Traditional-life单元测试2.doc

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Module 12 Traditional life
初中英语考点剖析与典题精讲系列
三点剖析
单词·典句·考点 
soap ［］n.肥皂
【经典例句】 She washed her hands with soap.
她用肥皂洗手。
【考点聚焦】1)soap是不可数名词;
2)常见搭配:soap opera指“肥皂剧”。
【活学活用】1.单句改错
I want to buy a soap.

答案：soap改成a piece of soap
accept ［］v. 接受
【经典例句】I accepted his invitation.
我接受了他的邀请。
【考点聚焦】1)常作及物动词,后接名词或代词;
2)同义词辨析:accept强调主观上接受;receive强调客观上收到,如:
I’ve received a gift from him,but I’m not going to accept it.
我收到了他送的礼物,但是我不准备接受。
【活学活用】2.选择
I’ve just a letter from my parents.
A.received　　　　　B.accepted　　　　　C.get　　　　　D.written
答案：A
both ［］ pron.两者
【经典例句】 Both of them like popular songs.
他们两人都喜欢流行歌曲。
【考点聚焦】 1)both指“两者都”,all指“三者或三者以上都”;both的反义词是neither,all的反义词是none;
2)both在句中放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前;
3)常见搭配:both...and...“既……又……”,作主语时谓语用复数;反义词组neither...nor...“既不……也不……”,遵循近主语原则。
【活学活用】3.改为否定句
Both Jane and Jay have gone to the Great Wall.

答案：Neither Jane nor Jay has gone to the Great Wall.
instead []adv.代替
【经典例句】 If you cannot go,let him go instead.
如果你不能去,让他替你去。
【考点聚焦】1)instead作状语,用在句首或句末,如:
He didn’t answer my question.Instead,he asked me a question.
他没回答我的问题,而是又问了我一个问题。
2)常见搭配:instead of表示“代替,而不是”,后接名词、代词或动名词,如:
He will go to England instead of you.他将代替你去英国。
【活学活用】 4.根据汉语完成句子
They are (正在喝咖啡而不是下棋).
答案：drinking coffee instead of playing chess　
litter [] n. 垃圾
【经典例句】 There is litter everywhere on the ground.
地上到处都是垃圾。
【考点聚焦】1)同义词:rubbish/garbage/junk;
2)常见搭配:drop litter 扔垃圾;litter本身也可作动词,“乱丢,乱扔”之意,如:Don’t litter.勿乱丢杂物。
cover []v. 覆盖
【经典例句】 Snow covered the ground.
雪覆盖了地面。
【考点聚焦】1)常作及物动词,用于cover...with...搭配中,意思是“用……把……覆盖起来”,如:
She covered the table with a cloth.她用一块布把桌子罩起来。
2)cover还可用作名词,“封面”之意。如:
The book needs a new cover.这书需要装个新封面。
【活学活用】5.选词填空
The girl covered her face (by,with) her hands.
答案：with
短语·典句·考点
do some cleaning 打扫卫生
【经典例句】 After school I often do some cleaning.
放学后我常打扫卫生。
【考点聚焦】1)常用在肯定句中,否定句中some变为any;
2)类似表达还有:do some washing 洗衣服;do some reading 读书;do some shopping 购物。
be different from 与……不同
【经典例句】 Lucy is different from her sister.
露茜和她妹妹不同。
【考点聚焦】1)要注意这里的from是介词,后面接名词或代词。
2)反义词组:be the same as... 和……相同,一样。
3)difference n.不同点,区别;differently adv. 不同地。
【活学活用】6.用different的正确形式填空
1)What’s the between them?
2)Is this pen from that one?
3)There are five between the two pictures.
答案：1)difference　2)different　3)differences
wash up 洗餐具
【经典例句】 We helped Mom to wash the plates up.
我们帮妈妈洗了盘子。
【考点聚焦】 1)wash up还有“洗手、洗脸”的意思;
2)常见up搭配:use up 用完;eat up 吃完;think up 想出;give up 放弃;get up 起床,起身;stand up 起立。
【活学活用】7.选择以上up短语填空
1）Could you give me some money?I’ve all my money.
2）The doctor asked him smoking.
3）He always good ideas.
答案：1)used up　2)to give up　3)thinks up
句子·剖析·拓展
But in the USA,when someone gives you a present,you must open it immediately.
但在美国,当有人送你礼物时,你必须立即打开
【剖析】1)这是个由when引导的时间状语从句,意思是“当……的时候”;
2)immediately=at once,“立刻,马上”的意思。
【拓展】注意someone=somebody,作主语时谓语用单数。
You must say Mr and Mrs when you speak to older people,but you can use first names with your friends.
你在和老人说话时,必须说某某先生或某某女士,但跟朋友只叫名字就可以。
【剖析】1)这是个but连接的并列句,表示转折;
2)前半部分含有when引导的从句。
【拓展】要了解外国的称呼,称呼长辈或老人要加Mr/Mrs,未婚女士加Miss。
You mustn’t use your hands,and you can’t use chopsticks,because there aren’t any.
你不可以用手,你也不能用筷子,因为根本没有(筷子)。
【剖析】这是个由and连接的并列句,and后又含有一个because引导的从句;
【拓展】mustn’t表示“禁止,不可以”,语气强烈;can’t表示“不能”,语气较mustn’t要弱。
The girl who catches them will be next to get married.
接住花束的女孩将成为下一个结婚的人。
【剖析】1)who catches them是定语从句,修饰 The girl;
2)不定式to get married作定语修饰next。
【拓展】定语从句修饰名词置于名词之后。
The boy (who is from Beijing) works very hard.
（来自北京的）那个男孩学习很努力。
语法·剖析
情态动词must梳理归纳
（1）must表示说话人的主观意志,意为“必须”,这种必须多出于义务、责任或强制命令。如:
You must do it yourself.你必须自己做。
（2）must还可以表示推测,意为“一定”,语气较为肯定,只用在肯定句中。如:
This book must be Jim’s because it has his name on it.
这本书一定是吉姆的,因为上面有他的名字。
相关链接
（1）对must引起的一般疑问句,作肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t。如:
—Must I finish it today?我必须今天做完吗?
—Yes,you must./No,you needn’t.是的,必须。/不,不用。
（2）must的否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不允许”。如:
The children mustn’t play in the street.
孩子们不可以在街上玩。
典题精讲
经典题型
例1Li Lei can’t go hiking with us today,because he take care of his sick mother.
A.has to　　　　　　　B.may　　　　　　　　C.mustn’t　　　　　　　D.needn’t
思路解析：句意为“李雷今天不能与我们一起去远足了,因为他得照顾他生病的母亲”。B项 may意为“可能”;C项 mustn’t表示“不允许、禁止”;D项 needn’t表示“不必”。has to 表示“必须”,而且强调是由于客观原因造成的，所以选择A。
绿色通道：情态动词在语气上有区别,法则、规定等强制性的行为常用must。情态动词表示的可能性有弱到强的顺序依次为may,can,must
例2He doesn’t know if she .If she ,he won’t,either.
A.will leave;leaves
B.leaves;doesn’t leave
C.leaves;will leave
D.will leave;doesn’t leave
思路解析：本题中一方面考查时态,另一方面考查的是if这个词的用法,当“如果”讲时,引导的从句与主句呼应,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;当“是否”讲时,随主句决定,本句中用一般将来时。答案:D
例3Is there I can do for you?
A.anything important
B.something important
C.important anything
D.important something
思路解析：此题考查不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词时,要放在所修饰词之后,故此题首先考虑A、B选项,一般来说,something 用于肯定句,anything 用于疑问句及否定句。答案:A
绿色通道：常见的不定代词有:someone,somebody,anyone,anybody,no one,nobody,something,anything,nothing等,学习时注意总结归纳。
例4—I’m sorry but I use the book myself.I must finish it today.
—That’s OK.I borrow Lucy’s.
A.must;could B.have to;can
C.have to;could D.must;can
思路解析：此题考查have to 的用法。must表示“必须”,指主观命令;have to 表示由于客观条件而导致“不得不”。答案：B
黑色陷阱：本题容易错选D项。原因是没有分清楚must 和have to的区别。
原创题
阅读下面的这封书信后,按要求回答问题:

Dear Lindsay,
Thanks for your message.Yes,I’m having a great time on my exchange(交换) program(计划) in France.It’s even better than I thought it would be.I was a bit nervous before I arrived here,but there was no reason（理由）to be.My host family is really nice.They go out of their way to make me feel at home.And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved(提高)!I’m very comfortable(舒服) speaking French now.Although I still make lots of mistakes,it doesn’t bother me like it used to.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.As you can imagine,things are really different from the way they are at home.For example,you can’t put your bread on your plate,you should put it on the table!I thought that was pretty(有点儿) strange at first,but now I’m used to it.You couldn’t eat anything with your hands except bread,even fruit!(You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.) Another thing is that it is very rude to say you’re full.If you don’t want any more food,you should just say,“It was delicious.” Also,it’s rude to put your hands in your lap.You should always keep your hands,but no your elbows,on the table.I have to say,I find it difficult to remember everything,but I’m gradually(逐渐地) getting used to things,and don’t find them so strange any more.I’ll write soon and tell you more about life in France.Hope you’re having a good school year.
Wang Kun
请找出文章中所包含的法国的餐桌礼仪并把它们写下来:
1.
2. 
3. 
4. 
参考答案：1.You can’t put your bread on your plate,you should put it on the table.
2.You couldn’t eat anything with your hands except bread,even fruit!(You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.)
3.If you don’t want any more food,you should just say,“It was delicious.”
4.You should always keep your hands,but no your elbows,on the table.
绿色通道：熟悉一些英语国家人们的生活习惯、风土人情也非常有助于英语学习。
巧学法园地
巧解动词时态
动词时态是难关,时间一定要先看;
主语确定谓语数,动词变化不算难;
短文会话观全局,单句无时判一般。
第一句说明了动词时态在学习过程中的重要性。
第二句强调我们在做动词时态练习时首先要找出时间标志词,并确定时态。常见的和过去时连用的时间有:yesterday,five days ago,before,last month,that day等。
第三句强调我们做时态练习时,要找准句子的主语,确定动词的单复数。
第四句强调我们在做时态练习时的要分清谓语动词,随时态的变化而变化。
第五句强调我们在做时态练习时,若碰到的是一篇短文或一则对话,就要通过全文或上下句间的时间关系来确定动词时态。
第六句强调我们在做时态练习时,若碰到一个没有时间标志词的简单句时,多数可判断为一般现在时,因为该时态除了表示经常或反复发生的事情外,还可表示没有明显时间性的事实。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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