虚拟语气培优.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气,(Subjunctive Mood),用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气,。,Definition,1.,虚拟语气的考点,1,、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；,2,、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；,3,、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；,4,、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,if,引导的虚拟条件句,退一步 海阔天空,if,引导的虚拟条件句,虚拟语气在,if,引导的非真实条件中的用法：,虚拟情况,If,从句谓语形式,主句谓语形式,与现在事实相反,did/were,would/should/could/might+do,与将来事实相反,did/were,should+do,were to,do,would/should/might/could+do,与过去事实相反,had+done,would/should/could/might,+have,+done,注意：,在虚拟语气的从句中，动词,be,的过去时态一律用,were,，,不用,was,if,引导的虚拟条件句,倒装的,If,虚拟句,if,引导的虚拟条件句,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有,were,had,（助动词）,should,时,可以倒装成：,Were/Should/Had,+,主,+,其他,Were I you,I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.,If I were you,I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.,if,引导的虚拟条件句,even if/even though,引导的让步状语从句,if,引导的虚拟条件句,even if/even though,引导的让步状语从句,若表示与事实相反,其动词用虚拟语气形式,主从句中的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同,.,if,引导的虚拟条件句,名词性从句中用虚拟语气的,动词,if,引导的虚拟条件句,1 wish,引导的虚拟句,I wish I,remembered,the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,How I wish he,had not left,.,要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）,I wish it,would rain,tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,did/were,现在,had done,过去,would/might/would/should do,现在：,过去：,将来：,wish+that,How I wish,If only,if,引导的虚拟条件句,2 if only,引导的虚拟句,If only,要是就好了,=I wish,If only I,knew,his name,now,!,If only we,had followed,your advice,last time,!,If only I,could see,him again,next year,!,if,引导的虚拟条件句,3 would rather,would rather that,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,I would rather you,paid,me now.,I would rather you,had gone,too.,Dont come.I would rather you,came,tomorrow.,if,引导的虚拟条件句,4,用,(should),+,V,原形,1,以下动词及其相应的名词构成的名词性从句，形式是“（,should,）,+,动词原形”。,一个坚持,insist,两个命令,(order,command),三个建议,(advise,suggest,propose),四个要求,(demand,require,request,desire),。,注意,:suggest,表 暗示表明 时,insist,表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气,My proposal is that you,(should)go,home first before coming here.,His request that his cost,(should)be paid,by the hour is completely reasonable.,The order came that the work,(should)be finished,two days ahead of time,My advice is that you,(should),practise,speaking English as often as possible,Its,suggested,(,ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required,)that,后面的主语从句中要使用,虚拟语气，也以,(should)+v,原,.,的形式出,现。,Its ordered that only German,(should)be,taught,at schools in,Alsas,and,Lorin,.,Its requested that all the students,(should),wear,school uniforms at school.,if,引导的虚拟条件句,2 It,is necessary(important,natural,strange,surprising,etc)that,sb,(should)do,if,引导的虚拟条件句,方式状语从句,as if/as though,中,as if/though+Clause,现在：,过去：,将来,:,did/were(,现在,),had done(,过去,),She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son.,He speaks as if he,had been to,the United States.,would+,动词原形,(,将来,),if,引导的虚拟条件句,as if/as though(,用法与,wish,后的宾语从句相同,即,:,现在使用过去；过去使用过去完成；将来使用过去将来（不管主句的谓语动词如何,）,if,引导的虚拟条件句,The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.,A.should be B.would be,C.have been D.had been,含蓄条件句,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做,含蓄条件句,。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况,:,if,引导的虚拟条件句,1without,but for(,要不是,),otherwise/or,Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.,But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.,Without your help,I would have failed.,But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.,but for(,要不是,),but that(,若非,),without,otherwise,or,只考虑主句,与现在或将来相反，主句,would/should/could/might+do,；,与过去相反，主句,would/should/could/might+have done),Without air,we would not live even for five minutes.,=,If there were no air,we would not live even for five minutes.,But for the storm,we should have arrived earlier.,=,If it had not been for the storm,we should have arrived earlier.,Jack cant have arrived yet;,otherwise,he would have telephoned me.,=Jack cant have arrived yet;,if he had arrived,he would have telephoned me.,if,引导的虚拟条件句,2,混合条件句,假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。,1,）过去时与现在时混合使用，即条件为过去事实相反的假设，而主句为与现在事实相反的说法。,If he had followed the doctors advice,he would be all right now.,2,）,现在时与过去时混合使用。,If he could pass the exam now,he would have passed it last time.,3,）现在时与将来时混合使用。,If he were here now,he could start off with,us tomorrow.,It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.,A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen,C.should fall D.were to fall,答案,:B,虚拟语气特殊句型：,1 Its(about/high)time+that-,过去时,should+V.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went.,Its high time that you were going.,Its high time that you should go.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed.,Its time that we should go to bed.,2,用“,may+,动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时,may,须置于句首,May good luck,be,yours!,祝你好运！,May you,be,happy!,祝你快乐！,May you,do,even better!,祝你取得更大成就,Long,live,the people!,人民万岁！,“,God,bless,you,”said the priest.,牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”,