雅思阅读技巧汇总.pdf

IELTS READING COURSECOURSE STRUCTURE 第一节：Overview 第二节：TFNG 第三节：Multiple Choice 第四节：Sum m ary 第五节：Heading 第六节：Matching 第七节：Review雅思阅读总特点 范围广：a wide range of topics(ambergris&Amber)文章长：1 000 words 学术性：academ ic English 题型多：1 0 question types 时间短：1.5 m inute per question雅思阅读文章来源m agazines;newspapers;journals;books雅思阅读文章类型 A类：说明文&议论文 G类：广告、课程介绍、告示、使用说明&一篇说明文或议论文雅思阅读文章风格内容学术：Scientific method/role theory语言学术:General:Buy this product!Academ ic:11 could be suggested that this product should be purchased.题型-Tvpel TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN Tvpe 2 Multiple Choice Tvpe 3 Summary or Table/Flow-chart Tvpe 4 Labelling a Diagram Tvpe 5 Short-answer question Tvpe 6 Sentence Completion Tvpe 8 Choosing Headings for Paragraphs Tvpe 7 Locating Information Type 9 Classification Tvue 10 Matching洞察雅思阅读 剑三到剑六的真题:雅思考试的稳定 严格控制做题时间 做完之后仔细分析题目 分析完题目之后精读原文雅思阅读考试的评分标准 雅思阅读考试的目标 阅读的目标：保6争7拼8,因为把题目做完就可以考到6分 雅思很多题目考的是眼力！剑三40雅思阅读实战的关键：速度 阅读速度：语言知识（V&G）+阅读技能（Skim舍&Scan取）做题速度:战略(舍)+战术(取)阅读实战战略 舍弃的正确含义 在实战的时候,战略远比战术重要。剑三47页 战略总结：Do w hat you can do best,and Meng the rest!快速阅读 Skimming只读该读的：词、句、段、章(3/15/C)该读的怎么读快：实战的快速阅读一定杜绝逐字翻译、声读、心读、回读。做到直接反应英文意思，以意群为单位，比心读或声读稍快 的速度阅读，一遍阅读，合理化推测；坚持训练两个月必成速读神 功！Notonly/did it/solveaproblem that/had intrigued m an/for ages,/but,more im portantly,/it literally/opened the door to/exploration of the universe.速度与理解“速度不能快到不能理解，不能慢到不值得。”寻求你自己的速度理 解平衡点。1)主动阅读：读到一句话要问自己WHY?Call us before you dig.You may not be able to do so afterwards.2)学会预测：预测的意义在于激活已有知识.(DaVinci Code)What do whales feel?雅思词汇问题 雅思考试中完全不用掌握的单词：Chrysanthem um;meridian kidney,leukem ia,cervical,pneumonia,bronchitis,influenza(3/1 9/第二段)jerky,wobbling(4/29/3032)必须掌握的单词：4500 四级词：pairs/sharp/surrender/exaggerate AWL 词：utilize/contract/com pound/facilitate/corporate(4/40/31-32)AWL词汇在雅思文章中的重要性 Tourism,holidaymaking and travel are these days more sianificant social Dhenom eca than most com m entators have considered.On the face of it there could not be a more trivial subject for a book.And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics such as work or politics it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more trivial phenom ena such as holidaymaking.However there are interesting oarallels with the study of deviance.This involves the investiaation of bizarre and idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some societies but not necessarily in others.The assum Dtion is that the investiaation of deviance can reveal interesting and sianificant aspects of normal societies.It could be said that a sim ilar analvsis can be applied to tourism.AWL词汇对解题的重要性 List of Headings-The politics of tourism-The cost of tourism-Justifying the study of tourism-Tourism contrasted with travel-The essence of modem tourism-Tourism versus leisure-The artificiality of modem tourism-The role of modem tour guides-Creating an alternative to the everyday experience-博客上下载AWL词汇表，每节课带来。如何阅读句子 快速读出主谓宾 熟读一些特殊句型 读懂句子在上下文中的作用读出主谓宾 他看书。困倦的他在看书。一夜没睡的困倦的他在看一本发黄的书。斜靠在沙发上，没有血色的嘴唇上叨着一支不知什么时候早已经熄 灭的雪茄烟，一夜没睡的他目光呆滞地借助一盏忽明忽亮的摇曳的 油灯绝望地在无精打采地看着一本发黄了的、但却保存得颇为完整 的现在市面上很难买到的名叫准备雅思考试的你能读懂这句不仅 无聊之极而且无耻之极的话么？的旧书。读出主谓宾 A few years ago,in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiment in behavioral psychology,Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from allwalksof lifefortheirwillingnessto obey instructions given by a leader in a situation in w hich the subjects m ight feel a distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.读出主谓宾 A few years ago,in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiment in behavioral psychology,Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40subjects from allwalksof lifefortheirwillingnessto obey instructions given by a leader in a situation in w hich the subjects m ight feel a distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.熟读一些特殊句型强调句型：It wasnt until the eighteenth century that Europe became seriously interested in the possibilities of using the rocket itself as a weapon of war and not just to propel other weapons.双重否定：There is no such thing as an unbiased observation.否定前置：Typically,children do not end up on the streets due to a single cause,but to a combination of factors.怎么快速读懂特殊句型 读不懂的惟一原因：我们的大脑不熟悉这些句子的语序表达习惯。在快速阅读中这和语法没有关系。如之奈何？读不懂一读懂一读顺一读爽一间隔再读一别扭一再读顺一重复一很 久不读也能一遍读懂。读出句子在上下文中的作用 背景，加强型说理，解释，例证，转折等 Arent you cold?Warm air rises.空调制热风口应该向下 空调制热风口应该向上 热胀冷缩原理 实验最后得出 房间各个地方温度不一样.剑三1 5页A段先看文章还是先看题？题目：The reason for the simplicity of the I ndian way of life is that Amazonia has always been unable to support a more complex society.(3/67/1 6)原文：MThe apparent sim plicity of the Indians w ay of life has been judged as an evolutionary adaptation to forest ecology,living proof that Amazonia could not and cannot sustain a more complex society.H“The popular conception of Amazonia and its native residents would be enormously consequential if it were true.”阅读步骤和做题步骤 1.读标题:The truth about the environment 2.Skimming 文章-3.浏览人名，数字，粗体词等特殊信息。浏览图表、示意图(动笔,5 minutes)4.阅读答题指引。-5.阅读题目例子。6.阅读题干问句。7.划出定位词。-8.回原文匹配后答题。雅思阅读技能之一：Skimming 什么是 Skimming?如何Skimming：首二末句十首末段 Skimming三要素：对象，结构，方向对象、结构、方向 Once north of Cairo,most of the Nile water is diverted into more than10,000 kilometers of irrigation canals and only a small proportion reaches the sea directly through the rivers in the delta.The water in the irrigation canals is still or very slow-moving and thus cannot carry the sediment.The sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals and then is added to fields by farmers or pumped with the water into the four large freshwater lagoons that are located near the out edges of the delta.So very little of it actually reaches the coastline to replace what is being washed away by the Mediterranean currents.对象、结构、方向 Once north of Cairo,most of the Nile water is diverted into more than 10,000 kilometers of irrigation canals and only a small proportion reaches the sea directly through the rivers in the delta.The water in the irrigation canals is still or very slow-moving and thus cannot carry the sediment.The sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals and then is added to fields by farmers or pumped with the water into the four large freshwater lagoons that are located near the out edges of the delta.So very little of it actually reaches the coastline to replace what is being washed away by the Mediterranean currents.对象、结构、方向 Once north of Cairo,most of the Nile water is diverted into more than 10,000 kilometers of irrieatiou canals and only a small proportion reaches the sea directly through the rivers in the delta.The water in the irrigation cacals is still or very slow-moving and thus cannot carry the sediment.The sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals and then is added to fields by farmers or pumped with the water into the four large freshwater lagoons that are located near the out edges of the delta.So very little of it actually reaches the coastline to replace what is being washed away by the Mediterranean currents.对象、结构、方向 Once north of Cairo,most of the Nile water is diverted into more than 10,000 kilometers of irrieatiou canals and only a small proportion reaches the sea directly through the rivers in the delta.The water in the irrigation cacals is still or very slow-moving and thus cannot carry the sediment.The sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals and then is added to fields by farmers or pumped with the water into the four large freshwater lagoons that are located near the out edges of the delta.So very little of it actually reaches the coastline to replace what is being washed away by the Mediterranean currents.Skimming练习：3/43 Government&environment Farm ing affects earth Farm ing dam ages environment Governm ent com pou nds dam age governm ent dam age in poor contries Results of Uruguay Round阅读技能之二：Scanning 什么是scanning?剑J三1 5 考试性速读与欣赏性精读：购物与逛街 Scanning的两个步骤：知道要找什么：快准狠地划出定位词 迅速地找到它：快速搜寻定位词的特点：剑三40-特殊性：数字，大写，斜体，带引号的词，带联字符的词-11 has been suggested that children hold m istaken views about the pure science that they study at school.-不可替换性：名词优先 The blind and sighted people perceived the sym bolism in abstract shapes in the sim ilar w ay.-细节性：以最小的概念单位作为最终定位词 Job descriptions elim inate role am biguity for m anagers.-最好划出2个定位词：避免一次扑空 Young people often reject the established way of life in their com m unity.一一对应如何训练Scanning阅读练习 双人合作 连连看 大家来找茬 舒而特表定义 根据原文对题干进行考点方向上而非精确性的意思判断。题干原文方 向一致为TRUE,矛盾为FALSE,不能判断TF才为NOT Gl VEN。题干：I n the past,Australians had a hiaher opinion of doctors than they do today.原文：The high standing of professionals including doctors,has been eroded as a consequence in Australia.讲义：判断原则TFNG题型 常见的考点 是非类题干：The principles of the Ottawa Charter are considered to be out of date in the 1 990s.原文：The Ottawa Charter remains as the backbone of health action today.可能/绝对类题干：Hewsons modifications resulted in a higher success rate for children of all ages.原文：For three-year-olds,no im provem ent resultedfrom the change.常见的考点 因果条件类题干：The Navajo language will die out because it currently has too few speakers.原文：Navajo is considered endangered despite having 1 50,000 speakers.目的类 题干：The study at the Prince William Hospital aim ed to find out the causes of absenteeism amongst 250 nurses.原文：The Prince William Hospital study attempted to reduce the level of absenteeism among the 250 registered and Enrolled nurses.常见的考点 比较类题干：Vehicle pollution is worse in Europe cities than anyw here else.题干：The study at the Prince William Hospital found sim ilar results to the tw o 1 98 9 studies.数字/时间类题干：The 1 990 survey related to 550,000consuItations with alternative therapists.原文：550,000 consultations with alternative therapists were reported in the 1 990 survey.常见的考点 地点类题干：I n 1 903,women in Austr如ia w ere still not allowed to vote.原文：1 n 1 903,New Zealand,Australia and parts of the United States had already enfranchised women,and grow ing num bers of their British counterparts wanted the same opportunity.阅读考景核心：paraphrasing 题干：Many cities did more trade w ithin their ow n countrv than with overseas ports.原文：What evidence we have suggests that domestic trade was greater at all periods than external trade.不考察的情况 不考察逻辑推理 不考察数学能力 不考察修辞比喻 不考察文化差异 不考察背景知识考点词：点对点 题目：The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the m edia.原文：I n the face of the frequent and often vivid m edia coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests.考点词两个重要特点 有明确反义词的词是考点词。The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the m edia.一道题最终只有二个考点词，大方向才是真考点。The twentieth-centurv collections com e mainly from m ainstream societies such as the US and Eu rooe.有明确反义词的词才是考点词 题干：Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only averagely good.原文：Bicycle use was not included in the study but New m an noted that the two most bicycle friendly cities considered-Am sterdam and Copenhagen-were very efficient,even though their public transport systems were“reasonable but not special”.大方向才是真考点 题干：The low financial cost of setting up w ilderness tourism m akes it attractive to many countries.原文：The attraction of these areas is obvious:by definition,w ilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment.可以总结归纳；严禁自己推理 题干：It is probably a good idea to keep dress as a role sign even nowadays.原文：The current trend towards blurring these role signs in dress is probably democratic,but it also m akes som e people very insecure.题干：Modern work uractices create ucemDlovment.原文：Modern work practices allows for a flat organization.The result is more and better quality work is achieved by few er people.可以总结归纳；严禁自己推理 题干：Alternative therapists earn higher salaries than doctors.原文：Increasing numbers of Australian doctors,particularly younger ones,are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses them selves.Part of the incentive w as financial,Dr Laver said.uThe bottom line is that m ost general practitioners are business people.I f they see potential clientele going else-w here,they m ight want to be able to offer a sim ilar service.55区别：F100%否定原文，否则为NG 问自己：有可能是T么？有可能F么？题干：The No-Aircraft-Noise Party is only popular in the city.原文：The No-Aircraft-Noise Party is popular in city and suburban areas.原文：The No-Aircraft-Noise Party is popular in urban areas.NG常见的情况 原文未出现题干中的相关考点信息（无法定位），或不能判断为T 或者F。题干：Mintel undertakes market surveys on an annual basis.题干：Extinct species are beisa replaced bv new species.原文：Although species are indeed becom ing extinct,only about 0.7%of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years.区别：F100%否定原文，否则为NG 题目：0n Receipt of your deposit,Wessex Cottages will confirm your booking bv teleohone.原文:When we receive your booking form and deposit,your reservation will be confirmed-we will send you a Booking Confirm at ion,together with advice on how to reach your holiday cottage and the telephone num ber of a local contact should you require further details on the cottage before leaving home.区别：F100%否定原文，否则为NG 题目：Data on the Earths natural resources has onlv been collected since 1 972.原文：Energy and other natural resources have becom e more abundant since the book“The Lim its to Growth5 w as published in 1 972.*原文：I n recent years,grow ing num bers of people have been willing to m ake such horizontal m oves.This trend m ay result from several sources,such as peoples needs to seek fulfillment by doing different kinds of work or by their belief that they m ight sooner be able to m ake a vertical m ovem ent by first moving horizontally into a field with great opportunities for advancement.区别：F100%否定原文，否则为NG 题干：A PI N is allocated when you purchase your Prepaid Services Card.原文：For added security,a card user may choose to allocate a PI N or Personal Identification Number to their Prepaid Services Card.The PI N m ust then be entered each time the card is used.区别：F100%否定原文，否则为NG 题干：The main reason people make horizontal career moves is because they are unhappy with their present work.bothand等考点.both.and;.not only.but also.;neither.nor.题干：Teachers aim to teach both word recognition and word meaning.原文：A teachers main concern is to help young beginner readers to develop not only the ability to recognize words,but skills necessary to understand w hat these w ords m ean.关于技巧 题干中出现可能性、程度委婉的词选T可能性较大(70%)：Applications of Al have already had a degree of success.题干中出现绝对化的词选F可能性比较大(70%)：Wilderness tourism operates throughout the year in fragile areas.观点结论选T的可能性较大(70%)：某个专家说，文章中表明 等：It has been suaaested that children hold m istaken views about the pure science that they study at school.关于技巧 两个对象进行比较选NG的可能性比较高。(80%)Girls are more likelv than boys to hold m istaken views about the rainforests destruction.有几种考点NG的可能性非常低:时间、数字(90%)三种答案一般都存在：90%TF总量差不多，NG最少看清比较级 Archaeology isa moredemanding field of study than anthropology.Anthropologists define culture in more than one w ay.The growing international importance of athletics means that gifted athletes can be recognized at a younger age.The fact that childrens ideas about science form part of a larger