比较级和最高级的用法.doc

Comparatives and Superlatives 比较级和最高级
一、形容词比较级和最高级的规则

原 级
比 较 级
最 高 级
一般在词尾加-er /ə/或-est /ist/
cold
colder
coldest
fast
faster
fastest
以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或-st
nice
nicer
nicest
large
larger
largest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-es或-est
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est
easy
easier
easiest
early
earlier
earliest
在词前加more或most
serious
more serious
most serious
interesting
more interesting
Most interesting
其它不规则的变化：
原形
比较级
最高级
Good/well
better
best
Bad/ill
worse
Worst
Many/much
more
Most
little
less
Least
far
farther
farthest

二、形容词比较级基本用法
1、定义：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than (比）
eg: Cats are more lovely than other animals.
2、与than搭配的词语形式
（1）名词/代词 He is older than me.
(2) 动名词/从句 Skiing is more exciting than skating.
(3) 状语/动词/形容词
3、形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语
（1）much/a lot/ a bit/ a little/ slightly
She is feeling a lot/much better today.
(2) any/ no/ even/ some/ still
Do you feel any better today?
She is no older than mike.
(3) 数词
My sister is ten years younger than me.
4、比较级的特殊搭配
1) “比较级+and+比较级”表示 “越来越……”
eg: He becomes fatter and fatter. 他越来越胖了。
2) “The +比较级…，the +比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”
eg：The busier he is ,the happier he feels他越忙就越高兴。
The more ,the better.
3) 表示两者中”较……“时，用the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语来表达。
eg: He is the taller of the two.
4) the more… the more…
he harder you worker, the greater you will make.
5) more B than A = less A than B
He is more lazy than slow at his work
= he is less slow than lazy at his work.
6) not so much… as… 与其说不如是
7) no/not any more… than… 两个都不（neither）
No/ not any less… than…
8) More than 不仅仅是
Less than 不到
No less than 不少于
9) more or less 差不多
The work is more or less finished.
10) As+形容词/副词 原级+as… (与…一样）
not as(so)…as （与…不一样）中间用原级。
eg: The story is as interesting as that one.
11) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语，放在as的前面
She can read twice as fast as you do.
12)

1、比较级与最高级可以转换，意思不变。如：
She is taller than any other girl in Class5.
She is the tallest girl in Class5.
2、当某一事物与其它事物作比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如：
Shanghai is larger than any city in Hubei.
3、如果比较对象相同，可用 that\those代替第二个比较对象 。如：
The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan.
4、如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词.
eg: His shirt is more expensive than mine.

三、最高级的用法
1、定义：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。表示“最……”的意思。
2、常见用法：the+最高级+比较范围”结构。
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
3、标志词：
(1) in+大范围,
(2) over
(3) among
(4) of all, of +the+具体的数字
4、特殊用法
（1）序数词通常只修饰最高级
Canada is the second largest country in the world.
（2） 最高级的意义有时能用比较级表示出来
比较级+than+any other+单数名词（有other 强调在同一范围之内）
① He is heavier than any other student in his class. =He is the heaviest student in his class.
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.= Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
(3)
（4）不用比较级和最高级的形容词

注意：在一定的上下文中，形容词最高级后面的名词可省去处 eg: He is the youngest in the class.

6. 当形容词最高级有形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，最高级前的
定冠词 the 省略。
e.g. Linda is my sister’s best friend.
练一练
一、 写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
1. old ______ ________ 2. busy _________ __________
3. thin ________ ________4. many _________ __________
5. slow ________ _______6. delicious _________ _________
二、选择正确的答案
1. Bob never does his homework_____ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as
2.Now air in our town is ____ than it used to be. Something must be done to it.
A. very good B. much better C. rather than D. even worse
3. I feel __ better than yesterday. A. more B. very C. much D. far
4. China has a large population人口 than __ in the world.
A. all the countries B. every country C. any country D. any other country
7.This ring looks __ and__ sells__.
A. well, well B. good, nice C. nice, good D. nice, well
10.I didn’t go shopping yesterday.He didn’t __.
A. so B. either C. too C. neither
11.___ delicious the food is!
A.How B . how a C. What D. What a
12. What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals.
A. better B. best C. very D. well
13.Hainan is a very large island岛屿. It’s the second__ island in China.
A.large B. larger C. largest D. most large
15.A horse is __ than a dog.
A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy
三.用所给词的恰当形式填空。
1.Which is _______ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth?
2.Which is ______ (beautiful),the black coat or the blue one?
3.This mooncake is ____ (cheap) of all.
4.He is _______ (strong) in the class.
(四)翻译句子：
1．你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _______ ______ ______ of two.
2． 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You can’t swim _____ _____ _____ your brother.
3． 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.
5． 他比我大两岁。He is _____ ______ ______ than I.
6所有铅笔中这支铅笔最长。The pencil is _____ _____ ______ _________.
7、在学校里我们英语老师最忙。Our English teacher is ____ _______ in our school.
8、这个问题太容易了，大家都能回答。The question is ______ _______.Everyone can answer it.
9、黄河是中国第二长河。The Yellow River is ______ ______ ______ river in China.
10、梅梅的帽子比苗苗的新。Meimei’s hat is _______ ______ ________.