河南省豫西名校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期第二次联考试题.doc

河南省豫西名校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期第二次联考试题

河南省豫西名校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期第二次联考试题

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河南省豫西名校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期第二次联考试题
(考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Meet some famous US bridge engineers. They played key roles during the late 1800s and early 1900s.
John A. Roebling(1806-1869)
John Roehling moved to the United States from Germany in 1830. He invented a way to make wire rope(钢丝索)to hold suspension(悬浮) bridges. He built his first railroad suspension bridges from Niagara, New York to Canada. His most famous bridge is New York's Brooklyn Bridge. He died after an accident during the construction. His son Washington completed the bridge by following his careful plans.
Ralph Modjeski(1861-1940)
Ralph Modjeski was born in Poland. He moved to the United States in 1876. By the early 1890s, he had opened his own bridge-building firm in Chicago. He built suspension and railroad bridges all over the country. His most famous bridge is the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. He also employed Joseph B. Strauss. Strauss later opened his own firm and changed the idea of Bascule bridges(竖旋桥). Strauss is most famous for building the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
Conde McCullough(1887-1946)
Conde McCullough grew up in Lowa. His fame took off when he moved to Oregon in 1926. He oversaw the state's Department of Transportation for 25 years. During that time, he helped build many bridges along Oregon's newly constructed coastal Highway 101. He combined(结合)artistic styles with practical function. He became known for his use of simple but attractive arches(拱门).
Othmar Ammann( 1861-1965)
Othmar Ammann was born in Switzerland. He settled in New York City in 1904. He worked on some of the most famous bridges that keep that city connected. They include the George Washington Bridge, the Triborough Bridge, the Goethals Bridge, and the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge. Ammann was known for his ability to create bridges that combined beauty with strength.
21. Who completed New York's Brooklyn Bridge at last?
A. John A. Roebling. B. Washington. C. Conde McCullough. D. Othmar Ammann.
22. Which bridge is Strauss famous for?
A. The George Washington Bridge. B. The Golden Gate Bridge.
C. The San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. D. The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge.
23. What do the persons mentioned in the text have in common?
A. They were horn in the same place. B. They were all famous in the early 1800s.
C. They all set up their firms. D. They were all famous bridge engineers in the United States.
B
The owner of a New Jersey frame shop has been unable to operate his business since late March. But that hasn't stopped him from taking over 500 trips to the grocery store for free for seniors staying at home to avoid exposure(暴露)to COVID-19.
Making deliveries(递送)is nothing new for Greg Dailey. He has risen at 4 a. m. every morning to deliver newspapers for the past 25 years. What had always been a second job has now turned into his main source of income-and a new way to be generous.
It all started when an 88-year-old woman on his East Windsor route asked him to throw the newspaper closer to her door, so that she wouldn't have to walk far to get it. He obliged(施恩惠), without thinking much of it at the time. It was a few days later, in line at the grocery store, that he thought of her again.
"If she can't walk 20 feet to get her newspaper, how is she getting groceries?" Greg told CNN. "So, I called her and asked if she needed anything." Particularly grateful for his request, she asked him to pick up one small order for her, and one for her neighbor across the street.
It was then that Greg thought about the hundreds of other senior customers along his route, and how he could make a world of difference for them. So, he decided to offer his services to anyone who needs groceries, household products, etc.
Grueling as it may sound, Greg says that the satisfaction keeps him from feeling tired. He hopes to reopen his frame shop, but even so, he plans to do whatever he can to help these seniors, and he is now working with the Florida-based charity Love a Senior to start a New Jersey chapter of the organization and get others involved in his inspiring work.
24. What did Greg do during COVID-19 pandemic?
A. He helped people buy newspapers. B. He offered free service to seniors.
C. He went on a trip. D. He found a part-time job.
25. How did the 88-year-old woman feel for Greg's service?
A. Thankful. B. Doubtful. C. Resistant. D. Surprised.
26. What does the underlined word "Grueling" probably mean in the last paragraph?
A. Unique. B. Busy. C. Unbelievable. D. Tiring.
27. What may be the best title of the passage?
A. A special grocery store B. Deliveries during COVID-19 pandemic
C. Generous love during COVID-19 pandemic D. Seniors Trapped during COVID-19 pandemic
C
Wildfires lit by humans have been found to be sending huge amounts of carbon(碳)into our oceans via rivers every year.
When trees and other vegetation(植被)are incompletely burned, they release black carbon into the air, which can last for centuries on land and even longer in oceans. Now we have the best global picture of how much of the stuff is making its way to the sea: around a third of all the black carbon produced by fires.
Unlike the two-thirds that stays on the land, the carbon ending up in the oceans will stay there much longer, says Matthew Jones at the University of East Anglia in the UK. "Once it reaches the oceans, it has potential for storage over tens of thousands of years. That's why we care about it. It's almost locked up for the distant future," he says.
Jones and his colleagues looked at 409 measurements of black carbon dissolved(溶解)in the waters of 34 major rivers globally, plus many smaller rivers, including far more data from the tropics(热带)than previous efforts. They then modeled how it would travel to the oceans. "It's quite breathtaking how long-lived this material is and how much ends up in the environment," says Jones.
The team found that the amount of black carbon being carried by rivers varies generally around the world, with the rivers in the tropics carrying twice what those in cooler, temperate regions do.
When compared with emissions(排放)from humanity's fossil(化石)fuel use, the actual amount reaching the oceans is relatively small. However, says Jones, understanding how black carbon is being moved around is important for building better climate models and for our understanding of the global carbon cycle.
The amount being produced by fires has been relatively stable for the past two decades, with forest fires being offset(抵消)by savannah(大草原)being turned into farmland, which reduces the amount of vegetation available to burn. But Jones points out that more fires are expected as the world warms, which will deliver more black carbon into the oceans.
28. What happens to the black carbon produced by forest fires?
A. One third stays on the land. B. It will disappear in a few years.
C. Large amounts of it ends up in the ocean. D. It lasts longer on the land than in the ocean.
29. What can we learn from Paragraphs 4 and 5?
A. The research deals with 409 rivers in all.
B. The research only focus on the amount of black carbon.
C. Black carbon finally ends up in the ocean by rivers.
D. The rivers in the tropics has less black carbon because of the temperature.
30. What does Jones agree with?
A. The carbon produced by humans is small.
B. Better climate models will be built soon.
C. The amount of carbon produced by forest fire is falling.
D. The amount of carbon reaching the ocean won't he reduced.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Environment. B. Science. C. Entertainment. D. Health.
D
Shining a deep red light for three minutes a day into your eyes, even through the eyelid, can significantly improve declining(下降)eyesight, finds a new university College London-led study, the first of its kind in humans.
"As you age, your visual(视觉的)system declines significantly, particularly once over 40," said the study's lead author Professor Glen Jeffery from the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology.
At the start of the study, 24 people(12 male, 12 female)between the ages of 28 and 72 with no eye disease were tested for the sensitivity(敏感性)of their rods and cones(视杆细胞和视锥细胞). Rod sensitivity was measured in dark adapted eyes by asking participants(参加者)to discover dark light signals, and cone function was tested by subjects identifying colored letters that had very low contrast(对比)and appeared increasingly unclear-a process called color contrast.
All participants were then given a small LED torch(手电筒)to take home and were asked to look into its deep red 670nm light beam fur three minutes a day for two weeks. (Participants were free to close their eyes and place them over the devices(装置)since the red light is not filtered(过滤)by the eyelid.) They were then re-tested for their cod and cone sensitivity.
The researchers found that although the 670nm light had no effect on younger individuals, significant improvements were obtained in those around 40 years old and over. Cone color contrast sensitivity(the ability to detect colors)improved by up to 20%, particularly in the blue part of the color spectrum(光谱)that is more vulnerable in aging. Rod sensitivity (the ability to see in low light) also improved significantly, though less than color contrast.
"Our study shows that it is possible to significantly improve vision that has declined in aged individuals by using simple brief exposures to light wavelengths that recharge the energy system that has declined in the retina(视网膜)cells," said Professor Jeffery. "The technology is simple and very safe, using a deep red light of a specific wavelength that is absorbed by mitochondria(线粒体) in the retina to supply energy for cellular function."
32. What do we know about the study?
A. 24 old people took part in the test.
B. Some of the participants had eye diseases.
C. All the participants were tested twice for their rod and cone sensitivity.
D. The way that the sensitivity of participants' rods and cone was tested was the same.
33. What does Professor Jeffery expect from their study?
A. To improve declining eyesight with age. B. To cure eye diseases for the old.
C. To supply energy for the elderly. D. To lengthen the lives of the elderly.
34. What is the text mainly about?
A. Using a LED torch can improve the rods and cone sensitivity.
B. Shining a deep red light can improve failing eyesight with age.
C. Looking into a red light can keep the people's eyes healthy.
D. Light can change the declining eyesight.
35. Where is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A science magazine. C. A travel brochure. D. A local newspaper.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Use a Modern Public Library
Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? 36 It's been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have been turned into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
Check out a book. While libraries still loan out(出借)books, you'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative(合作)network of area libraries. 37 Once the book you've requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
38 . The library is now a multimedia(多媒体)zone, loaded with information in many formats(载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some library even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn't offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown.
Join targeted reading groups. 39 Perhaps you'd like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may arrange a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities.
Start a business with the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will offer locally supplied information about business management. 40 .
A. Check out other items.
B. Load more information.
C. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles.
D. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various groups.
E. They will also offer printing, faxing and database services you need.
F. If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
G. You will find it relaxing to bring your child to the library.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We thought marathons(马拉松)were intense, but they have nothing on Megio Mark! Over the past six years, the 29-year-old has 41 more than 12,400 miles from Estonia to Indonesia and visited 20 42 . Most importantly, lie met his wife-Sam!
Megio was living a 43 life until lie heard a TED Talk by Jean Beliveau in 2014. Jean 44 the story of his l I-year hike across the world, and Megio was instantly 45 . In fact, when he heard the stranger's words, he said, "Something 46 inside me."
So with less than $ 9 to his name, Megio 47 on a grand adventure! In order to 48 it through, he knew he would have to rely on the 49 of strangers along the way, and they didn't let him down!
Over the years, more than 2,200 people have helped him on his 50 by letting him join their family for a meal, hosting him for a few nights, or 51 encouraging him to keep going. Megio knows the number because he's kept a diary to 52 all the goodness he's been shown!
He's visited places like Poland, Romania, Greece, Turkey, Iran, and Singapore. One of his 53 stops was Vietnam because that's where he met the woman who is now his 54 : Sam!
Even now, Megio hasn't finished traveling. He plans to 55 his hike until he's walked the same 56 as the earth's equator(赤道), which comes out to nearly 25,000 miles.
While he's had to stop now because of COVID-19, he's 57 to get back out there. "I never felt like quitting yet, even in 58 times," he said, "The more I critically(批判地) analyze my journey, the more I want to continue I always hold the 59 that all the challenges are actually very great 60 that can really help us to become wiser, better, and stronger!"
41. A. cycled B. hiked C. drove D. flew
42. A. suburbs B. harbours C. c