被动语态讲解及练习.doc

被动语态讲解及练习
一、 被动语态的用法：
　　1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
　　2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
　　3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will/be going to+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
　　把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词； 　　2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 　　4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
　　eg：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.
→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
　　1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
　　2. 有些动词（如：系动词look，smell，taste，sound，feel)用主动形式表示被动意义。还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，与well, easily等词连用，含有被动意义，如：read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。
　　 eg: This pen writes well.
　　 This new book sells well.
　　3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。
　　 eg：make sb do sth→sb+ be +made to do sth
　　 see sb do sth→sb +be +seen to do sth
　　4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
　　eg: He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
　　 He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
　　5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
　　eg: We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us.
　　 He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
　　 The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.

被动语态练习
一、选择题
(   )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built          B. Was; built     C. Does; build    D. Did ; build
(   )2.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown          B. are grown      C. grows         D. grow
(   )3.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
    A. is given           B. has been given   C. will be given   D. gives
(   )4.How many trees ____ this year?
    A. are planted        B. will plant        C. have been planted  D. planted
(   )5.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
    A. are doing          B. are being done   C. has been done  D. will be done
(   )6.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.
    A. did; use           B. was; used        C. is; used       D. are; used
(   )7.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
    A. knows            B. knew           C. is known       D. was known
(   )8.Who _____ this book _____?
    A. did; written        B. was; written by   C. did; written     D. was; written
(   )9.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
    A. was told us        B. was told to us     C. is told us       D. told us
(   )10.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
    A. jump             B. jumps           C. jumped        D. to jump
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
5. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
7. What _______ knives  ______ (make) of ?
  They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
8. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?
9. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
10. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
11. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
12.The food _____________ (smell) delicious.
13. Look! Someone __________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态）
_______ people _________ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday present _______  _______  _______  _______by my parents every year．
3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)
How_______  _______ the work going to be finished ?
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)
  An English song ______  ______  _______ by the children.
5. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
  Metal ________  _________  _______making machines.
6. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
  I ______  ________  ________  ______ that for him.
7.They are watching the football match.
The football match _______   _______  _______  by them.
8.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)
  __________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?
9.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)
The game _______  ________ “Lianliankan” by us.

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