全国高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars讲义新人教版必修.ppt

,知识运用,知识梳理,.,核心单词,识记,思考,运用,一、单词拼写,1.,(2014,湖南，阅读,B),It,sounds fine in _(,理论,)but its not easy to carry it out.,2.They created one of the new _(,体系,)of teaching foreign languages.,3.,(2015,天津，,15),The boss of the company is trying to create an easy _(,气氛,)where his employees enjoy their work.,4.*He got hold of the rope and _(,拉,)hard.,5.*,(2015,新课标全国,，阅读,D),If,people had normal lives,，,these cafes wouldnt _(,存在,).,theory,systems,atmosphere,pulled,exist,二、用所给单词的适当形式填空,1.*,(2015,江苏，阅读,B),Many,wastes produced in the producing process are _(,harm)as,well.,2.,(2013,四川，阅读,B),Soon,afterward,，,waves _(,crash)over,the boat,，,and it began to sink.,3.One can make 18 by _(multiply)3 and 6(together).,4.Is there always a conflict between science and _(religious).,5.*,(2015,北京，七选五,),Daydreams are often very simple and direct,，,quite _(,like)sleep,dreams,，,which may be hard to understand.,harmful,crashed,multiplying,religion,unlike,6.*,(2015,四川，阅读,E),However,，,_(,physics)Joseph,West thinks there might have been a simpler way,，,who led the new study.,7.*The _(,biology)saw,some dead fish _(,float)on,the surface of the lake.,8.,(2015,安徽，,28),Some experts think reading is the _(,fundament)skill,upon which school education depends.,9.The _(,puzzle)expression,on his face _(,puzzle)me,.,10.*The robbers hit them _(,violent).They,couldnt bear it any more so they decided to answer _(,violent)with,_(violent).,physicist,biologist,floating,fundamental,puzzling,puzzled,violently,violence,violence,三、开心词场,With the development of,astronomy,，,people know more about the,fundamental theory,of,climate,，,atmosphere,and the,globe,.Now,more and more,satellites,and,spaceships,are sent into space where theres no,oxygen,and,gravity,.,【联想,积累】,“,推,，,拉,”,家族,pull,n,.&,v,t,.,拉,(,力,),；拖；牵引力,draw,v,t,.&,v,i,.,拖，拉,drag,v,t,.&,n,.,拖，拉，拽,push,v,.&,n,.,推，推动,(,力,),后缀,-,ist,必备名词荟萃,archaeologist,考古学家,biologist,生物学家,chemist,化学家,physicist,物理学家,psychologist,心理学家,specialist,专家,sociologist,社会学家,scientist,科学家,typist,打字员,tourist,旅游者，游客,高频词链条,reaction,n,.,反应；回应,react,v,.,反应,exist,v,i,.,存在；生存,existence,n,.,存在；生存,harmful,adj,.,有害的,harm,n,.,危害；害处,v,t,.,损害；伤害,harmless,adj,.,无害的,unlike,prep,.,不同；不像,like,v,t,.,喜欢；,adj,.,相像,likely,adj,.,可能的,violent,adj,.,猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的,violently,ad,v,.,强烈地；激烈地；凶猛地,violence,n,.,暴力,.,重点短语,识记,思考,运用,一、补全短语,1._ time,及时；终于,2.in _ turn,轮到某人；接着,3.cheer _,感到高兴；感到振奋,4.*break _,突发；爆发,5.*prevent._,阻止；制止,6.watch out _,当心；提防,in,ones,up,out,from,for,二、短语填空,1.,(2013,湖北，阅读,B),Sheila,describes the adventure of _,Perri,in a tiny town where her husband was doing research fieldwork.,2.*The wall _ all the,light.It,should be pulled down.,3._ sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.,4.,(2013,陕西，,24),The manager wants to see changes in the company,，,and I am sure he will _.,in time,；,in ones turn,；,cheer up,；,block out,；,break out,；,prevent from,；,give birth to,；,watch out for,giving birth to,blocks out,Watch out for,in time,5.Youd better come up with a good idea to _ her _,，,otherwise she may give up halfway.,6.A fierce fight _ between the two brothers just because of a small thing.,7.Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week _.,8.*Sometimes I think _ myself _ smoking and drinking is a very hard task.,cheer,up,broke out,in its turn,preventing,from,【联想,积累】,“,动词,out,”,短语荟萃,block out,挡住,(,光线,),look/watch out,当心，提防,find out,查出，弄明白,try out,试用，试验,put out,扑灭,run out,用完,let out,泄漏，发出,(,声音,),die out,灭绝,“,动词,from,”,短语一览,keep/stop/prevent.from,阻止；制止,separate.from,把,和,分离开,differ from,与,不同,suffer from,受,苦,hear from,收到,的来信,die from,因,而死,learn from,向,学习,result from,由于,date from,始于,时期,benefit from,受益于,.,经典句式,识记思考运用,1.,“,Oh,，,dear,，,”,I cried,，,“walking does need a bit of practice _ gravity has changed.”,“,天哪，,”,我大声说，,“,重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。,”,_(,既然,)you have done the thing,，,stop blaming yourself.,_(,既然你已经完成了,)your homework,，,you can go to play basketball.,now that,Now that,Now that you have finished,2.,The earth became so violent that it was not clear _ the shape would last _.,地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。,_(,无论你是否喜欢这个意见,),，,Im going ahead with it.,She was in doubt _(,她是否正确,).,whether,or not,Whether you like the idea or not,whether she was right or not,【联想,积累】,表示原因的连词,(,短语,),小结,(1)now(that),相当于,since,，是连词短语，用来引导原因状语从句，口语中经常省略,that,。,(2)because,因为,(,语气较重，常用于回答,why,的疑问句,),。,(3)since,因为；既然,(,可与,now that,互换,),，,as,因为,(,语气较弱,),。,(4)for,因为,(,并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步的补充说明,),。,(5),表原因的介词短语：,due to,，,because of,，,on account of,，,owing to,，,thanks to,，,as a result of,等。,.,单元语法,识记,思考,运用,主语从句,用适当的关联词填空,1.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.,2._ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town.,3.Before a problem can be solved,，,it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.,4.It is still uncertain _ he is coming or not.,5._ seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.,why,That,what,whether,What,【学法,点拨】,主语从句与形式主语,it,连词,that,引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语,it,代主语从句。,连接代词,(,副词,),引导的主语从句，可以用形式主语,it,代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句。,单,词,点,睛,1,.,exist,vi.,存在,，,在于,教材原句,They laid eggs too and,existed,on the earth for more than 140 million years.,他们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。,(1)exist in,存在于,之中,exist on,靠,为生,There,exist(s,)/existed.,某地有,/,存在,(2)existence,n,.,存在；生存,come into existence,产生；成立；开始存在,单句语法填空,/,完成句子,They cant exist _ the money hes earning.,他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。,When did the world come into _(exist)?,写作佳句,_ a generation gap between the young and the old.,青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。,答案,on,existence,There exists,2,.,puzzle,n.,谜；难题,vt.,&,vi,.,(,使,),迷惑；,(,使,),为难,高考例句,(2015,四川，阅读,E),People,have long,puzzled,over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.,长期以来，人们对埃及人是如何搬动那么大的巨石一直感到困惑。,(1)a puzzle,一件让人感到困惑的事情,be in a puzzle,不知如何是好,be in a puzzle about,be puzzled about,对,迷惑不解,(2)puzzle over/about,苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁,单句语法填空,/,完成句子,Their reason for doing it is still _ puzzle to me.,他们为什么干那事仍然让我费解。,Im _ a puzzle as to what to do next.,对于下一步该做什么我不知道。,写作佳句,The firemen _ the cause of the fire.,The firemen _ the cause of the fire.,消防队员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。,答案,a,in,were in a puzzle about,；,were puzzled about,3,.,pull,n.,&,vt,.,拉,(,力,),；拖；牵引力,高考例句,(2013,福建，阅读,A),When,they,pulled,the carpet up in my old bedroom,，,they found the ring.,当他们拉开我旧卧室的地毯时，发现了这个戒指。,pull away(,汽车等,),开走,pull down,拆毁；摧毁,pull in(,车辆,),进站停靠；靠边停靠,pull out,驶出；拉出，拔出,pull up,把,拉过来；,(,使,),停下,单句语法填空,/,完成句子,Look!The girl _(,pull)the,toy along behind her.,The train from London will pull _ at noon.,从伦敦开出的火车中午要进站。,写作佳句,They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it _.,他们在那个问题上陷得太深，难以自拔。,答案,is pulling,in,hard to pull out,短,语,点,拨,1,.,in time,及时；终于；迟早,高考例句,(2014,四川，阅读,B),We,arrived in the summer,，,just,in time,to enjoy the midnight sun.,我们夏季到达，恰好赶上欣赏午夜太阳的奇景。,in no time,立刻，马上,on time,准时,at times,有时,at a time,每次，逐一,at one time,一度；曾经,at no time,决不，从不,写出下列句中,in time,的含义,I intended to catch the early train,，,but I didnt get up,in time,.,Youll succeed,in time,because you are always working hard.,Working hard made him successful,in time,.,答案,及时,迟早,终于,2,.,prevent.from,阻止；制止,教材原句,They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,，,which,prevents,heat from escaping,from,the earth into space.,他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。,prevent/stop.(,from)doing,sth,keep.from doing,sth,阻止,做某事,keep.doing,sth,使,一直做某事,protect.from,保护,不受,侵袭；挡住；防御,单句语法填空,/,完成句子,What can we do to prevent the disease from _(,spread)to,other districts?,A possible war was finally prevented _ breaking out with their effort.,一场可能的战争最终由于他们的努力而避免了。,写作佳句,If you _,，,will you let me know ahead of time?,如果你有事耽搁不能来的话，请提前告诉我一声好吗？,答案,spreading,from,are prevented/stopped/kept from coming,特别提示：,(1),在主动语态中，,stop,和,prevent,的搭配中可省去,from,；而,keep.from doing,sth,中的,from,不可省略。,(2),在被动语态里，这三个搭配中的,from,均不可省略。,3,.,break out,突发；爆发,高考例句,(2014,重庆，阅读,A),War,broke out,one evening.,一天傍晚战争爆发了。,break down,毁掉；坏掉；,(,计划,/,谈判,),失败,break up,打碎；拆散；,(,会议,),结束；分裂,(,解体,),break off(,使,),停止；中断；折断,break into,强行进入,(,某处,),单句语法填空,/,完成句子,Should another world war break _,，,what would become of human beings?,万一另一次世界大战爆发，人类将会发生什么事？,We had to break _ the house as we had lost the key.,因为我们弄丢了钥匙，所以我们不得不破门而入。,写作佳句,A fire _ in the lab,，,a lot of equipment was damaged.,After a fire _in the lab,，,a lot of equipment was damaged.,实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁了。,答案,out,into,having broken out,；,broke out,特别提示：,break out,强调战争、疾病、火灾等的突然爆发，一般不用于被动语态。,句,式,透,析,教材原句,But when I tried to step forward,，,I found I was carried,twice as far as,on the earth and fell over.,而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。,倍数表达式：,(1),倍数,as.,as,.,(2),倍数比较级,than,(3),倍数,the size/height/length/width.,of.,(4),倍数,what,从句,单句语法填空,/,完成句子,They have three times as many cows _ we have.,他们拥有三倍于我们的奶牛。,My house is twice the size _ my parents.,我的房子面积是我父母的两倍。,写作佳句,The room is _ that one.,这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。,答案,as,of,three times the size of/three times as large as/twice larger than,