英语教案：宾语从句.doc

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宾语从句的讲解 (两课时)
一、教学目标
（一）了解宾语从句的定义和结构
（二）掌握宾语从句的引导词及其用法
（三）注意宾语从句中时态，语序，标点符号，简化及否定转移的问题
二、教学重点：
1. 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.
2. 宾语从句的引导词
A 由that 引导的宾语从句，连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，通常可省略
例：We know (that ) we should study hard.
注意事项：在以下情况中that不能省略
1） 当句中的动词后接两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
2） 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不可省略。
例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.
B 由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
　　例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
注意事项：在以下情况中只能用whether
　1) 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
　2)宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
　　例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
3)和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：I don’t know whether to stay here for dinner.
4)whether 放句首时不用if 引导
例：Whether they will join us in the picnic, I don’t care.
C 由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
　　例：You must take back what you said. (what做宾语)
　　 I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
3. 宾语从句中需注意的问题
1） 时态
A 主句是现在的时态，从句时态不受限制，并根据实际情况定。
例： I hear (that) Tom will come back tomorrow.
She says Jim went to work an hour ago.
B 主句是过去的时态，从句也要用过去的时态。
例： He said (that) he had had supper already.
He said (that) he was reading a book.
C 如果从句说明的是客观存在的事实或真理，从句不受主句限制，一律用一般现在时。
例：My father told me that no news is good news.
He said (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon.
2) 宾语从句的语序
　宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例： I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
I want to know who went there.
3)标点符号由主句决定，不受从句限制 。
例： Do you know who he is?
We believe we will win.
4) 在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果主句主语是第一人称，谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
5）宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式
例： I don’t know what I should do next.
　　 I don’t know what to do next.
　　 He didn’t know where he would live.
　　 He didn’t know where to live.
宾语从句专项训练
一 基础题
1. Do you know I could pass the exam?
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
2. Could you tell me she is looking for?
A .that B. whose C. who D. which
3. It’s up to you to decide you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
4. Guess I did yesterday!
A. where B. when C. what D. which
5. I knew that the sun in the east when I was very young.
A. will rise B. rose C. rise D. rises
连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2) Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know ______ there ______ ____ a meeting in five days.
4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5) Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet.
7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8) Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly.
11) Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
12) What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______.
13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
14) Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _____they _____fried chicken.15）Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.
I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.

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