高中译林牛津英语模块二Unit1grammar.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Present perfect tense,第1页,通常使用,现在完成时,几个情况：,1,表示发生在过去对现在仍有影响动作。,I have read the book.,2,表示过去发生一次或屡次动作。,We all have played football.,3,表示过去开始动作一直延续到现在，只能用于一些带有延续意义动词，常与for,since,so far 等连用。,He has taught here since ten years ago.,第2页,Complete the following sentences with the proper tense.,1 We _(study)English,for about five years.,2 They _(live)in the south,since,their daughter was born.,3 I _(read)your article,three times.,Its well written.,have studied,have lived,have read,第3页,4 The student _(finish)her homework,already.,5 Eric _(go)back to his hometown,today.,6 The police_(finish)searching the area.,has finished,has gone,have finished,第4页,现在完成时与普通过去时区分,：,普通过去时表示发生在过去动作，和现在无关；现在完成时则强调某一发生在过去动作与现在关系，如对现在产生结果或影响等。,第5页,完成以下句子：,I _(see)this film yesterday.（强调看动作发生过了）,I _(see)this film.（强调对现在影响，电影内容已经知道了）,He _(be)in the League for three years.（在团内状态可延续）,He _(join)the League three years ago.（强调加入动作发生在过去）,saw,have seen,has been,joined,第6页,普通过去时还是现在完成时？,1 They _(move)to the south,in 1990,and _(live)there,since then,.,2 Eric _(leave)home,last year,and _(,just,come)back.,3 Justin _(be)away from home,for several days,.He _(disappear),last Friday.,moved,have lived,left,has just come,has been,disappeared,第7页,4 They _(buy)this house,three years ago,and they _(live)here,since then.,5 My brother _(go)to see my grandpa,last week.,He _(visit)him,three times this month.,bought,have lived,went,has visited,第8页,现在完成时与普通过去时惯用时间状语：,普通过去时常与详细时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与含糊时间状语连用，或无时间状语。,普通过去时时间状语：,yesterday,last week，ago,in1980,in October,just now,in the past等，皆为详细时间状语。,第9页,现在完成时时间状语：,for,since,already,yet,so far,up to now,ever,never,recently,lately,just,in the past years,等，皆不确定时间状语。,第10页,延续性与非延续性动词：,延续性动词常与for,how long,since 等引导表示一段时间状语或状语从句连用。一些非延续性动词如come,go,leave,die,join,marry 等如用于现在完成时，普通不能够与表示一段时间时间状语连用，此时应改为意义相近延续性动词来表示。,第11页,He has died.,He has been died for one year.,He has been dead for one year.,第12页,注意：,非延续性动词否定形式能够与表示延续时间状语连用。即动作不发生状态是能够连续。,判断正误：,（）,Ive got his letter for a month.,（）I got this letter a month ago.,（）I,havent received,his letter,for almost a month.,F,T,T,第13页,比较since和for：,Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度,I have lived here for more than twenty years.,I have lived here since I was born.,注意：并非有for 时间状语句子都用现在完成时。,比较：,I _(work)here for more than twenty years.,（,我现在已不在这里工作）,I _(work)here for many years.（,现在我仍在这里工作）,worked,have worked,第14页,用于现在完成时特殊句型,1）It is the first/second time.that结构中从句部分，用现在完成时。,比如：,It is the first time that I _(visit)the city.,This is the first time that I _(hear)him sing.,注意：,It,was,the third time that the boy _(be)late.,have visited,have heard,had been,第15页,2）This is+形容词最高级+that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。,比如：,This is the best film that I _ ever _(see).,ha,ve,se,en,第16页,经典例题,（1）-Do you know our town at all?,-No,this is the first time I _ here.,A.was B.have been,C.came D.am coming,（2）-Have you _ been to our town before?,-No,its the first time I _ here.,A.even,come B.even,have come,C.ever,come D.ever,have come,B,D,第17页,现在完成时在时间或,条件状语,从句中使用方法：,现在完成时在时间或条件状语从句中能够表示强调。,1.Ill give you the book as soon as I _(finish)it.,2.If you _(see)the film,you will like the director.,have finished,have seen,第18页,Read the diary entry on Page 8 and complete it using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,(2)saw (3)has visited(4)loves (5)hasnt visited (6)has swum (7)has never met (8)has dived (9)has found (10)hasnt found (11)Has,been,第19页,现在完成进行时(Present perfect continuous tense):,The first usage:,现在完成进行时表示,强调,某一动作在过去开始发生，已经,连续,到现在，而且,还将连续,；,（连续性）,第20页,1.I,have been learning,English for three years.,2.He is very tired,because he,has been cleaning,the room.,第21页,2.,或动作刚才停顿，但与现在相关。,He is very tired,because he,has been cleaning,the room.,Kelly:Sorry,Im late.,Have you been waiting,long?,Mavis:Yes.,Ive been waiting,for an hour.,第22页,Please explain why the tense is used in these sentences.,1.I,havent been sleeping,well since I returned home.,2.So,weve been looking at,other possibilities too,such as murder.,3.I,have been swimming,in the pool for long,so Im exhausted now.,第23页,现在完成进行时组成：,have/has been+doing,第24页,现在完成时,和,现在完成进行时,区分：,比较以下句子：,一.现在完成时表示事件或动作刚结束，而现在完成进行时则强调动作一直在做而且仍在继续。,1.I have read the book written by you.,2.I have been reading the book written by you this month.,第25页,二.现在完成时能够用表示,状态,动词(,state verb,)或表示动作动词(,action verb,)做谓语，而现在完成进行时则只能用表示,动作,动词,(,action verb,),做谓语。,第26页,I have,had,his book for two months.,I have already,taken,the photos of UFOs.,I have been,taking,photos of UFOs these days.,(state verb),(action verb),(action verb),第27页,动作动词(action verb)与状态动词(state verb),An action,means something happening or changing.,A state,means something staying the same.Some examples of,action verbs,are,do,go,and play,.Some examples of,state verbs,are,have,keep,know,be,stay.,第28页,完成以下句子：,状态动词,只用于完成时态；而,动作动词,可用于完成时态与完成进行时态。,1 I _(have)this camera for five years.,2 I _(take)photos of UFOs with this camera.,have had,have taken,have been taking,第29页,三.twice等表示次数词只与完成时连用；而 for 则能够与完成进行时连用。,1 I_(visit)Egypt,twice,this month.,2 I_(tour)Egypt,for two months.,have visited,have been touring,第30页,How many times/How long,How many times只与,完成时,连用；而 How long则能够与,完成进行时,连用。,1 _ have you swum in the lake?,2 _ have you been swimming in the lake?,How many times,How long,第31页,四.,always,never,yet,already and ever,不能用于完成进行时态中。,1.I _(never visit)Paris.,2.I _(already be)to Paris.,have never visited,have already been,第32页,完成以下句子：,An action which began,in the past,and,is still continuing or has only just finished,can,with certain verbs,be expressed by either,the present perfect or present perfect continuous.,Verbs which can be used in this way include,expect,hope,learn,lie,live,sleep,sit,study,wait,want,rain,etc.,1 How long _ you _ (learn)English?,2 It _(snow)for a long time.,have,learnt,been learning,has snowed,has been snowing,第33页,再比较下面句子：,I,have been learning,English for three years.,I,learned,English for three years.,I,have learned,English for three years.,I,have written,the novel.,I,have been writing,the novel.,第34页,Part A on Page 11:,A(1)heard (2)been doing,(3)been researching,(4)been doing (5)started,(6)done (7)read (8)found,(9)started (10)been doing,(11)been making,第35页,Part B on Page 11:,Sample answers,1 He has been waiting at an underground station.,2 They have been traveling in an UFO.It looks like a saucer.,3 They probably have talked to animals or plants on the earth as well as creatures on other plants.,4 They have visited Mars,Venus,Jupiter and some other planets.,第36页,1.,_ that dress when I first saw you at the station?,A.Were you wearing B.Have you worn,C.Did you wear D.do you wear,2.Kate doesnt look very well.Whats wrong with her?,She has a headache because she _ too long;she ought to stop work.,A.has been reading B.had read,C.is reading D.was reading,第37页,3.“Tell the students to stop shouting.We _ our essays.”,A.write B.have been writing,C.are writing D.have written,4.My uncle,Sam,_ manager of the firm.,A.has just made B.is just being made,C.has just been made D.is just made,第38页,5.,This is the first time that the students _ to Hyde Park.,A.have gone B.have been gone,C.have been going D.are being gone,6.She _ her mothers work since she was admitted into hospital.,A.is doing B.has been doing,C.has done D.has been done,7.Now that you _,what are you going to do?,A.are being returned B.,have been returning,C.have been returned D.have returned,第39页,8.I _ the incident as if it were yesterday.,A.am still to remember,B.have still been remembering,C.am being still remembered,D.still remember,9.Where_ the map?I cant see anywhere.,I _ it right here just now.,A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put,C.had you put;was putting,D.were you putting;have put,10.John told Mary that he _ what he was doing during the vacation.,A.was just asked B.was just asking,C.had just been asked D.had just asked,第40页,11.I started my teaching career at the school.That was more than twenty years ago,and I _ there ever since.,A.was B.had been,C.will be D.have been,12.We _ fine weather for the past few days.,A.have B.are having,C.have been had D.have been having,第41页,13.It _ every day so far this month.,A.is raining B.rains,C.has rained D.has been rained,14.By the end of last year they _ 1,000 machines.,A.turned out B.had turned out,C.would turn out D.had been,turned out,第42页,15.Dont put the waste on the ground.,Oh,Im very sorry.I _ the dustbin there.,A.dont see B.isnt seeing,C.didnt see D.havent seen,16.Good heavens!There you are!We _ anxious about you.We _ you back much earlier all through the night.,A.are;expect B.were;had expected,C.will be;are expecting,D.have been;were expecting,第43页,17.Although medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases,what worries us is that some of them are returning.,A.achieved B.has achieved,C.will achieve D.had achieved,18.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.,A.have been missing,B have got lost,C.be missing,D.get lost,第44页,19.Customers are asked to make sure that they _ the right change before leaving the shop.(重庆）,A.will have,B.have been given,C.have given,D.will be given,第45页,20 A:_ leave at the end of this,month.,B:I dont think you should do that,until _ another job.,A.Im going to;youd found,B.Im going to;youve found,C.Ill;youll found,D.Ill;youd found,第46页,Part C1 and C2 on page 88 in Workbook,Prepare Task,第47页,