高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管统一标准规范英汉对照.doc

Designation：A 358/A 358M – 01 An American National Standard
名称:A358/A358M-01 Used in USDOE-NE Standards
美国国标用于USDOE_NE原则

Standard Specification for
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy
Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service1
高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管原则规范

This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 358/A 358M；the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or，in the case of revision，the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
此原则以固定名称A358/ A 358 M发布，紧随名称之后数字，表达采用本原则年份或上次修改本原则年份。上方希腊字母(e)表达上一次再版或审核版次变化。

1. Scope
范畴
1.1 This specification2 covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service，or both.
此规范合用于腐蚀环境或高温环境电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管。
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
注1- 无量纲符号NPS（名义钢管尺寸）在此原则中替代为老式术语“名义直径”“尺寸”和“标称尺寸”

1.2 This specification covers nineteen grades of alloy steel as indicated in Table 1. The selection of the proper alloy and requirements for heat treatment shall be at the discretion of the purchaser，dependent on the service conditions to be encountered.
此规范包括图表1中19个级别合金钢。依照使用条件，买方应慎重选取适当合金钢，和对的热解决程序。
1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows:
下列涉及5种类别钢管
1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.
1类 钢管采用所有焊道填充金属双面焊，并完全通过射线检查。
1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is required.
2类 钢管采用所有焊道填充金属双面焊，不需要射线检查。
1.3.3 Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.
3类 钢管采用所有焊道填充金属单面焊，并完全通过射线检查。
1.3.4 Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2).
4类 和三类相似，只是焊道暴露于钢管内壁，也许没有填加填充金属。
1.3.5 Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radiographed.
5类 钢管采用所有焊道金属填充双面焊，应进行缺陷射线检测
1.4 Supplementary requirements covering provisions ranging from additional testing to formalized procedures for manufacturing practice are provided. Supplementary Requirements S1 through S6 are included as options to be specified when desired.
提供了补充规定，涉及附加测试到生产实践正规程序等条款。作为详细阐明选项，补充阐明S1-S6也涉及在内。
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text，the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents；therefore，each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
本文中所述值或以英寸磅为单位，或采用国际单位，应作为原则区别对待。在本文中，国际单位在括号内表达。各系统所示数值不完全相等，因此每一系统必要区别于另一系统单独使用。两个系统数值混在一起使用会导致规范不一致。应采用英寸磅单位，除非在顺序上指定M为首选。

2. Referenced Documents
参照资料
2.1 ASTM Standards：ASTM原则。
A 240/A 240M Specification for Heat-Resisting Chromium
and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate，Sheet，and
Strip for Pressure Vessels注3
A240/A 240M 压力容器用耐热铬及铬镍不锈钢板，薄板和带材

A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels注3
A262奥氏体不锈钢晶间浸蚀敏感度检测应用

A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate，Sheet，and Strip3
A480、A480M平面轧辊不锈钢和耐热钢板材、薄板和带材普通规定原则规范

A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel，Stainless Steel，Related Alloys，and Ferroalloys4
A941钢，不锈钢,有关合金和铁合金术语
A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe 4
A999/A999M 合金和不锈钢管普通规定规范。
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)4
E527 金属及合金编号（统一编号系统）

2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code：Section I，Welding and Brazing Qualifications5
Section IX，Welding Qualifications5
ASME 锅炉和压力容器准则
2.3 AWS Specifications:6 美国焊接学会规范
A 5.22 Flux Cored Arc Welding管状焊丝电弧焊

A 5.30 Consumable Weld Inserts for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
钨极气体电弧焊
A 5.4 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Covered Welding Electrodes
耐腐蚀铬及铬镍钢覆盖焊条
A 5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes
耐腐蚀铬及铬镍钢焊条和裸焊条
A 5.11 Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Covered Welding Electrodes
镍和镍合金包裹焊条
A 5.14 Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
镍和镍合金裸焊条

2.4 Other Standard：
其他原则

注：
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel，
Stainless Steel，and Related Alloys，and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
此规范归属于钢，不锈钢及有关合金ASTM A01委员会，不锈钢以及合金钢管材产品则归属于A01.10小组委员会。
Current edition approved Mar. 10，. Published May . Originally
published as A 358 – 52 T. Last previous edition A 358/A 358M – 00.
当前版本核准于3月10日。5月发行。原版本为 A358-52T。此前最后一次版本为 A358 A358M-00

2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifications
SA-358 in Section II of that Code.
对于ASME锅炉和压力容器准则应用请见有关规范。

3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards，Vol 01.03.
ASTM原则年刊，01,03卷

4 Annual Book of ASTM Standards，Vol 01.01.
ASTM原则年刊，01,01卷

5 Available from ASME International，Three Park Avenue，New York，NY
10016–5990.
纽约三公园大道ASME国际 10016-5990有售。

6 American Welding Society，550 LeJeune Road，P.O. Box 351040，Miami，FL
33135. 美国焊接学会，佛罗里达州，迈阿密，Lejeune路550号，351040信箱

Copyright . ASTM，100 Barr Harbor Drive，West Conshohocken，PA 19428-2959，United States.
著作权 美国，巴拿马州，西康舍霍肯，港口大道 100号， 电话19428-2959
COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
Licensed by Information Handling Services
著作权 美国材料与实验协会信息解决部允许。
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TABLE 1 Plate and Filler Metal Specifications 表格1 板材和填充金属规范
图详见原图

图下注释：
A New designation established in accordance with ASTM E 527 and SAE J 1086.
新名称依照ASTM527和SAE　Ｊ１０８６原则建立。
B Choice of American Welding Society specification depends on the welding process used.
选取美国焊接学会规范应依照使用焊接工艺。
C In previous editions，S30600 was incorrectly shown as S01815.
在之前版本，Ｓ３０６００被错误显示为Ｓ０１８１５

SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS) 注7
ＳAEJ 1086金属和合金编号应用（统一编号系统）。

3. Terminology
术语
3.1 Definitions：定义
3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A 999/A 999M and Terminology A 941 are applicable to this specification.
A999和A999M规范中定义可以应用于此规范。

4. Ordering Information 订货信息
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following，as required，to describe the desired material adequately：
在此规范下订购材料应按规定包括如下信息以充分描述所需材料。
4.1.1 Quantity (feet，metres，or number of lengths),
数量（英尺，米，或者长度数量）
注释
7 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers，400 Commonwealth Drive，Warrendale，PA 15096.
巴拿马州，沃伦达市，共富大道400号，邮编15096，汽车工程师协会有售
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4.1.2 Name of material (electric-fusion-welded pipe),原材料名（电熔焊钢管）
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1)， 级别（表格1）
4.1.4 Class (see 1.3)，级别（见1.3）
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),（尺寸，外直径和名义壁厚）
4.1.6 Length (specific or random)，长度 （指定或随机）
4.1.7 End finish (Section on Ends of Specification A 999/
A 999M),管端样式（A999/A999M规范中管端切面）
4.1.8 Authorization for repair of plate defects by welding and subsequent heat treatment without prior approval if such is intended (see 9.3)，
焊接缺陷修补授权和在没有被允许状况下相应热解决（见9.3某些）
4.1.9 Specification designation，
规范名称
4.1.10 Special requirements，
特殊规定
4.1.11 Statement invoking requirements of 16.4 if such is intended.
16.4某些需要陈述规定。
4.1.12 Circumferential weld permissibility (see Section 16)，
圆周焊接接受度（见16某些）。
4.1.13 Supplementary Requirements (S1 through S6)，
补充规定（S1—S6）
4.1.14 Applicable ASME Code if known，
可应用已知ASME原则
4.1.15 For ASME Code Section III applications，the service classification intended，and
对于ASME原则第三某些应用，服务分类，
4.1.16 Certification requirements (see Section on Certification of Specification A 999/A 999M).
认证规定（见A999和A999M规范中关于认证某些）
5. General Requirements
普通规定
5.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M unless otherwise provided herein.
在此规范下供应材料应与当前版本A999和A999M规范合用规定一致，除非在此此外提供规定。
6. Materials and Manufacture
材料和生产
6.1 Materials：材料
6.1.1 The steel plate material shall conform to the requirements of one of the grades of Specification A 240/A 240M，listed in Table 1，except as provided in 6.3.2.3.
钢板材料应与表格1中所列A240/A240M规范中某一级别规定一致，6.3.2.3所述状况除外。
6.2 Welding：
焊接
6.2.1 The joints shall be full penetration double-welded or single-welded butt joints employing fusion welding processes as defined under “Definitions,” ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code，Section IX. This specification makes no provision for any difference in weld quality requirements regardless of the weld joint type employed (single or double) in making the
weld. Where backing rings or strips are employed，the ring or strip material shall be of the same P-Number (Table QW-422 of Section IX) as the plate being joined. Backing rings or strips
shall be completely removed after welding，prior to any required radiography，and the exposed weld surface shall be examined visually for conformance to the requirements of 6.2.3. Welds made by procedures employing backing strips or rings which remain in place are prohibited. Welding procedures，and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code，Section IX.
如ASME锅炉和压力容器准则定义中所述，焊缝为采用氧炔焊工艺焊透双面焊或者单面对接焊。此规范并未就提出焊接质量方面差别，无论在焊接中采用哪种焊缝类型（单面或者双面）。焊接时，当使用条型衬垫后者环形衬垫时，所用材料应与产品号（P number）（第9章表格QW-422）一致。在作任何射线检测之前，应在焊接完毕后完全去除环形衬垫或条型衬垫，并应用肉眼检测裸露焊接表面与否与6.2.3中规定一致。禁止采用条形衬垫或环形衬垫并保存在原位置。焊接程序和焊工都应具备符合第九章ASME锅炉和压力容器准则资质。

6.2.2 Except as provided in 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2，welds shall be made in their entirety by processes involving the deposition of filler metal.
除了6.2.2.1和6.2.2.2情形，在保证填充金属沉淀过程整体性。
6.2.2.1 For Class 4 pipe employing multiple passes，the root-pass may be without the addition of filler metal.
对于4类管采用多道焊道，根部焊道可以不必添加金属。
6.2.2.2 For Class 4 pipe，the weld surface exposed inside the pipe may result from a single pass made from the inside of the pipe without the addition of filler metal.
对于4类管，裸露在内焊接表面也许由管道内部一种焊道引起，并未增长填充材料。
6.2.2.3 All single-welded pipe shall be completely radiographed.
所有单面焊管应进行完整射线检测。
6.2.3 The weld surface on either side of the weld may be flush with the base plate or may have a reasonably uniform crown，not to exceed 1.8 in. [3 mm]. Any weld reinforcement may be removed at the manufacturer’s option or by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. The contour of the reinforcement should be reasonably smooth and free from irregularities. The deposited metal shall be fused uniformly into the plate surface. No concavity of contour is permitted unless the resulting thickness of weld metal is equal to or greater than the minimum thickness of the adjacent base metal.
焊接任意一面表面也许会与底盘一起变红或者产生合理变形，不超过1/8英寸（3mm）。任何焊接补强都应按生产商选取去除或者生产商和采购商达到一致。补强外廓应平整，规则。堆积金属应一致熔入钢板表面。不容许轮廓有凹陷，除非导致厚度等于或不不大于附近底层金属最小厚度。
6.2.4 Weld defects shall be repaired by removal to sound metal and rewelding. Subsequent heat treatment and examination (that is，visual，radiographic，and dye penetrant) shall be as required on the original welds.
6.2.4 焊接缺陷应通过去除缺陷某些直至漏出金属并重新焊接办法修补。应以原焊接同样规定进行随后检测（即 目测，射线检测和着色渗入检测）。
6.3 Heat Treatment：
热解决
6.3.1 Unless otherwise stated in the order，heat-treatment shall consist of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 1900°F [1040°C] except for S31266，S31254，S32654，S32050，and S30815 which shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2100°F [1150°C]，and 1920°F [1050°C] respectively，S24565 which shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2050°F [1120°C]，N08367 which shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2025°F [1107°C]，and N08926 which shall be heat treated to a minimum temperature of °F [1100°C]，all treatments being followed by quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means. N08904 shall be heat treated to a minimum temperature of °F [1095°C] and cooled rapidly. UNS N08810 shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2050°F [1120°C] and cooled rapidly. UNS N08020 shall be heated in the range from 1800 to 1850°F [982 to 1010°C] and cooled rapidly.
除非订单中另有陈述，否则热解决应涉及把材料加热到至少1900华氏度（1040摄氏度），S31266，S31254，S32654，S32050，和 S30815除外，应分别加热到至少2100华氏度（1150摄氏度）和1920华氏度（1050摄氏度），S24565应加热到至少2050华氏度（1120摄氏度），N08367应加热到至少2025华氏度（1107摄氏度），N08926应加热到至少华氏度（1100摄氏度）。所有热解决后应淬火或采用其她方式急冷。N08904应加热到至少华氏度（1095摄氏度）并急冷。ＵＮＳ　Ｎ０８８１０应加热到至少２０５０华氏度（１１２０摄氏度）并急冷。ＵＮＳ　Ｎ０８０２０应加热到１８００－１８５０华氏度（８９２－１０１０摄氏度）并急冷。
6.3.2 The purchase order shall specify one of the following conditions if the heat-treated condition specified in 6.3.1 is not desired by the purchaser：
如果采购商并不需要６．３．１规定热解决条件，采购订单应规定如下条件之一。
6.3.2.1 A final heat-treatment temperature under 1900°F [1040°C]—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be Stenciled　with the final heat-treatment temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius after the suffix “HT”. Controlled structural or special service characteristics may be specified as a guide for the most suitable heat treatment.
在１９００华氏度（１０４０摄氏度）如下最后热解决，在此规定下供应每一根管应用字母ＨＴ后加最后热解决温度，采用华氏度或摄氏度，标记在管体。可以指定受控构造性或特别服务特性作为最适合热解决温度指南。
6.3.2.2 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate that has been solution heat treated at temperatures required by this specification—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT–O”.
无最后热解决钢管，这种钢管钢板材料通过本规范所规定温度溶液热解决，在此条件下供应每一根管应在管体上标注字母HT-O。
6.3.2.3 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate that has not been solution heat treated—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT-SO”.
无最后热解决钢管，这种钢管钢板材料没有通过溶解热解决，在此条件下生产每一根管应在管体上标注字母HT-SO
6.4 A solution annealing temperature above 1950°F [1065°C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in Grades 321，347，and 348. When specified by the purchaser，a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary Requirement S5).
321,347和348级溶液退火温度在1950华氏度（1065摄氏度）也许在随后暴露于敏感条件中时削弱抗晶间腐蚀耐受力。当采购商规定期，在先期高温溶液退火之后，应采用稍低温度稳定或再溶解退火。
7. Chemical Composition
化学构成
7.1 The chemical composition of the plate shall conform to the requirements of the applicable specification and grade 3 listed in Specification A 240/A 240M.
钢板化学构成应符适当用规范规定和A240/A240M规范中所列3级原则。

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7.2 The chemical composition of the welding filler metal shall conform to the requirements of the applicable AWS specification for the corresponding grade