种时态标志词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1,常见八种时态,-标志词,1、一般现在时,表示：现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态,We _(go)to school at six forty every day.,My brother _(read)a book once a week.,go,reads,一般现在时使用注意事项：,主语是第三人称时，动词词尾要加,“,s”,或“,es,”,表示“习惯性的动作”经常与下列副词连用：,3.,表示位置移动的动词，如,come,go,start,leave,arrive,等经常用一般现在时代替将来时，特别在固定的时间表中。,4.,在表示时间或条件的状语从句中，也经常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。此类状语从句经常由下列连词引导：,every(每),usually(通常),sometimes(有时),frequently(经常地),always(总是),often(时常),seldom(很少),occasionally(偶尔),表示时间：when,while,before,after,as soon as,till,表示条件：if,unless,in case(=if),注意：表示时间或条件之连词所引导的状语从句,一律用一般现在时代替一般将来时；但如果when 及if 所引导的是名词性从句的话，则不在此限。,If it _(rain)tomorrow,Ill stay at home.,He will be happy when he _(hear)the good news.,Tell me when he _(arrive).,I dont know if he _(come).,.,rains,hears,will arrive,will come,.,_,2、一般将来时,表示：将要发生的动作或存在的状态,1.一般将来时常和下列,表示将来的时间副词连用,:,tomorrow,next year(week,month ),2.表示即将发生的将来也可用 be going to(将要/打算)或 be about to (即将/快要)来代替 will.,It,is going to,rain.,The train,is about to,start.(不与具体时间状语连用),3.Be to+V 表示“一定”,He,is to arrive,tomorrow.,4.表示“开始”,“来,去”等动词常常用现在进行时表将来.,He,is coming,here tomorrow.,They _(wait)for the famous film star for two hours and they would wait until he arrived.,表示：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,We have been waiting for him all afternoon.,so far=by now=up to now=up to the present(迄今；,No permission _(give)for anybody to enter the building.,一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。,3、一般过去时,an hour ago,(现在已经不喝酒了）,The Anti-Japanese War _(break out)in 1937 and it lasted eight years.,注：本时态用来叙述“从过去某时开始，一直延续到目前的动作”。,has attended,Have you been waiting for a long time.,3、一般过去时,表示：过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一般过去时经常和下列表示过去时间的副词连用,：,ago(前),an hour ago,a few days ago,last,last night,last week,last year,yesterday,yesterday morning,the day before yesterday,this morning,just now,the other day,in+过去时间,in those days=then,at that time,注意动词不规则变化,4、现在进行时,表示：现在正在进行的动作,标志：now、Look!Listen!,注意事项：,现在进行时经常和时间副词,now,right now,at present,at this moment,等连用。,go,come,leave,start,return,等动词若与未来时间,(,如：,tomorrow,next week),表示“不久的将发生的动作”，可用“现在进行时”代替“一般将来时”,3.always 和 constantly 与现在进行时连用时，不指正在进行，而指“反复发生”，有时含有不满的情绪。如：,I,am always forgetting,peoples names.,I,am constantly being asked,to make speeches.,You,are always sleeping,in class.,区别：一般现在时表示：永久性、习惯性、固定性,现在进行时表示：临时性、偶发性、短暂性,The earth _(move)round the sun.,The leaves _(move)in the wind and rain.,moves,are moving,5、过去进行时,表示：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,标志：at six yesterday morning、from 7 to 9 yesterday morning、this time yesterday、也可用在when和while引导的从句,He,was taking,a shower at 11 last night.,They,were cooking,when the bell rang.(=While they,were cooking,the bell rang.),主语是第三人称时，动词词尾要加“s”或“es”,When I got to the theatre,I found the tickets _(sell out)and I didnt get one.,since+过去时间,Be to+V 表示“一定”,go,come,leave,start,return 等动词若与未来时间(如：tomorrow,next week)表示“不久的将发生的动作”，可用“现在进行时”代替“一般将来时”,We have been waiting for him all afternoon.,this week/month/year(动作终点在现在),so far=by now=up to now=up to the present(迄今；,There _(be)great changes in China in the past twenty years.,表示：过去发生的动作或存在的状态,3、一般过去时,此类状语从句经常由下列连词引导：,（只说明上个月戒了酒，现在喝不喝酒不知道。,The earth _(move)round the sun.,had learned,注意：表示瞬间动作的动词不能用 for+一段时间,an hour ago,-标志词,6、现在完成时,注意事项：,1.表示“现在刚完成之动作”，经常和下列副词连用：,just(刚刚),already(已经),yet(尚),recently=lately(最近),so far=by now=up to now=up to the present(迄今；至今),these+一段时间(最近),this week/month/year(动作终点在现在),2.表示“经验”，经常和下列副词连用：,never(从未),ever(曾经),once(一次),before(以前),twice(两次),three times(三词),How many times?(有几次),3.表示“过去继续到现在的动作或状态”经常与 for,since,all day 等连用。句型如下：,主语+,+,has +P.P,have,for+一段时间,since+过去时间,注意：此用法如果强调现在仍在进行，可用现在完成进行时，如,I,have been studying,English for five years.,It,has been raining,since last night.,注意：表示瞬间动作的动词不能用 for+一段时间,He has died for three years.(,X,),He died three years ago.(,),He has been dead for three years.(,),It is three years since he died (,),注：过去的经验，若时间不确定，用现在完成时，但若时间确定，则用一般过去时。,I,have met,him before.,I,met,him two days ago.,_,_,现在完成时指动现在已经完成，但后果或影响仍然存在。一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。而现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，这是它们之间的主要区别。,He has given up drinking.,(现在已经不喝酒了）,He gave up drinking last month.,（只说明上个月戒了酒，现在喝不喝酒不知道。）,7.现在完成进行时,动词形态：have/has been+doing,用法,例句,继,续,We have been studying English for three years.,He has been reading since this morning.,We have been waiting for him all afternoon.,-现在仍在学,注：本时态用来叙述“从过去某时开始，一直延续到目前的动作”。,其特点在强调“动作的延续”。,Hes very tired;he,has been working hard,all day.,Have,you,been waiting,for a long time.,8、过去完成时-过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。,标志：before,by the end of last year(term,month),etc.,The train _ before we reached the station.,He said he _ me three years before.,I _him twice by yesterday.,had gone,had met,had met,1.When the speaker entered the hall,all the listeners _(seat).,2.The Anti-Japanese War _(break out)in 1937 and it lasted eight years.,3 Unless he _(promise)to help us,we shall lose the game.,4.You dont need to describe her.I _(meet)her several times.,5.Dont you know its the first time he _(attend)this kind of meeting.,were seated,broke out,promises,have met,has attended,6.This dictionary mustnt _(take)away from the library.,7.We cant use the bridge now,because it _(repair).,8.No permission _(give)for anybody to enter the building.,9.Many bridges _(build)over the river since liberation.,10.Old people must be looked after well and _(speak)to politely.,be taken,is being repaired,has been given,have been built,spoken,11.Dinosaurs _(disappear)about 65 million years ago.,12.They _(ask)to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn.,13.Every possible means _(try),but none proves successful.,14.When I got to the theatre,I found the tickets _(sell out)and I didnt get one.,15.They _(wait)for the famous film star for two hours and they would wait until he,arrived.,disappeared,were asked,has been tried,had been sold out,had been waiting,16.By the end of last year we _(learn)at least 3,000 English words.,17.There _(be)great changes in China in the past twenty years.,18.So far only one third of the work _(do),19.I was told that the coat _(cost)about 2,000 dollars.,20.The new pen _(write)smoothly;why not get one,had learned,have been,has been done,cost,writes,