广东省2021届高三英语下学期综合能力测试题十二.doc

广东省2021届高三英语下学期综合能力测试题十二

广东省2021届高三英语下学期综合能力测试题十二

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16

广东省2021届高三英语下学期综合能力测试题十二
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Public Transport Guide
Here you’ll find the information you need to prepare your child for travelling on TransLink’s public transport network in South East Queensland.
Plan
There are four types of public transport on the TransLink network: bus, train, ferry, tram.
We have three planning tools to help you find the most suitable public transport mode and school route for your child:
School service finder — to find school routes within 1 km of your child’s school
Journey planner — for a more customized search
QConnect journey planner — for urban bus services outside the TransLink service area
Tips:
Download the MyTransLink app on your mobile first.
When using planning tools, make sure you select a date that Ms on a school day and choose between “Depart” or “Arrive before” to tailor your search.
Tickets
The most common concession (减价票) is the child and student Go cards.
All primary and secondary school students can have a Go card.
Concession fares are 50 percent of adult fares.
A further 50 percent is deducted (减免) after the 8th paid journey within a week.
You can save over $650 a year when your child uses a Go card every school day.
Notes:
School students over the age of 15 must hold a valid student ID to buy a student Go card.
Auto top-up
To ensure enough travel credit is on your child’s Go card, the easiest way is to set up auto top-up. Auto top-up has the following characteristics:
-contactless card transactions (交易)
-no need for your child to carry travel money
-It only takes 5 minutes to set up on the Go card website.
-You have the option to receive top-up text messages.
-Credit can be accessed and transferred to a new card if the old one is lost or stolen.
1. What’s the Public Transport Guide aimed at?
A. Providing the best routes to all schools.
B. Developing students’ ability to travel alone.
C. Explaining the use of different kinds of bus cards.
D. Assisting parents to arrange their kids’ home-school trips.
2. If a child makes a ninth trip with a Go card in a week, lie or she will _________.
A. pay an adult fare
B. get a 75% discount
C. need to pay in cash
D. have to show his or her student ID
3. What is good about auto top-up?
A. It helps find the lost card quickly.
B. It ensures the security of travel credit.
C. It offers an extra concession for every payment.
D. It allows users to visit the Go card website for free.
B
At our six-year-old’s soccer practice this past weekend, I looked around and found our eight-year-old making a big dirt hill at the bottom of a sliding board, so he could drive his cars up the slide and watch them roll down into his pile.
I saw him holding dirt with his hands and moving it over to his hill. I saw the dirt falling on his trousers and his shoes on the way to the slide. I watched as he climbed the ladder, only to slide down the slide and fall into that pile of dirt.
Instead of telling him to stop and watch his brother, we both just laughed because we knew that playing is learning. As Albert Einstein once said, “Play is the highest form of research.”
We watched him play and enjoyed the feet that he was learning while he made a cool masterpiece over there. Clothes can be washed, hands can be cleaned, and shoes can be scrubbed (刷洗). We remember we are raising kids who know how to play and create, not kids that are afraid to get their hands dirty.
We decided a long time ago, when our first son was young, that we weren’t going to let exhaustion or convenience get the best of us. It is easier to tell our kids not to get messy than to have to soak (浸泡) those clothes for the night. Also, it is more convenient to bring an iPad and have them sit beside us quietly. But we don’t want those for our kids.
When a human sits for longer than about 20 minutes, the physiology (生理机能) of the brain and body changes. The brain basically just falls asleep when we sit for too long. Moving and being active stimulate the neurons (神经元) that fire in the brain.
Looking back on our childhoods, we appreciate the effect playground experiences had on who we ultimately became. These crucial, formative experiences shape children into thinkers, dreamers, and leaders.
4. How did the author respond to her son’s playing with dirt?
A. She felt helpless.
B. She appreciated it.
C. She was amused as well as annoyed.
D. She disturbed him but found it understandable.
5. What’s the principle of the author’s raising her children?
A. Setting an example to them.
B. Staying with them as much as possible.
C. Developing their ability to take care of themselves.
D. Encouraging them to learn through actively playing.
6. What can we infer about the author?
A. She has received little education.
B. She values her childhood playing experiences.
C. She often falls asleep when watching her kids play.
D. She was conducting a study on neurons when writing the text.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Parents are kids’ first teachers
B. Play is the highest form of research
C. Sitting for too long is bad for your health
D. Cooperation plays a key role in kids’ growth
C
Seven years ago, I built a program to write an article on the play Chitra. First it selected infonnation about Chitra from the Internet. Then it looked at existing entries to learn the structure for a standard article. Finally, it summarized the information from the Internet to write and publish the first version of the entry. The program didn’t “know” anything about Chitra. It simply pieced together parts of existing sentences from existing articles to make new ones.
Fast forward to 2020. OpenAI, a for-profit company, built a language generation program called Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3). Its ability to learn, summarize and compose text has staggered computer scientists like me. The language generated by GPT-3 sounds as if it had been written by a human.
The knowledge displayed by GPT-3’s language model is remarkable, especially since it hasn’t been “taught” by a human. The traditional machine learning is supervised (监督的) learning where people provide the computer with annotated (有注解的) examples of objects. It’s time-consuming and expensive. GPT-3 takes natural language processing closer toward imsupcrvised learning. GPT-3’s vast training datasets and huge processing capacity enable the system to learn from just one example where it is given a task description and one demonstration and can then complete the task. With zero-shot learning, the accuracy decreases, but GPT-3’s abilities are nonetheless accurate to a striking degree.
In early September, a computer scientist named Liam Porr used GPT-3 to “write an article”. GPT-3 produced eight different essays as instructed, and The Guardian ended up publishing an article using some of the best parts from each essay. Editing GPT-3’s article, the editors noted, was no different from editing an article written by a human.
Despite GPT-3’s reassurances, OpenAI has yet to release the model for open-source use, because the company worries that the technology could be deliberately used in a way that is wrong. It’s not difficult to see how it could be used to generate lots of disinformation. The technology will become only more powerful. It’ll be up to humans to work out and regulate its potential uses and abuses,
8. What could be described about the author’s writing program?
A. It started with the understanding of Chitra’s background.
B. It didn’t follow the structure of the standard article.
C. It’s just a way of putting together information.
D. It tried to make innovations about the play.
9. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Surprised. B. Disappointed.
C. Confused, D. Approved.
10. Why are Liam Porr and The Guardian mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. To confirm GPT-3’s popularity.
B. To show GPT-3’s practicability.
C. To explain GPT-3’s range of application.
D. To prove the need of improvement for GPT-3.
11. What makes GPT-3 unavailable on the market?
A. The fear of its potential abuses.
B. The wish to make it more powerful.
C. The waiting for the best market timing.
D. The disinformation it generated during experiments.
D
The “Dust Bowl” of the 1930s saw high winds and choking dust move their way across the Great Plains of the US. The disaster was a result of both man-made and natural causes. As farmers sought to grow their way out of the economic hardship of the Great Depression, they used newly mechanised equipment to turn soil-stabilising grasses to crops.
A similar pattern has been developing today. Writing in Geophysical Research Letters, a group of climatologists from the University of Utah has shown that since 2000, dust cover in the Great Plains has been increasing by five percent per year. A chief contributor to this rise is the 2005 Cora Ethanol Mandate which turned native grasslands in the Great Plains into fields of com — a raw material of biofuels. It helped make up the nation's declining gas reserves with renewable biofuels.
Anna Gannet-Haller, the study’s lead author, says that farmers are actively encouraged to use marginal (边际的) lands. “Across the US, farmers buy crop insurance subsidized (补贴) by the federal government, which promises them that they won’t lose money by forming more land,” she says. “As a result, insurance policies have a hand in thickening the dust cover. It’s not that farmers aren’t deserving the government’s help. There are just better ways to promote farming without encouraging expansion into marginal lands.”
One approach is to preserve soil quality. The federal government began to educate farmers on soil conservation techniques and encouraged them to adopt planting and plowing (耕地) methods that conserved the soil. Since farmers hesitated to apply new methods to their land for it may result in lower incomes, the government paid farmers a dollar an acre which seems to be a drop in the bucket for farmers. It also planted the Great Plains Shelterbelt, a huge belt of more than 200 million trees.
The biofuel boom saw power plants emerge across the “grain belt” of the Great Plains, creating new labour opportunities for rural economies. The Renewable Fuels Association estimates that 49,937 jobs were created by Iowa’s biofuel industry alone. However, without intervention, the dust is only likely to worsen. The Great Plains are once again in severe drought.
12. What’s the purpose of the 2005 Com Ethanol Mandate?
A. Making better use of the nation’s gas reserves.
B. Increasing farmers’ economic opportunities.
C. Solving the problem of energy reduction.
D. Helping prevent dust storms.
13. What’s Anna’s attitude towards the insurance policies?
A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Unknown.
14. Why did the government pay farmers a dollar an acre?
A. To subsidize their losses due to natural disasters.
B. To help them learn advanced techniques.
C. To encourage them to use new methods.
D. To award them for planting trees.
15. What can we learn from the text?
A. Ecology and development should go hand in hand.
B. The government should put farmers’ interests first.
C. Renewable biofuels have a promising future.
D. Crops are the foundation of our existence.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When most people refer to “traveling”, they think of a vacation full of positives.
16 Here are some not-so-positive feelings and solutions.
Anxious
I get nervous before going on trips. I never sleep well the night before a flight. 17 There have been plenty of times that I’ve considered canceling a trip the night before I’m supposed to leave.
Solutions: Remind yourself that you’ve planned and done your homework and that you’ll be absolutely fine once you get there. Never have I regretted going through with a trip.
Lonely
18 For me, the loneliness usually hits at night when I’m stressing out over finding a place to eat on my own, Or realizing it’s only 6 p.m. and that I have no plans for the evening.
Solutions: If it’s during the day, you can join a free walking tour or a day trip. Other times you can just go somewhere where there are lots of people.
Bored
Not every day is going to be exciting when you travel. You will have slow travel days and bad weather days. But that’s fine! Not every destination is going to live up to your expectations.
Solutions: Force yourself to go out and try something new! 19 That almost always helps you see a destination from a different perspective (角度).
Even though we often view travel as something different than “real life”, the reality is that traveling is still real life, and ifs therefore not surprising to feel both positive and negative things. So if you experience any of these feelings on your next trip, don’t panic. 20
A. I’d be lying if I say I never feel lonely.
B. Feeling lonely makes life quite fun.
C. And my nerves usually follow me to the airport.
D. It’s completely normal and okay to feel these things!
E. It’s necessary to master all the points mentioned above.
F. However, not every second of every trip is going to be all rainbows.
G. I guarantee there’s something cool about the place that you can discover.
第二部分 语言语用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 18, on my way home after my first semester at college. Legally I was an adult. 21 thinking of the future, I felt like a lost child.
On Christmas morning, Mom sent me a book named L’Abri, which means shelter in French. It 22 young people overwhelmed by the 23 of life, just like me. That’s why tlie book 24 me. I spent all my time reading it. After I returned to school, classwork 25 and the book stayed untouched since then.
One day my roommate Debbie asked to borrow it and I 26 since I had no time for reading. 27, when freshman year ended, she 28 the book. I thought I’d never see it again.
In the summer of 2004, I met a new 29 in my life after being a housewife for years. My youngest would 30 home to pursue his own dreams. I felt as if I were back in college, 31 about my future. I knew I could count on Cynthia for 32 to make a midlife transition. We’d been friends for almost 20 years. Cynthia pulled a book out of her bag the day she came, saying, “I feel like there’s something in it that will be 33 to you. Hope you can find peace in it.” I immediately recognized it’s my lost book. “What a 34! I just bought it at a sidewalk sale on my way here.” How 35 I was!
21. A. Therefore B. Yet C. Moreover D. Since
22. A. praises B. warns C. confuses D. comforts
23. A. beauty B. pressure C. happiness D. possibility
24. A. disappointed B. trusted C. attracted D. hurt
25. A. took over B. broke out C. put off D. ended up
26. A. refused B. ignored C. hesitated D. agreed