北师大版-小学英语-单词汇总-语法及习题汇总.doc

小学英语北师大版词汇分类汇总
◆Questions疑问词: what什么、who谁、whose谁的、where在哪里、 which哪一个、 why为什么、
when什么时候、 how怎样、
how old多大、how many多少、how much多少钱、what class哪个班、 what grade哪个年级、 what row哪排、what colour什么颜色、what day星期几
◆Persons人称: I我，you你，he他，she她，it它，we我们，they他们，my我的 ， your你的；你们的， his他的， her她的，its它的，our我们的，their 他们
◆Be动词：am 、is、are was were
◆有：has、have、there is(are) has got have got
◆Colors颜色: blue蓝、yellow黄、red红、green绿、brown棕、purple紫、orange橙、pink粉、black黑
White白、gray灰
◆Animals动物: bird、cat、dog、duck、fish、horse、monkey、panda、sheep、tiger 、pig、fish、ant、frog、mouse、lion、rabbit、fox、goat、snake、cow、bear、bee、giraffe、turtle、butterfly、 deer、 zebra、 whale.、 rat、 rooster、 shark、 kangaroo、 crocodile、 elephant
◆Numbers数字:
基数词：one、 two、 three、 four、 five、 six、 seven、 eight、 nine、 ten、 eleven、 twelve、thirteen、 fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、 seventeen、 eighteen、nineteen、 twenty、 thirty、 forty、 fifty、 sixty、 seventy、 eighty、 ninety、 forty-five、one hundred
序数词：first、 second、 third、 fourth、 fifth、 sixth, seventh、eighth、 ninth、tenth
◆Clothes服装: coat、dress、pants、shirt、T-shirt、 sweater、socks、shoes、shorts 、jacket、skirt、 jeans、vest、 trousers、 hat
◆Food and drink饮食: cake、 chicken、 candy、egg、food、ice cream、 juice、milk、noodles、rice、 soup、tea、water、bar、corn、cookies、French fries、honey、hamburger、hot dog、jam、pizza、pie、sandwich、salad
◆Fruit水果: apple、 banana, juice pear、 peach orange watermelon、 lemon、 pineapple、grape、strawberry、cherry
◆Family members家庭成员: grandfather、grandmother、father、mother、brother、sister、aunt、uncle、friend、parents、 cousin、 dad(daddy) daughter、son、
◆Actions动作: am/ is—was 、are—were ask begin bring(brought) buy call clean climb close e (came ) cook cry dance do ( did ) draw ( drew ) drink ( drank ) eat find( found ) fly ( flew ) get ( got ) give ( gave ) go ( went ) feel ( felt ) hurt know ( knew ) look love let like listen live help hear ( heard ) have ( had ) hurt make (made ) meet (met ) open please play put read rain ride (rode ) run(ran) study sit (sat) sing(sang) say(said) sleep(slept) speak(spoke) snow stand stop study swim ( swam ) talk tell (told) take(took) travel try turn think(thought) use visit work write worry wear (wore) walk want watch wash wait spend (spent) show litter、 happen leave ( left) touch move keep ( kept ) wele、 cough learn ( learnt ) stay knock、 hurt lose ( lost ) pass catch、carry、skate teach( taught) collect paint sell(sold) close hit--hit 、 sit—sat
◆Subjects科目: subject Chinese、math、music、P.E.、English、art、science
◆Places and rooms地点与房间: place bed house、 classroom bedroom、 home house kitchen room school museum hospital park、 shop library toilet、supermarket、cinema lake farm playground river bathroom washroom、living room study theater、 train station、 bus stop、 post office、 police station、 swimming pool、 bank、 town、 zoo、 fire station、、amusement park、 restaurant、 playground、store、office、gate、road、flower、building
◆School things学校物品: blackboard、chair、puter、desk、pen、pencil、bag、book、eraser、ruler、 map、sharpener、 ink、page、
◆Weather天气:weather、fine、sunny、cloudy、rainy、snowy、windy、cloud、rain、snow、wind、hot、cold、warm、cool、storm
◆Forbidden禁止: Don’t walk.、Don’t litter.、Don’t run.、Don’t touch.、 No swimming.、No parking.、
No food.、No smoking.、No cameras.、No bikes.
◆Body身体: eye、ear、head、hand、heart、hair、nose、mouth、arm、leg、foot、face、stomach、tongue、 chest、shoulder、finger
◆Vegetables蔬菜: potato、tomato、 eggplant、carrot、cabbage、bean、onion、cucumber、mushroom、
◆Adjectives形容词: bad、beautiful、big、busy、cheap、cold、clever、dear、difficult、dirty、easy、every、far、fast、great、favorite、good、healthy、kind、hungry、happy、hot、heavy、high、ill、interesting、long、left、little、many、new、near、nice、next old、right、sad、slow、strong、short、thin、tall、warm、wonderful、wrong、young、fat、funny、fun、large、strong、kind、thirsty、smart、quiet、 sweet、 sour、 fresh、height、weight、 afraid、sick、hungry、cheap、expensive、large、 medium、 early、hurry、broken、hurt、better、best
short—shorter—shortest、long—longer—longest、small—smaller—smallest、big—bigger—biggest、tall—taller—tallest、old—older—oldest、young—younger—youngest 、fat—fatter—fattest
◆ 星期：Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、 Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday、
◆ 时间：day、week、month、year、date、weekend、night、last night、often、now、always、usually、never、 January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December、birthday、holiday、a.m、p.m
morning、afternoon、evening sometimes yesterday、today、tomorrow、now、
◆ 四季：season、spring、summer、autumn、 winter、
◆ 三餐：breakfast、 lunch、dinner
◆space太空: sky、air 、sun、 moon、 star、earth、mars、planet、spaceship、 space suit 、 astronaut、
◆Toys玩具: balloon、 doll、 gift、 teddy bear、toy train、robot
◆Furniture家具: bed、table、chair、radio、 fan、sofa、 television、light
◆Balls球类: football、basketball、baseball、volleyball、tennis
◆Transportation交通工具: bike、 bus、 boat、car、 plane、 ship、taxi、
train、 jeep、 boat、 van
◆Other things其他东西: book、boy、box、city、class clock、child (children) door、 e-mail exercise flower、friend、floor、girl、grass、game、 holiday、kite、 time、 woman 、money、people、 sport、story、picture、party、photo、pupil、week、weekend、 word、man (men)、minute、student、toy、tree、street、month、wall、window、 CD、kite、key、lock、magazine、newspaper、ic、watch、umbrella、 purse、violin、waterfall、x-ray、queen、net、nest、cent、ticket、picture、ladder、fire、、hammer、camera、 glasses
◆Countries国家: China. American、 Britain、 Canada、 Japan. England.
◆Profession职业: doctor、driver、farmer、nurse、singer、teacher、student、worker、policeman、 vet、 dancer
◆Preposition介词: on、in、under、next to、behind、in front of、between、near、with、beside down at、by(乘交通工具)、after、into、 right、left、far away
▲   Pronouns代词： this、 that、 those、 these
▲ 身体部位：head、hand、hair、ear、eye、nose、mouth、arm、

短语必背（能够看懂短语知道意思和相应的图片搭配）
a bottle of a pair of a cup of a glass of a bowl of

carry the box
climb the tree
climb the mountain
clean the floor
clean the house
close the door
collect stamps
do homework
have/eat breakfast
draw pictures
eat lunch eat dinner
fly a kite
go shopping
go swimming
go fishing
go home
go to work
go to school
go to a concert
go to the library
go to bed
go to the science museum
get up
have a party
have English
have a picnic
have a concert
have class
have a football match
listen to music
listen to radio
make noise
make a cake
read a book
ride a bike
ride horse
read newspapers
see a movie
turn down
turn off
turn left
turn right
play football
play basketball
play tennis
play badminton
play volleyball
play chess
play the piano
play the guitar
play the drums
play the violin
play the flute
play with friends
play cards
play puter games
sit down
see a movie(film)
see a doctor
skip rope
visit friends
watch TV
take some photos(pictures)
turn right
turn left
take the medicine
watch a football match
write a letter
walk to school
water the flowers
wash clothes
wash dishes

小学英语语法及习题
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______       juice___________
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
　　【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
　　1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
　　3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
　　一般现在时的构成
　　1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
　　I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
　　We study English.我们学习英语。
　　当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
　　一般现在时的变化
　　1. be动词的变化。
　　否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
　　如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
　　一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
　　如：-Are you a student?
　　　　-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
　　2.行为动词的变化。
　　否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：
　　I don't like bread.
　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
　　He doesn't often play.
　　一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
　　- Do you often play football?
　　- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
　　- Does she go to work by bike?
　　- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______     carry ____
e________      watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________     teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20.     －What day _______(be) it today?
－ It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing puter games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John es from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is     your brother speak English?         __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?             __________________
3. He likes play games after class.         __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.                __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
      但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
       疑问词 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________     write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing     ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ e ________     get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food     now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
     9. It’s     5     o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
四、将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；
②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.         问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2.         问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   
afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.        问什么时候。When.
例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming to