经济术语的翻译.doc

常用经济术语的翻译

汉语
English
国民经济、对外经济贸易
NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE
20年基本实现现代化
basically achieve modernization in 20 years
八五计划
the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
百分点
percentage points
保持发展后劲
bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
保持双边贸易的平衡
balance the two-way trade
保税区
bonded area; free trade area
标书
bidding document
财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率
public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate
财政赤字(盈余 )
budget deficit(surplus)
财政收入
state revenue
菜篮子工程
shipping basket project
产业政策
industrial policy
出资方式
means of contributing investment
创汇型企业
foreign exchange-earning enterprise
粗放/集约经营
extensive/intensive operation
存款/贷款余额
the balance of deposits/loans
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。
An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.
第一、二、三产业
primary, secondary and tertiary industries
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用
serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.
风险投资
venture investment/capital
高附加值的深加工
down-stream processing with high added-value
格局初步形成
Pattern has taken initial shape.
工农业总产值
gross output value of industry and agriculture
公开招标
call for bid; tenders
供不应求
short supply
供大于求
oversupply
购买力平价法
purchasing power parity
固定资产投资
investment in fixed assets
关系民生的产品
products vital to the people's livelihood
规范价格秩序
standardize the price order
国产化
percentage of home-made parts
国家统配物资
materials allocated by state
国家指令性计划
state mandatory planning
国民经济的支柱
mainstay of the national economy
国民生产总值
GNP (Gross National Product)
国民收入
national income
国内配套资金
domestic funds
国内生产总值
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
合营期限
contract term of a joint venture
合作方式
approaches to cooperation
宏观调控
macro-economic control
火炬计划
Torch Plan
货币发放
the issue of currency
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验
actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside
基础地位
leading position
基础设施
infrastructure
计划经济
planned economy
技术、智力、资本密集型
technology, knowledge or capital intensive
技术入股
technology appraised as capital stock
技术转让
technology transfer
加大改革力度
intensify reforms
减免税收
tax reduction and exemption
简化流通环节，增加随机检查
simplify circulation and add more random checks
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制"
establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序
cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order
交钥匙工程
turn-key project
紧缩银根
tighten the money supply
经济杠杆
economic levers
经济过热
overheated economy
经济实力
economic capabilities
经济指标
economic indicators
竟标
competitive bidding
开标
bid opening
看好经济增长
think highly of economic growth
科研成果产业化
industrialization of research findings
可行性研究
feasibility study
库存积压
overstocked products
跨国公司
transnational corporation
劳动密集型
labor intensive
理顺企业的产权关系
rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises
良性循环
positive cycle
龙头
pacemaker; leading role
贸易伙伴
trade partner
贸易顺差
trade surplus
门类齐全
covering extensive fields
内联企业
inland associated enterprises
拍卖
auction
配套措施
supporting measures
配套改革
coordinated reforms
配套工程
auxiliary project
批量生产
mass production
片面追求发展速度
seek an unduly high growth rate
平等互利，互通有无
equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
评标
bid proposal evaluation
瓶颈
bottleneck
企业“工效挂钩”
link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise
人均国内生产总值
GDP per capita
三角债
chain debts
三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)
processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）
three connections and one leveling assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)
three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: Sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture
上不封顶，下不保底
set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
社会零售物价总指数
general retail price index
社会商品零售总额
total volume of retail sales
社会效益
social effect/returns
社会总产值
total product of society
升级换代
upgrading and updating
生产力
productive forces
生产资料
capital goods
生意兴隆/冷淡
Business is booming/sluggish
实际利用外资
foreign investment in actual use
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化"
optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展
bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development
实行全方位开放
practice multi-directional opening
市场调节
market regulation
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。
The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.
市场经济
market economy
市场疲软
a market slump
随行就市
fluctuate in line with market conditions
提高经济效益
enhance economic performance/returns
同国际惯例接轨
follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
统而不死，活而不乱
ensure a flexible control
统购统销
state monopoly over purchase and marketing
统一定价
unified price setting
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、
unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
投标
bid for a project
投标报价书
bid proposals
投资环境
investment environment
外汇储备
foreign exchange reserves
外贸出口总额
gross foreign export value
外贸顺差
foreign trade surplus
外商直接投资协议金额
contracted foreign direct investment
外向型经济
export-oriented economy
外引内联
act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections
完善的市场和发达的金融体制
well-established market and sophisticated financial system
我们两市的经济互补性很强。
To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
下放审批权
delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels
向基础工业倾斜的政策
policy in favor of basic industry
消灭失业
wipe out unemployment
行情看好
Favorable price/market can be expected.
行情看涨/跌
anticipate lower market price/rising price
一条龙服务
one package service
一位数水平
one digit level
一支笔审批
one-chop approval
以工养农
use industrial income to finance agriculture
以路养路
use tolls to repay investment in road projects
以销定产
limit production to market ability
抑制炒房地产热
stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
意向书
letter of intent
优化资源配置
optimize allocation of resources
优惠条件
confessional terms; favorable terms
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。
Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.
允许外商独资经营
allow full foreign equity operation
在过渡时期
in a period of transition
招标承包制
bidding invitation contract system
招标出售技术
bids for technology
招标单
invitation for bid (IFB)
招商
attract investment
招商项目
project proposals for investment
折旧费
depreciation cost
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。
This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.
政策性亏损
policy-related loss
知识产权
intellectual property rights
指导性计划
guidance plan
指令性计划
mandatory plan
质量信得过单位
quality trustworthy organization
中标
win a bid; be awarded a tender
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"
stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology
转口贸易
transit trade
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制
responsibility for one's own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
租赁
leasing

国民经济 NATIONAL ECONOMY,

中国化 chinization

对外经济贸易 FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE

经济指标 economic indicators

社会总产值 total product of society

国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product)

国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita

工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture

国民收入 national income

购买力平价法 purchasing power parity

财政收入 state revenue

社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales

社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index

百分点 percentage points

"八五"划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development

计划经济 planned economy

统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing

市场经济 market economy

指令性计划 mandatory plan

指导性计划 guidance plan

市场调节 market regulation

建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government

抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology

实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population

第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries

外向型经济 export-oriented economy

创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise

劳动密集型 labor intensive

技术、智力、资本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive

高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value

优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources

生产力 productive forces

生产资料 capital goods

科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings

火炬计划 Torch Plan

技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock

风险投资 venture investment/capital

固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets

折旧费 depreciation cost

关系民生的产品 products vital to the people’s livelihood

供大于求 oversupply

供不应求 short supply

经济过热 overheated economy

抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
宏观调控 macro-economic control

经济杠杆 economic levers

产业政策 industrial policy

财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate

提高经济效益 enhance economic performance/returns

社会效益 social effect/returns

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development

财政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus)

外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value

外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment

实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use

三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture

允许外商独资经营 allow full foreign equity operation

优惠条件 confessional terms; favorable terms

减免税收 tax reduction and exemption

合作方式 approaches to cooperation

出资方式 means of contributing investment

合营期限 contract term of a joint venture

三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)

贸易伙伴 trade partner

转口贸易 transit trade

外贸顺差 foreign trade surplus

积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside

交钥匙工程 turn-key project

招标承包制 bidding invitation contract system

招标出售技术 bids for technology

公开招标 call for bid; tenders

招标单 invitation for bid (IFB)

标书 bidding document

竟标 competitive bidding

投标 bid for a project

投标报价书 bid proposals

评标 bid proposal evaluation

开标 bid opening

中标 win a bid; be awarded a tender

拍卖 auction

租赁 leasing

保税区 bonded area; free trade area

实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening

统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition

自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制 responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system

知识产权 intellectual property rights

技术转让 technology transfer

可行性研究 feasibility study

意向书 letter of intent

投资环境 investment environment

跨国公司 transnational coorporation

基础设施 infrastructure

20年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years

发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.

招商 attract investment

招商项目 project proposals for investment

同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage

加大改革力度 intensify reforms

一条龙服务 one package service

一支笔审批 one-chop approval

我们两市的经济互补性很强。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.

平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods

外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections

保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development

三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.

瓶颈 bottleneck

以工养农 use industrial income to finance agriculture

以路养路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects

下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels

统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control

良性循环 positive cycle

国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy

格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.

理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises

政策性亏损 policy-related loss

三角债 chain debts

上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee

企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise

生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish

质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization

批量生产 mass production

以销定产 limit production to market ability

内联企业 inland associated enterprises

菜篮子工程 shipping basket project

国产化 percentage of home-made parts

配套改革 coordinated reforms

配套措施 supporting measures

配套工程 auxiliary project

国内配套资金 domestic funds

向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry

升级换代 upgrading and updating

看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth

行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.

行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price

随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions

片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate

在过渡时期 in a period of transition

粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation

基础地位 leading position

门类齐全 covering extensive fields

存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans

外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves

贸易顺差 trade surplus

ACFIC All China Federation of Industry and Commerce 中华全国工商业联合会（全国工商联）

ADB Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行（亚行）

AMC asset management company 资产管理公司

BOT build-operate-transfer 建设－运营－移交

CBRC China Banking Regulatory Commission 中国银行业监督管理委员会（银监会）

CGC credit guarantee company 信用担保公司

CGS credit guarantee scheme 信用担保制度

CIRC China Insurance Regulatory Commission 中国保险监督管理委员会（保监会）

CPDF China Project Development Facility（世行）中国项目开发中心

CSRC China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证券监督管理委员会（证监会）

DFID Department for International Development （of the United Kingdom） 英国国际发展部

DRC Development Research Center （of the China State Council） 国务院发展研究中心

EU European Union 欧盟

FDI foreign direct investment 外商直接投资

FIE foreign invested enterprise 外资企业

GDP