中考专题复习——介词.ppt

五、介词,考点概览,考查角度,考查频次,时间介词,考查时间介词的基本用法和区别,地点介词,考查地点介词的用法和区别,表示方式、手段或工具等的介词,考查方式、手段或工具等介词的用法和区别,考点一,时间介词,【考点探究】,1.When was David born?,He was born,June 12,1989.,A.atB.inC.onD.for,2.The charity walk begins,9:00 a.m.Dont be late.,No problem.,A.in B.at C.on D.to,介词,用法,for,后跟一段时间,表示“(延续),之久”,since,后加时间点或过去时的句子,表示“自从(过去某时)以来”,during,表示“在,期间”,until,表示“直到,为止”,before,表示“在,之前”,by,表示“到,为止”,考点二,地点介词,【考点探究】,1.Is your father at home?,No,hes working late,the office.,A.on B.atC.of D.to,2.I hear our teacher will be back,three weeks.,A.at B.inC.for D.after,【用法表解】,1.方位介词in,on与to的区别,区,别,in+大地点;at+小地点,包含在整体内部的用介词in,接壤用介词on,相邻用介词to。如下图所示:,B is in the east of A.,C is on the east of A.,D is to the east of A.,2.“上下”介词on/above/over/below/under,区,别,on“在,上面”,表示两者接触。,above“在,的上方”,表示两者不接触,其反义词为below“在,的下方”。,over“在,正上方”,表示两者不接触,其反义词为under“在,正下方”。,3.“前后”介词in front of/in the front of/behind,in front of,表示在某一空间外部的前面,in the front of,表示在某一空间内部的前面,behind,表示在某一位置之后,5.“之间”介词between/among,区,别,between在,(两者)之间;between.and.在,和,之间,among在,(三者或三者以上)之间,【用法表解】,介词,用法,例句,by,by+表示交通工具的名词,Bob often goes to school,by,bike.鲍勃经常骑自行车去上学。,by+,v,.-ing形式,表示“通过方式”,I learn English,by,listening to tapes.,我通过听录音带学习英语。,in,in+语言类名词或选用的材料(该材料一般无具体形状),Can you say it,in,English?你能用英语说吗?,Dont write,in,red ink.,不要用红墨水写。,【用法表解】,介词,用法,例句,on,on+radio/TV通过收音机/电视,We can get much information,on,TV.,通过电视我们能了解大量的信息。,with,表示“用”某种工具、身体的某一部位或器官,We saw the accident,with,our eyes.,我们目睹了这次事故。,考点四,其他介词,【考点探究】,1.What does your new English teacher look like?,She is a pretty lady,long hair.,A.at B.for C.with D.of,2.Project Hope has built many schools,big classrooms and libraries.,A.in B.of C.for D.with,【用法表解】,介词,用法,例句,about,about多用于内容和观点比较一般的情况下,Whats the book,about,?,这本书是关于什么的?,like,意为“像一样”,用于说明相似关系,实际上不是,Dont talk to your father,like,that.别像那样和你的爸爸说话。,as,意为“作为,以的身份”,后跟表示职业、职务的名词,Kobe is famous,as,a basketball player.,科比作为一名篮球运动员而出名。,except,表示“除之外”,是从整体中除去一部分,含有“减”的意思,属于否定形式,We are all here,except,Lucy.,除了露西我们都在这里。(露西不在这里),介词,用法,例句,besides,表示“除之外(还有,其余都相同)”,含有“加”的意思,属于肯定形式,This time well all go there,besides,Tom.,这次除了汤姆我们也都将去那里。(汤姆也去),with,表示伴随,意为“和一起”,Our math teacher came in,with,a ruler in his hand.,我们数学老师进来了,手里拿着一把尺子。,without,表示“没有”,用作状语,Our teacher left angrily,without,saying a word.,我们的老师什么也没说就生气地离开了。,for,表示目的,意为“为了”,Lets go out,for,a walk.,让我们出去散步吧。,2.常与介词at连用的短语。,(1)动词+at。,arrive at,guess at,knock at,look at,laugh at,shout at,work at,(2)be+形容词/过去分词+at。,be angry at,be disappointed at,be good at,be mad at,be surprised at,be shocked at,(3)at+名词。,at a time,at first,at hand,at home,at last,at present,at times,(4)与介词at连用的其他常用短语。,at the bus stop,at the end of,at the foot of,3.常与介词for连用的短语。,(1)动词+for。,apply for,ask for,apologize for,care for,leave for,look for,mistake.for.,pay for,prepare for,search for,provide for,send for,wait for,(2)be+形容词+for。,be eager for,be bad/good for,be famous for/be known for,be late for,be ready for,be sorry for,be useful for,(3)for+名词。,for example/instance,for fun,for sale,for a while,5.常与介词in连用的短语。,(1)动词+in。,arrive in,believe in,cut in,drop in,give in,get in,hand in,succeed in,(2)be+形容词+in。,be active in,be experienced in,be interested in,be lacking in,be successful in,be strict in,be weak in,(3)in+名词。,in bed,in danger,in public,in return,in short,in surprise,in trouble,in time,in turn,6.常与介词of连用的短语。,(1)动词+of。,die of,hear of,remind of,think of,(2)be+形容词+of。,be afraid/terrified of,be confident of,be proud of,be tired of,(3)与介词of连用的其他常用短语。,a kind/type of,all kinds of,because of,instead of,8.常与介词to连用的短语。,(1)动词+to。,agree to,belong to,compare to,devote to,get to,lend.to,look forward to,make a contribution to,pay attention to,prefer.to,(2)be+形容词/过去分词+to。,be blind to,be common to,be harmful to,be kind/friendly to,be opposite to,be similar to,be thankful to,be used to(doing)sth.,(3)与介词to连用的其他常用短语。,according to,to ones surprise,9.常与介词with连用的短语。,(1)动词+with。,agree with,begin with,cover.with.,do with/deal with,fight with,fill.with.,finish with,mix with,(2)动词+sth./sb.+with+sth./sb.。,compare.with.,feed.with.,help sb.with.provide sb.with sth.,(3)be+形容词/过去分词+with。,be angry with,be busy with,be crowded with,be covered with,be filled with,be friendly with,be pleased with,be popular with,be satisfied with,be strict with,1.(2013湛江中考)What did you have,breakfast this morning?,I had some bread and a glass,milk.,A.for;of B.of;for C.for;for D.at;of,【解析】,选A。考查介词用法。句意:你今天早上早饭吃什么了?我吃了一些面包,喝了一杯牛奶。for breakfast“早饭”,a glass of milk“一杯牛奶”。故选A。,3.(2013泸州中考)The story he told us happened,the night of May 5.,A.in B.at C.byD.on,【解析】,选D。考查介词用法。具体某一天或具体某一天的早晨/下午/晚上前用介词on。,4.(2013苏州中考)Sandy is a real book lover and she often brings home many books to read,the library.,A.in B.for C.by D.from,【解析】,选D。考查介词用法。句意:桑迪是一个真正的图书爱好者,她经常从图书馆带回家很多书读。由句意可知应用from。故选D。,5.(2012安顺中考)I like going to school,my bike.,A.in B.on C.by D.at,【解析】,选B。考查介词用法。当交通工具类名词bike被限定词修饰时,不用by,用介词on,故选B。,