbial Clauses)一、状语概念一、状语概念 英语中英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等句子成份叫修饰动词、形容词、副词等句子成份叫状语状语(adverbial)。Eg.He studies very hard and very well.二、状语功用：二、状语功用：状语说明时间、地点、原因、目标、结果、条件、状语说明时间、地点、原因、目标、结果、条件、程度、方式和伴随情况等。因而可分为时间状语，程度、方式和伴随情况等。因而可分为时间状语，地点状语，原因状语，结果状语，目标状语、方地点状语，原因状语，结果状语，目标状语、方式状语等。式状语等。Eg.He ran very fast in the sports meeting last year.第1页三、三、状语普通由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、动词不定式或相当于状语普通由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、动词不定式或相当于副词词或短语及句子来担当。其位置普通放在句末，但也可放在句首或副词词或短语及句子来担当。其位置普通放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。句中。假如由一个句子做状语叫状语从句。假如由一个句子做状语叫状语从句。四、状语从句分类：依据状语功用，状语从句分为四、状语从句分类：依据状语功用，状语从句分为1.时间状语从句时间状语从句(when,after,before,until,till,as soon as,while,since etc.)2.条件状语从句条件状语从句(if,unless)3.原因状语从句原因状语从句(because)4.比较状语从句比较状语从句(asas,than)5.目标状语从句目标状语从句6.让步状语从句让步状语从句7.结果状语从句结果状语从句8.地点状语从句地点状语从句1).He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.2).I will tell him everything when he comes back.3).What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Note:状语从句位于句首或句中时通惯用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时能够状语从句位于句首或句中时通惯用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时能够不用逗号隔开。不用逗号隔开。第2页专题专题13 状语从句状语从句【考点直击考点直击】1.时间状语从句时间状语从句2.条件状语从句条件状语从句3.原因状语从原因状语从句句4.结果状语从句结果状语从句5.比较状语从句比较状语从句6.目标状语目标状语从句从句7.让步状语从句让步状语从句8.地点状语从句地点状语从句【名师点睛名师点睛】用来修饰主句中动词，副词和形容词从句用来修饰主句中动词，副词和形容词从句叫状语从句。依据其含义状语从句可分为时间状叫状语从句。依据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目标状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目标状语从句，让步状语从句。状语从句，让步状语从句。第3页1.时间状语从句时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句惯用时间状语从句惯用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,as soon as等连词来引导。等连词来引导。比如：比如：It was raining hard when he got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework,the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake,he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school,he went to work in a factory.第4页(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用未来时态，用现在时态在时间状语从句里，通常不用未来时态，用现在时态表示未来动作或状态。表示未来动作或状态。比如：比如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有在带有till或或until引导时间状语从句主从复合句里，假引导时间状语从句主从复合句里，假如主句用必定式，其含义是如主句用必定式，其含义是“一直到一直到时时”，谓语动词，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。假如主句用否定式，其含义是只能用延续性动词。假如主句用否定式，其含义是“直到直到才才”,“在在以前不以前不”,谓语动词可用瞬间动谓语动词可用瞬间动词。词。比如：比如：The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.第5页2.条件状语从句条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。引导。比如：比如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通惯用现在时态表在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通惯用现在时态表示未来动作或状态。示未来动作或状态。比如：比如：Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句祈使句+and(or)+陈说句陈说句”在意思上相当于一在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句复合句。个带有条件状语从句复合句。比如：比如：Hurry up,or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up,youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard,you will pass the exam.第6页3.原因状语从句原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。比如：引导。比如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining,we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question,Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导原引导原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出问题，只提出问题，只能用能用because。As和和since语气较弱，普通用来表示显语气较弱，普通用来表示显著原因。由著原因。由as和和since引导原因状语从居多放在句首。引导原因状语从居多放在句首。比如：比如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car,he cant get there easily.Since we have no money,we cant buy it.(3)because和和so不能同用在一个句子里。不能同用在一个句子里。第7页4.结果状语从句结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由结果状语从句由sothat,suchthat,so that引导。引导。比如：比如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk,so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语语such.that能够交换。比如：能够交换。比如：在由在由so.that引导结果状语从句中，引导结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是连用。其结构是:“.so+形容词（副词）形容词（副词）+that+从句从句”。比如：比如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.第8页在由在由suchthat引导结果状语从句中，引导结果状语从句中，such是形容词，是形容词，它修饰能够是单数或复数可数名词，也能够是不可数名词；它修饰能够是单数或复数可数名词，也能够是不可数名词；名词前面能够带形容词，也可不带。假如是单数可数名词，名词前面能够带形容词，也可不带。假如是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词前面需加不定冠词a或或an。比如：。比如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是能够交换。比如：有时上述两种结构是能够交换。比如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.第9页(3)假如名词前由假如名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰等词修饰时，只能用时，只能用so,不用不用such。比如：。比如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.5.比较状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由比较状语从句通常由asas,比较级比较级+than等连等连词引导。比如：词引导。比如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.第10页6.目标状语从句目标状语从句(1)目标状语从句通常由目标状语从句通常由 so that,in order that引导。比如：引导。比如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目标状语从句，又可引导结果状语从既可引导目标状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区分这两种从句方法有两个：句。区分这两种从句方法有两个：1)目标状语从句里往往目标状语从句里往往带有情态动词带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。等。2)从意思上看，从意思上看，目标状语从句往往表示目标很明确。比如：目标状语从句往往表示目标很明确。比如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you.(目标状语目标状语从句从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.(结果状语从句结果状语从句)第11页7.让步状语从句让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。等连词引导。比如：比如：Though he is young,he knows a lot.Although I am tired,I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能和不能和but用在同一个句子中。比用在同一个句子中。比如：如：我们不能说：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard,but he still went out.应该说：应该说：Though it was raining hard,he still went out.或或It was raining hard,but he still went out.8.地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句经常由地点状语从句经常由where来引导。比如：来引导。比如：Go where you like.Where there is a will,there is a way.第12页【实例解析】1.(北京市海淀区中考试题)You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise,such as running and walking.A.if B.how C.before D.where 答案：A。该题考查是引导状语从句隶属连词选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。2.(江西省中考试题)-Shall we go on working?-Yes,_ I prefer to have a rest.A.when B.if C.because D.though 答案：D。该题考查是引导状语从句隶属连词选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。第13页3.(徐州市中考试题)None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it.A.when B.until C.after D.though 答案：B。该题考查是引导状语从句隶属连词选择。本句意思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表示着一意思应用“notuntil”这一句型。4.(泉州市中考试题)-I hope youll enjoy your trip,dear!-Thank you,mum.Ill give you a call _ I get there.A.until B.as soon as C.since D.till 答案：B。该题考查是引导状语从句隶属连词选择。本题意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表示这个意思应选取as soon as。第14页一一.单项填空单项填空1._ hes old,he can still carry this heavy bag.A.Though B.Since C.For D.So2.-Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A.comes;is B.comes;will be C.will come;is D.will come;will be3.In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim,the dolphins may come up _ him.A.will fall;to help B.falls;to help C.will fall;help D.falls;helping4.I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A.what B.which C.where D.who5.We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A.comes B.come C.will come D.is coming第15页6.The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A.not;before B.dont;when C.not to;until D.not;after7.I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A.when B.that C.until D.because8.Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A.will be B.shall be C.am D.was9.In the exam,the _ you are,_ the _ mistakes you will make.A.careful;little B.more careful;fewest C.more careful;fewer D.more careful;less10.You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play.A.before B.after C.when D.while第16页11.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless12.When you read the book,youd better make a mark _ you have any questions.A.which B.that C.where D.though13.The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A.for B.so that C.because D.in order14.He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A.because B.as C.if D.since15.It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A.a lovely day B.too lovely a day C.so lovely a day D.such lovely a day第17页16.Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A.such B.so C.too D.very17._ I felt very tired,I tried to finish the work.A.Although B.Because C.As D.As if18._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.While D.As19._ well you can drive,you must drive carefully.A.So long as B.In order that C.No matter how D.The moment20.Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A.will get B.get C.getting D.got第18页二二.依据汉字意思完成以下英语句子依据汉字意思完成以下英语句子1.不论他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。不论他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him,_ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她看成母亲。布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她看成母亲。Mrs.Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother.3.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们表现。只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.第19页5.这个七岁女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。这个七岁女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.6.即使她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。即使她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _,she kept on learning English by herself.7.他长大后相当一名记者。他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8.不论刮风下雨，我们老师总是第一个到校。不论刮风下雨，我们老师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or rainy,our teacher is always the first to get to school.9.假如人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。假如人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment,the world will become much more beautiful.10.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.第20页【练习答案练习答案】一一.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B二二.1.no matter what;plays 2.so;that;regarded;as 3.as long as 4.as soon as 5.so much that 6.Though she was busy 7.when he grows up 8.Whether its 9.If everyone makes a contribution 10.because he was ill第21页一、一、1.while 2.as soon as 3.didnt,until 4.when 5.while 6.when二、二、1.although/though 2.although/though 3.however三、三、1.since,2.sothat,3.because,4.If四、四、1.since2.unless3.because4.where5.after6.than7.as if8.so that 9.before10.asII、1.can 改为改为could 2.去掉去掉so 3.will come改为改为 comes 4.very改为改为 so 五、五、as soon as 改为改为when6.was 改为改为is 7.than 之后之后加上加上that of 8.than 后加后加 those in 9.whatever改为改为 wherever 10.is改为改为 were1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C第22页