英译汉方法素材.pptx
《英译汉方法素材.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英译汉方法素材.pptx(114页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、to make a dressto make troubleto make a fireto make a livinga strong mana strong casea strong faitha strong contrast一。词义的选择和引申1.3 根据词的使用场合确定词义 (1)He is the last man to come (2)He is the last person for such a job.(3)He should be the last man to blame.(4)This is the last place where I expected to mee
2、t you.E.g.I would inevitably make mistakes at one time or another and operate on someone who didnt need surgery or sit on someone who did.E.g.I would inevitably make mistakes at one time or another and operate on someone who didnt need surgery or sit on someone who did.sit on是一个动词短语,意思是忽视。不能译成“坐在干事的
3、病人身上”译:我有时会难免出错,给不需要动手术的病人开刀,对需要开刀的病人却忽略了。2.1 根据语义增词根据汉语的表达习惯,增加原文语义上有而形式上无的成分。1.With all his achievements he remains modest and prudent.2.Radar is very important to ships on the sea.3.A careful comparison of them will show you the difference.4.Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it,partly
4、 because it cannot be detected by human senses.有些英文句子貌似省略句,实际上什么句子成分也没省,但若直接译成汉语,译文就不清楚,必须按照汉语的习惯表达方法增词。1.Which do you like better:grammar or translation exercises?2.He has written several articles and books on high-energy physics.2.2 增加原文省略而译文不能省略的词 为了使语言精练,避免没必要的重复,英语行文中经常省略前文曾出现的词,译为汉语时,为了明白表达愿意,
5、需要把原文中省略的词补译出来。1.Some motions appear to be very simple;others very complicated.2.We wont retreat;we never have and will.3.As we all know,all matter consists of molecules,and molecules of atoms.2.3 增加表达时态的词 汉语中没有时态变化,要在译文中反映动作发生时间,就要加时间助词副词。1.I was just over sixty when I first saw Yanan in 1946.I had
6、 known two great social systems.2.We can learn what we did not know.3.The high-altitude plane was and still is a remarkable bird.4.The molecules of hydrogen get closer and closer with the pressure.2.4 增加表示名词的词1.He ate and drank,for he was exhausted.2.Oxidation will make metal rusty.TransitionDevelop
7、mentProcessingPreparationTensionBackwardnessModestyBrutalityAssimilation 若句子中出现名词复数,不译会引起误解,或数的多少有强调的必要,或依汉语的习惯需要说明多数,则需要在译文中加词表明。1.In spite of difficulties,he succeeded in finishing his task.2.They include silks and colored thread.3.In America,motorcar factories were closing down in early 1961.4.Fo
8、reigners get degrees from Chinese colleges.2.5 翻译抽象名词时要适当增词 在翻译由动词或形容词派生来的英语抽象名词时,通常要根据语境在其后面增添适当的名词,使译文符合译语的表达习惯。to develop,developmentto persuade,persuasionTo prepare,preparationPoor,povertyEmergent,emergencyTense,tension例句:1.They are sanguine about building up a near peace2.After all preparations
9、 were made,the planes flew across the U.S.to San Francisco.3.In the summer of 1969,the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.4.Profanity was tacitly given up.5.These fighters are able to cope with various emergencies.2.6 在形容词前后加上它所说明的名词 在翻译英语形容词时,为了使译文清楚流畅,有时需要在形容词前后增加所说明的名词
10、。1.She was small and slight in person,pale,sandy-haired.2.These early cars were slow,clumsy,and inefficient.3.The invention of the electronic word processor was as great an information revolution as the invention of the printing press.4.Amelia took the news very palely and calmly.2.7 具体名词表抽象概念时也要增加适
11、当的名词1.He felt the patriot rise within his breast.2.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge,and declared his own son guilty.2.8 增加原文暗含的动词 根据原文的具体语境和译文的习惯表达,有时必须在英语的名词前后增加必要的动词。1.There were no speeches,no foreign diplomats,no“ordinary Chinese”with paper flags and bouquets of flowers.三、抽象名词的
12、译法3.1由动词抽象而来的名词译成动词 英语中有名词化的倾向,即用名词表达动作、行为等本来由动词表达的意义。这种词多是动词的同源名词。1、the 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israels right to exist.2.The growing awareness by millions of people
13、 of their intolerable condition of life had promoted them to revolt.3.2 含有动作意义的抽象名词译成动词 英语中另一个倾向是许多名词有动词意义或动作意义,这类词汇在译成汉语时通常要译为动词。1.She said this with a provocative glance and a gleam of teeth.2.One after another,speakers called for the downfall of imperialism.3.An acquaintance of world history is h
14、elpful to the study of current affairs.3.3 抽象名词作主语汉译时要改变其句子成分 英语中的抽象名词可做各种成分,而且有一个常见的现象是抽象名词作句子的主语。这与汉语的习惯不同,因为汉语习惯于用表示人或生物的词作主语,在思维方面往往以“人”为中心,认为只有人才能作出有意识的动作或具有有意识的行为。因而,英文中以抽象名词作主语时,含义是要根据上下文予以改变,使汉语表达以“人”为中心。1.The thought of returning filled him with fear.2.My shock and embarrassment at finding
15、mother in tears on Wednesday was a perfect index of how little I understand on pressures on her.1.4.1 保留原主语,被动改主动 英语的被动句翻译成汉语的主动句时,往往把原文的主语变成译文的宾语,但有的情况仍然用作汉语句子的主语,只是被动式按汉语的习惯变为主动式。1.Six medical scientists were honored in 1973 by the Gairdner Foundation of Toronto,Canada,for outstanding research.2.M
16、any basins were formed by the subsidence of the earths crust.3.The speed of the molecules is increased when they are heated.1.2.3.4.2 无施动者的被动句的译法 英语中一些没有指明施动者的被动句,可译成汉语中具有主动形式而含有被动意义的主动句。这类句子在汉语中称之为简化被动态或当然被动句,是汉语中长期形成的一种习惯表达法,其被动含义是不言而喻的。1.He was scared out of his wits.2.The movie will be shown aga
17、in tomorrow.3.The novel has already been translated into many languages.1.他吓得魂飞魄散。2.电影明天还要放映。3.这本小说已译成好几种语言。4.3 译成汉语无主句 有些英语的被动句在译为汉语的主动句式时,不是保留原文的主语,而是译成无主句,更符合汉语的习惯。1.The matter was never mentioned again.2.Tremendous research work has been done to bring about such fantastic speeds.3.A considerable
18、 investment has been made in the exploration of the sea depths.4.The educational reform must be carried through to the end.1.后来再也没提这件事。2.为了达到这样神奇的速度,进行了巨大的研究工作。3.在海底勘探方面进行了巨额投资。4.必须把教育改革进行到底。4.4 受动者+被动式谓语+施动者施动者+主动式谓语+受动者 把英语被动句的主语改做宾语,以原句中的施动者作主语这种译法,就是把英语的被动句转换成汉语的如下句式:A.施动者+主动式谓语+受动者 Yet,only a p
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 汉方 素材
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【可****】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【可****】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。