牛津译林版英语八年级上册期末考试知识点梳理-unit1-4.doc

Unit1-4
1、“数词+more+ 名词复数”= “another+数词+名词复数”如：three more chairs= another three chairs
2、care about sth. 关心、关怀 care for sb. 照顾某人= look after
3、talk about sth.谈论某事 / talk to sb.跟某人谈话 / talk with sb.强调相互交流/
4、lie （说谎）、 lay（平放、下蛋）、lie （躺、位于）的区别
lie ----lied---lied---lying(说谎) lay---laid---laid---laying(平放、下蛋) lie ---lay-----lain----lying (躺、位于)
eg. Don’t believe him ,he is ________. Please______down and have a rest.
The novel was______ (平放) on the table just now.
5、one of +(形容词的最高级+)可数名词复数形式
6、believe sb. “相信某人所说的是实话” believe in sb. “信任某人；相信某人能取得好成绩”
7、play a joke on sb.___________________ be willing to do sth.__________________ helpsb.withsth.___________
In need of ________________________ have a good sense of humour__________ cheer sb. up______________
8、voice 名词，意为“嗓音”可指人的声音也可指鸟的声音
Sound 名词，意为“声音，声响”感官类动词“听起来”
Noise 名词，意为“噪音、喧闹声”多指不悦耳的嘈杂声
9、bored 无聊的；乏味的 interested 感兴趣的 excited 激动的；兴奋的 amused 有趣的
Boring 令人感到无聊的 interesting 有趣的 exciting 令人兴奋的 amusing逗人笑的
Surprised 惊奇的 tired 劳累的 frightened 害怕的 delighted 高兴的
Surprising 令人惊奇的 tiring 令人劳累的 frightening令人害怕的 delighting令人高兴的
（以-ed结尾的形容词修饰的都是人；以-ing结尾的形容词修饰的都是物）
10、fit/ match / suit 的用法
fit （1）及物动词大小、尺寸等“合身” The jacket doesn’t fit me.
（2）形容词 be fit for sb.“适合的，恰当的” He isn’t fit for the job.
（3）形容词“健康的，结实的” keep fit = keep healthy
match 动词多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配；人与人、物与物搭配用match
eg.The carpets should match the curtains.
Suit 动词指颜色，花样或款式适合eg. The jacket doesn’t suit him. Have you got another style?
Suitable 形容词 be suitable for sb.
11、knock sth. onto…. 把…撞到…上Knock at/on 敲 knock over 撞翻；撞 knock down 打倒； knock off敲落
eg. Lily is so careless.She___thecup_____theground..When he ____ _____ the door ,his dog went out and barked
12、What’s he like ? 常用来询问某人的性格或内在品质 What does sb. like ?某人喜欢什么？
what does he look like ?询问某人的外貌长的什么样？= How does sb. look ?
13、both…and…….和…..（两者）都（谓语动词用原形） either ….or…. 要么…要么…（就近原则）
Neither…nor…既不…也不…（就近原则） not only…but also 不仅..而且..(就近原则)
14、表示建议的句子有：
（1）why don’t you do sth. = why not do sth. （2）What about / how about doing sth.
（3） Shall we do sth. / let’s do sth. （4）Would you like to do sth.? （5）You’d better (not) do sth.
15、few / a few / little / a little 的区别
Little / a little + 不可数名词 few/ a few + 可数名词
A few / a little 表示肯定（一点/一些） few/little 表示否定（几乎没有）
16、take /bring/get/ fetch/carry 的区别：
take 指拿走 A → B eg.I’m going to take you to Beijing.
bring 指带来 A ← B eg. Bring me a cup of tea ,please.
get 指到别的地方把某物或某人带来或拿来eg. She went back to get her handbag.
fetch 去取来 A →←B 与get 相似 eg. Please fetch me some chalk.
carry 不强调方向，带有负重的意思eg.The monkey carried the bag on her back.
17、offer sb. sth = offer sth. to sb意为“主动拿给；给予” = give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb.
Provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. to sb.为某人提供某物
18、In the end = finally at the end of 在…的末尾 near the end of 在…快结束时 by the end of 到..末尾为止
19、Win 及物动词指赢得比赛后面不可加人 win the game / the basketball match
Beat 及物动词指打败后面跟人 beat sb.
20、a number of 与 the number of 的区别：
“a number of +复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；
“the number of +复数名词”意为“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
21、“四大花费”
Spend：sb.（人） + spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth.
sb.（人） + spend + 时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.
pay：sb.（人） +pay + 金钱+for sth.
cost：sth.(物) + cost + sb.+金钱
Doing sth.costs + sb.+时间
take：it takes sb. +时间+ to do sth.
22、look 相关短语
look through ________ look after________ look for______ look over________ look up________
look out____________ look forward to __________________look at__________look like________
23、keep 的用法
（1）keep （on）doing sth. “继续、重复做某事”表示动作持续不断 He kept asking his mother what to eat.
（2）keep +形容词“使处于…的状态”Everyone should do exercise and keep healthy.
（3）keep+宾语+形容词“使..处于…的状态” We should keep the classroom clean.
（4）keep +宾语+ from doing sth. “阻止….做某事” =stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. from doing sth.
（5）keep off =keep away from远离如：keep off the grass.
24、动词+doing sth.
Go doing sth. / finishdoing sth./Be good at doing sth./ do well in doing sth.
How/what about doing sth./practise doing sth. /mind doing sth. /be crazy about doing sth.
25、 Exercise 动词或名词“锻炼”不可数。Exercise 名词表示“练习、操”可数，复数形式 need to exercise
26、take part in/ join/ join in /enter for /attend 表示参加的区别:
take part in 指参与某种活动并发挥作用eg. Tom took part in the sports meeting and won the first prize.
Join 指参加某种组织；或加入到某个人群众，从而成为其中一员eg. She has joined the army.
Join in sth /doing sth后一般接某种娱乐、游戏类活动。eg. Can I join in the game ?
Enter for 指报名参加；eg. Almost everyone in the village enters for the nicest garden petition every year.
Attend 指出席某种活动还可以表示上课eg. attend class ; attend the report ;attend the meeting
27、arrive at、arrive in / get to/ reach 的用法区别：
Arrive at 后接小地点 arrive at school Arrive in 后接大地点 arrive in London
Get 必须与to 一起表示“到达”之意后加地点Reach 是及物动词后面直接加地点做宾语
注意：若后接地点副词如：home/here / there 时 get to 、arrive at/in 介词需省略；而reach 后不能接地点副词
28、can’t wait 迫不及待 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待去做某事 can’t wait for sth.对某事迫不及待
29、get on________ get off_______ get in/into________ get out of _______ get on well with_________get up_______
30、couldn’t believe one’s eyes____________________couldn’t believe one’s ears________________________________
31、for oneself 亲自；为自己 / by oneself 独自；独立地
eg. She can make a kite ____________. Hank couldn’t believe his ears .He opened the door to see____ _____.
Say to oneself______think to oneself________ enjoy oneself_________teach oneself_______
look after oneself_______Take care of oneself__________help oneself____________ keep sth. to oneself__________
32、take place 与happen 的区别
take place 常用于已计划、已安排或人们积极参与的事情
happen 偶然发生的事情，也用于由另一件事情引起事情
33、scissors复数名词；单独做主语时谓语动词用复数形式；而与pair连用时，谓语动词要与pair一致
类似的复数名词还有：shoes、jeans、glasses、chopsticks、gloves、trousers等
34、instead 与instead of 的用法区别
Instead 放在句末前面加替代者如：Lily isn’t here . Ask Lucy instead.
Instead of 介词短语，放在句中后接被替代物如：I’d like to go swimming instead of staying at home.
35、put in_________ put up_________ put on__________ put away_______
put down_______ put out________ put aside_______ put off_________
36、be full of = be filled with __________ advise sb. to do sth._______________ advise doing sth.____________
37、cut sth. intosth.________　　cut down________ cut sth.out_____________
学府教育《英语》八年级上册Unit1-4综合练习
一、单项填空
( )1．What_________ honest boy! And he is_______ best student of all．
A．a；a B．an；the C．a；the D．the；the
( )2．My best friend can share things________ me and help people________ trouble．
A．with；with B．in；in C．with；in D．in；with
( )3．Climbing is one of________，I think．
A．the most difficult activity B．the most difficult activities C．most difficult activity D．most difficult activities
( )4. If you want to be healthier，you have to eat________ and take________ exercise．
A．fewer，more B．few，fewer C．less，more D．less，fewer
( ) 5. American students spend ________ time _________ homework than Chinese students.
A. fewer, doing B. less, to do C. less, doing D. least, doing
( )6．She always looks_________．Now she’s looking________ at her new drawing．
A．happy；happy B．happy；happilyC．happily；happilD．happily；happy
( )7. I’ll vote ________ Mary because she always helps people _______ need.
A. to, in B. to, for C. for, in D. for, for
( )8. Today is Wednesday. He _______ be at home. He _____ be at school.
A. can’t, can B. can’t, must C. mustn’t, must D. mustn’t, can
( ) 9. —Can I have _____ more food?—Sorry. There’s _________ in the fridge.
A. some; anything else B. some; nothing else C. any; anything else D. any; nothing else
( ) 10. This suit ______ him _______ very young.
A. makes; look B. make; looks C. makes; looks D. make; look
( )11．He waited________ waited，_________saw nothing and nobody at 1ast．
A．or；but B．and；or C．and；but D．or：and
( )12．The trip was very_________，for it_________ us about 2 hours by bus．
A．boring；took B．boring；costC．bored；took D．bored；spent
( )13．She found traveling_________ and was quite________ in it．
A．interested；interesting B．interesting；interesting C．interesting；interested D．interested；interested
( )14．“Dad，thank you for_______ let me________ fishing today．”
A．agree to；to go B．agreeing；go C．agreeing to；go D．agree to；go
( )15．Look! Simon is trying________ the rocks．
A．to pull himself up B．pull himself up C．pulling him up D．to pulling himself up
( )16. Mum, go and see for_______. But we must keep the secret to_______.
A. ourselves; yourselves B. yourself; ourselves C. ourselves, ourselves D. yourself; yourselves
( )17. e and cheer_______ our team! _______ your support, we will play better!
A. at; For B. at; With C. for; In D. for; With
( )18. Max spends_______ time than_______ making a fruit salad in his class.
A. fewer; any student B. less; any student C. fewer; any other student D. less; any other student
( ) 19. -_______ driving is very important to us. - I think so. We must drive as_______ as possible.
A. Care; careful B. Carefully; carefully C. Careful; carefully D. Careful; careful
( )20.-A worker next door is putting_______ on the wall.- It's impossible for me to study with all that noise.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
( )21. Half-time is a _______ period for the players to rest.
A. 20-minutes B. 20 minute C. 20 minutes D. 20-minute
( )22. -_______ does she look? - She is slim. A. How B. What C. Which D. Who
( )23. - Would you like some balloons for your party?- Thanks. The_______, the_______.
A. many; good B. most; best C. more; better D. better; more
( )24.- What_______ your cousin so happy?- To him, _______ videos at weekends is really fun.
A. make; watched B. make; to watch C. makes; watches D. makes; watching
( )25.. Helen will make an excellent teacher when she_______.
A. gives up B. puts up C. grows up D. wakes up
( )26. The line ofpeople is_______. I'm too_______ to wait.
A. endless; patient B. endful; impatient C. endful; patient D. endless; impatient
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. It __________ (take) them several days to finish reading the books,didn’t?
2. These boys kept on_______ (draw) for two hours.
3. The coffee tasted so wonderful because mother_______ (mix) it with milk.
4. It is too hard_______ (repair) the broken bike. I sold(卖) it last week.
5. Never forget_______(stick) a stamp on the envelope before posting it.
6.Yesterday, the sun __________ (shine) brightly in the sky. It was such a warm day.
7.When did you __________ (到达) Yancheng last Sunday?
8.With your __________ (支持), we’ll finish the task quickly.
三、翻译句子
1．我认为开车比步行快得多。
2．感谢你同意让我参加今天的旅行。
3．他们在聚会上又唱又跳玩得很开心。
4．老师叫我们尽可能多地练习说英语。
5．你们能用最少的钱和人把工作做得最好吗？
6.希望工作帮助那些有需要的孩子。
7.我们上周去香港旅游了一趟。
8.孩子们等不及想要圣诞礼物。
9.婚礼将会在何时何地举行？
10.那个小男孩用泥土把洞填了起来。
11.坚持尝试，你会发现你可以更好地记住东西了。
12.你可以告诉她任何事，因为她总能保守秘密。
13.这桥多宽呀？90英尺宽。
14.在夏天，中国学生休假比日本学生多。
15.约翰在浏览了这期周刊后，就和往常一样先看他最喜欢的体育新闻。
16.对于我来说，学好外语是重要的，所以我每天坚持读英语。
17.你应该去上学，而不是躺在床上。
18．Jack着迷于玩电脑游戏。
19．妈妈建议我添加一些番茄酱。
20．他不仅会唱歌，而且会弹钢琴。