初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题.doc

初中英语近义词辨析专项练习
tell  talk  say  speak
tell 告诉，讲述  可接双宾语
talk 交谈 有talk with/to
say 说 强调说的内容，有say to sb
speak 说某种语言  其直接宾语为语言，若要对某人或物说，则用speak to
1 Can you _____ me the truth?
2 What language do you ____?
3 This is what they ____ yesterday.
4 Don’t ___　in class，please be quiet.
.look  look at  see  watch
look 看起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）
look at 朝…看  强调看的方向
see 看见   强调看到的结果
watch 观看  尤其指看电视，看球赛等
1 The coat ____ nice, I want to buy one for my daughter.
2 Please _______ the blackboard, can you ___  anything?
3 She doesn’t like ____ TV,but she likes _____ football game.
.sound  listen to  hear
sound 听起来  （系动词，接形容词作表语）
listen to 听  强调听的动作与方向
hear 听见   强调听的结果
1 ____ the radio, it says the flood is coming soon.
2 I can’t ____ you , because there’s something wrong with my ears.
3 What you said ____ interesting.
.hear from    hear of
hear from 收到…的来信
hear of  听说…的消息
1 After ____ her sister, she read and soon wrote back.
2 Have you _____ the place called Shenglong?
.receive      accept
receive 收到 强调收的动作
accept 接受，收下  强调收的结果
He _____ a present yesterday, but he didn’t _____ it, because it was too much expensive and he sent it back.
.look up   look for  find   find out
look up 查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间
look for 寻找  强调找的动作
find 找到  强调结果
find out 发现结果  是指经过调查、研究、分析或判断等努力而发现的结论
1 He often takes a dictionary and ______ the new words in it?
2 The little girl _____ her pen everywhere but didn’t _____ it at last.
3 Look! Rita is crying over there. Let’s go and _____ why is she crying.
.keep  borrow  lend
keep 借 是一个延续性动词
borrow 借（进） 强调从别人那里借来，有borrow… from
lend 借（出）强调将东西借给别人，有 lend …to
1 – My bike is broken, can I ___ yours ,Lily?
-Oh, sorry, I’ve ____ it to Sandy.
2 –How long may I ____ this book?
-For about two weeks.
.reach  arrive  get
reach 到达，够得着  是个及物动词
arrive 到达 不及物动词，有arrive in/ at
get 到达 不及物动词， 有get to
1 They will ____ in Chengdu next week.
2 How do you ___ to school every day?
3 Use a longer stick, then you can ____ the apples.
.thanks to   thanks for
thank to 幸亏，由于
thanks for 因…谢谢
1 ______ your help, I’ve understand it.
2 ______ the cats, mice dare not come and eat my food.
.give in    give up
give in 投降
give up 放弃 代词放中间，后面可接动词-ing分词
1 We shouldn’t _____ learning English!
2 I would rather die than _____ before my enemies.
.achieve     come true
achieve 实现（理想、愿望、预言等） 及物动词，主语一般为人
come true 实现  不及物动词组  一般由物（理想、愿望、预言等）作主语
1 He works so hard that he is sure to___ his dream.
2 His prediction of human’s flying to the moon _____.
.turn off   close    turn on   open
turn off 关（电器）
close 关（门、窗、书等）
turn on 开（电器）
open 开（门、窗、书等）
1 _____ the windows please, it’s so cold outside.
2 ____ the lights before you leave the room.
3 The dog _____ the box and took the bone out!
4 _____ the TV, I want to watch the NBA basketball games.
.break off   break out    break into   break down
break off 中断关系，突然终止
break out 指战争爆发
break into 非法进入或闯入
break down 坏掉，（车、船等）抛锚，中途不工作
1 He was late for school yesterday, because his car ____ on the half way.
2 The World WarⅡ ____ when she was only five.
3 They ____ their friendship and didn’t talk to each other any more.
4 Last night a thief _____ my house and took away my TV.
. solve reply  answer
solve 解决（问题）及物动词   常与problem 连用
reply 回复，答复 不及物动词  常与to连用
answer 回答   及物动词   常与question 连用
1 What did Mr Smith ____ to what others said?
2 No one in our class can ______ this question.
3 It’s too difficult for everyone to ______ that problem.
.hope     wish
hope 希望 指较为现实的想法 常有hope to do 或hope + 从句，但没有hope sb to do
wish 希望 指不太现实的要求或想法 有wish to do 或 wish sb to do。也有wish+从句，但这时的从句多用虚拟语气，及从句中常有could 或 should等
1 – The weather may be fine tomorrow.
- I ____ so.
2 Mum ____ me to be a doctor in the future.
3 How I ____ I could fly to the moon!
.take  cost  spend  pay
take 花费 尤指花费时间,主语为物  常有it takes sb some time to do sth
cost 花费 指花金钱 ，主语为物    常有cost sb some money
spend 花费  主语为人 常有spend… doing 或spend…on sth
pay 花费  主语为人  常有pay…for
1 It often ___ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.
2 – Who will ____ for the bill?
- Maybe our boss.
3 The house ___ him 30,000 dollars.
4 His cousin _____ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.
.take part in    join
take part in 参加某项活动
join 参加某个组织、团体、俱乐部、军队、党团或个人
1 Mr Wang ___ the Party 5 years ago.
2 They invited Lily ______ that party.
.do with    deal with
do with 处理，应付  在问句中要与what 连用
deal with 处理，对付 在问句中要与how连用
1 How can you ___  that problem?
2 What do you ____ the event?
.put on   wear  dress
put on 穿上 强调穿衣的动作，宾语为物
wear 穿着  强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词，宾语为物
dress 给…穿衣服，宾语为人
1 _____ the warm clothes, it’s cold outside.
2 Mary is always ______ red clothes . Maybe red is her favorite color.
3 The little boy could ______ himself when he was three years old.
.win   lose   beat
win 赢得  宾语为物
lose 输掉  宾语为物
beat 战胜，打败  宾语为人
1 Our team has ___ the football match, we are all happy. But they are frustrated, because theirs ____ the match.
2 The Brazilian football team ___ us 5-0 in that match, all the Chinese fans were very sad.
.be made in   be made of   be made from   be made up of
be made in 在哪里制作，后面接产地
be made of 由…制成，看得出原料
be made from由…制成，看不出原料
be made up of由…组成，强调由个体组成整体
1 The desk _______ wood.
2 This kind of watch ______ Shanghai.
3 Our class ______ 50 students.
4 Paper _______ bamboo.
.have been to   have been in   have gone to
have been to 曾经去过（现在在说话地），可与次数连用
have been in在某地呆
have gone to已经去了（现在不在说话地）
1 They ______ Italy for more than 7 years, so Italy is their second home.
2 This person can’t be Yao Ming, for Yao _______ America.
3 – How many times _______ Hainan?
- Only 3 times.
1. too much / much too
1.The computer is ____ expensive.
2.Stop, Peter. You talked ____.
3.I’ve got ____ work to do.
4.Father, have a rest. You’ve ____ tired today.
5.Hurry up! You have wasted ___ time.
2. holiday/ vacation
1.Christmas is a ____ for everybody.
2.The children will take their summer __ in half a month.
3.My father is on _____.
3. close/ shut off/ turn off
1.You’d better ____the motor. It is making too much noise.
2.All the shops are ____ now.
3.She didn’t __ the door and entered the house.
4.He ____ the lights before he left the lab.
5._____ the television, please.
4. instead/ instead of/ without
1.I don’t like this one; please give me that____.
2.He stayed at home studying English ___ going to the cinema.
3.Tom passed by me ___ saying hello to me.
4.He went to school by bike ____ by car.
5.If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me _____.
5. many/ much / lots of / a lot ( of )
1.____ of the visitors are workers.
2.Has Jack ____ money?
3.During those three weeks, he ate ____ meat.
4.I did not understand why you had so _____ strange questions.
5.Although he is a boy, he reads _____.
6 above all / after all / first of all / at all
1.Never waste anything, but ___ never waste time.
2._____, let me introduce myself to you.
3.What are you doing here ___ at all?
4.He is still a child ____. Don’t blame him.
5.I don’t know him _____.
7. passed/ past
1.They hurried ____ the building.
2.Tom _____ by me without greeting just now.
3.The train for the small town leaves at ten __ eight.
4.Two weeks had ____ since Martin had seen him.
5.In the ____ I have had many jobs.
8. agree to / agree with / agree on
1.I ____ what he said.
2.All those who _____ the plan, raise your hands.
3.We _____ leaving there the next day.
4.Finally he _____ get someone to help me.
5.The food doesn’t _____ him.
9. build/ found/ set up/ put up
1.Last year a cinema was _____ near our school.
2.The rich man _____ the hospital and a school in the town where he was born.
3.The nursery was _____ in our school.
4.The newspaper reporter _____ his camera under a tree.
5.They must ____ good relations with the masses.
10. as / like
1.she is a fine girl, ____ her mother used to be.
2.It looks ____ a stone.
3.____ you know, he got into lots of bad habits.
4.You are just ____ what I expected.
5.He ought to do ____ I tell him.
11. a number of / the number of
1.There were _____ people out this afternoon.
2.Do you write down _____ my telephone?
3._____ of trees planted is never under 200 in our village every year.
4.We have lived here _____ years.
5._____ of jobless people grow in the country at present.
12. get( be ) ready / prepare / prepare for
1.Mother is busy _____ us lunch in the kitchen.
2.The doctor told the nurses to ____ the operation at once.
3.We all ____ to do anything for the people.
4.Will you help me ____ the party?
5.Please _____ by seven tomorrow morning.
13. information/ news/ message
1. I have a ____ for you from my teacher.
2.There is much new ____ in this book.
3.They were listening to the ____ over the radio
4.Will you take this ____ to your brother ?.
5.They have no _____ about where she has gone.
14. the same… as / the same… that
1.The girl has ___ hair ___ her mother had.
2.He was about ___ age ____ Tom.
3.China is not ____ the country ____ she was.
4.The computer costs ______ mine.
5.He teaches English in the ____ school _____ my brother does
15. learn/ study
1.She is ____ to drive a car.
2.The subject he ____ was chemistry.
3.Why don’t you _____ from my mistakes?
4.- What is he ___here? – Law. He is a law student.
5.The old and the young should __from each other.
16. but/ however/ while
1.I like the film, _____ I have no time to see it.
2. It’s raining hard. ____ , I think we should go out.
3. He said that it was so; he was mistaken _____.
4. She listened to me closely ____ he read something.
17. for example/ such as
1. He, ____ , is a good teacher.
2. I know many students of your school, Wang Hong, ____.
3. He can speak five foreign languages, _____ German and French.
4. He knows several languages, _____ , he knows English and Japanese.
5. Boys ____ John and James are very friendly.
18. answer/ reply
1. She failed to ____ to my question.
2. _____ my question in English, please.
3. We haven’t ____ to his letter yet.
4. None of us knew the ____ to the problem.
19. That is( was ) because../ That is ( was ) why…
1. It was a long way and we wanted to come back on the same day. _____ we started to so early.
2. You have failed again this time. _____ you are proud.
3. Tom is ill. ____ he hasn’t come today.
4. Tom is ill. _____ he wore too little yesterday.
5. He was late. ____ his teacher got angry.
20. near/ close
1. The school is ____ to my house.
2. the post office is quite ____.
3. Children’s Day is quite ____.
4. He stood on the ____ bank of the river.
5. He is one of my ___ friends.
21. on fire/ on the fire
1. The house is ___. Please call the firefighters.
2. In the ancient time, people used to cook whole animals _____.
3. Don’t put your clothes ____. It’s dangerous.
4. I don’t know who set the house ______.
5. Look out! The pan is ____ .
22. alive/ living/ live
1. Who is the greatest man ____?
2. My brother bought a ___ fish?
3. The ____ people are more important than the dead.
4. The badly wounded soldier was unconscious but still _____.
5. When we found him ten days later, he was still ______.
23. greatly/ very / much
1. Since then the number of milu deer there was ___ increased.
2. I think he is ____ old.
3. Now it is ____ easier to make plans for our trips.
4. I don’t ___ like it.
5. He is ___ too busy.
24. cost/ spend/ take/ pay
1. It ___ us two hours to clean the room.
2. I ___ a lot of money on books every year.
3. the clothes ___ me 200 yuan.
4. Her sister ___ 200 yuan for that dress.
5. I’m ____ a lot more time in writing English than before.
25. wear/ put on / have on / dress
1. Do you know the girl who ____ a red skirt?
2. He often ____ a black jacket ____.
3. He _____ his coat and went out.
4. I _____ my brother every morning.
5. she is ____ in a new dress.
26. job/ work
1. I have a lot of ____ to do today.
2. They are hard at _____.
3. He has a ____ as a teacher.
4. I always take a ____ in my holiday.
5. Something is wrong with the _____ of my watch.
27. included/ including
1. Their names are -_____ in the list.
2. There are a lot of names in the list, ___ his name.
3. There are a lot of names in the list, his name ___.
4. The rent is 4 yuan a month ____ water and electricity.
5. The price ______ postage then.
28. how many times/ how soon / how often / how long
1. I don’t know _____ this will take.
2. I wonder ____ he will come.
3. “ ____ have you been to Beijing?” “ 4 times.”
4. _ _____ do the American people elect a president?
_ Every four years.
5. _____ is the longest river?
29. mainly/ mostly
1. She is _____ out on Sundays.
2. She uses her car _____ for her job.
3. The audience consisted ____ of educated young people.
4. All of you have made mistakes, but you are ____ to be blamed.
5. He depended ____ on his father to finish his education.
30. feel like/ would like
1. I don’t ____ walking very much today.
2. I _____ to have dinner with you.
3. What ___ you ____ to do now?
4. Do you ____ having something to eat?
5. I ____ a walk after supper.
31. across/ through
1. Look around when you walk _____ the street.
2. She drove straight ____ the town.
3. There is no bridge ____ the river.
4. Water flows ___ this pipe.
5. The river is 10 metres ____.
32. accept/ receive
1. I ____ his letter yesterday.
2. He didn’t ____ my suggestion.
3. We shall ____ you as a friend.
4. I’ve ___ an invitation to the ball, but I can’t __it because I don’t know whether I’ll be able to attend..
5. she ___ a good education.
33. provide… for / provide… with
1. They provided us ___ all the books we need.
2. The school provided food ___ the students.
3. We are provided ___ everything we need for work.
4. The manager of the guest house provides everything ____ the guests.
5. Can you provide me ____ a room for the night?
34. right away/ right now/ just now
1. We must be off ___ . It’s eight already.
2. She is cooking her meals __.
3. Don’t talk about this ____.
4. He was here ____ .
5. Do it _____.
35. compare/ compare… with / compare… to
1. If you ____ these two words, you can tell the difference between them.
2. Please _____ this word ____ that one and tell me the difference.
2. We usually _____ children ____ flowers of the motherland.
36. country / nation/ state/ land
1. How many ____ are there in the world?
2. All the natural resources are managed by the ____.
3. Trade between _____ in better than war.
4. He was forced to leave his native _____.
56. one another/ each other
1. The two sisters were caught in a strong storm. They encouraged ____ all the way.
2. All the students in our class should help ____.
3. All of us didn’t accept _____ opinion.
37. custom/ habit
1.He has formed the ____ of smoking after meals.
2. It is the ____ in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival.
3. He has fallen into the _____ of getting up late.
4. They broke some of the old _____.
38. care fo