Americaof1950s.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,America of 1950s,politicsKevin,EntertainmentWinnie,EconomyMonica,ScienceBella,American politics in 1950s,1950-Pres.,Harry Truman,(til 1952)approves production of the hydrogen bomb and sends air force and navy to Korea in June,Production of the hydrogen bomb,Korea war,The purpose,To compete with Union of,SovietSocialistRepublics,(cold war),Want to be the key leader of the world,Korea war,Despite the post-World War II demobilization of U.S.and allied forces,which caused serious supply problems for American troops in the region,the United States still had substantial forces in Japan to oppose the North Korean military.These American forces were under the command of,General,Douglas MacArthur,.Apart from,British Commonwealth,units,no other nation could supply sizable manpower.,1953-Fighting ends in,Korea,.,The affect of this,unsuccesful,war,It cost 54,000 American lives and$67 billion in expenditures.This unsuccessful war caused Americans to reject the Democratic party in 1952 and to re-elect Eisenhower.The war also increased fear of communist aggression and,1952-The,Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1952,removes racial and ethnic barriers to becoming a U.S.citizen.,The Immigration and Nationality Act,or INA,was created in 1952.Before the INA,a variety of statutes governed immigration law but were not organized in one location.The McCarran-Walter bill of 1952,Public Law No.82-414,collected and codified many existing provisions and reorganized the structure of immigration law.The Act has been amended many times over the years,but is still the basic body of immigration law.,1955-The,American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations,merge making the new AFL-CIO an organization with 15 million members,.,1959-,Alaska,and,Hawaii,become the forty-ninth and fiftieth states.They are called fire and ice,Entertainment of 1950s,Fashion,Music,Movie,Fashion,Main characteristic:the strong element of conservatism and anticommunist feeling,clothes:blue jeans and,poodle skirts,entertainment areas:national parks and the new Disneyland,Toy:Barbie dolls become popular among girls,Poodle skirts,Music,When the 1950s are mentioned,the first type of music comes to most peoples minds is,rock&roll,.This type of music was popular with teenagers who were trying to break out of the mainstream(,主流,),conservative,American middle class mold.,Music in the Fifties was more than just rock&roll.,Crooners,(,柔声唱歌的流行歌手,)were also popular.,Movie,A street car named desire(,欲望号街车,),The story is developed satirically:peoples mutual slaughter(,自相残杀,)is out of strong desire,and a world with jungle law(the weak are the prey of the strong)takes shape.,It is the first movie that thinks about sexs effect on peoples body and mind.The movie break through the“happy ending stereotype of Hollywood movies with a tragedy end.,Marlon Brando(,马龙,白兰度,),He brought the techniques of,method acting,to prominence in the films.His acting style,combined with his public persona as an outsider uninterested in the Hollywood of the early 1950s,had a profound effect on a generation of actors,including James Dean and Paul Newman.,Roman Holiday,The“holiday”,in my opinion,means freedom for both the princesses and the journalist.,Audrey Hepburn,She is a angel falling down to the earth,and is beautiful both in apprearance and heart.And her beauty never fades with her age or death.,Cat on a Hot Tin Roof(,朱门巧妇,),The central theme of the play is mendacity(,虚伪,),a word that the actor uses to describe his disgust about the world,.,The play also contains suggestions to homosexuality or at least the role of homosexuality in the Southern society.,Elizabeth Taylor,She was the“most beautiful woman in the world.,She has gotten married for 8 times.,Rebel Without a Cause,(,无因的反抗,),This movie reflects the teenagers confusion and chaos,and it is a milestone of this kind of movies.,Audience are impressed by James Deans gloomy eyes,murmuring to himself and hands tucked in his jackets pocket.,James Dean,He only acted three movies all his life,but he,is one of only five people to be nominated for Best Actor for his first feature role,and the only person to be nominated twice after his death.,Many teenagers of the time modeled themselves after him,and he made the jeans more popular.,economic,The start of,golden age,The 1940s state intervention,The 1950s restored;developed,piecefully,gold,outflowing,The 1960s developed fast,power of science and technology,1955 a typical year of the 1950s,Standed,for the rapid economic growth,of the decade.1 National output,10 percent above 1954,2 production of manufacturers,40 percent more,3 National income,30 percent more than 1950,4 business spent 30 billion dollars,for new factories and machinery.,5 Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars,6 Almost fully employed people,65 million employed,2 million unemployed,-a good condition,science,In 1951,Transcontinental television,begins with a speech by Pres.Truman,While commercial television evolved through other technologies,AT&T devised,built and operated the system that made network transmission possible.Beginning in 1948 with a network connecting stations from Boston to St.Louis,AT&T constructed cable and microwave-relay facilities that spanned North America.,President Harry Truman inaugurated transcontinental television service on Sept.4,1951,when AT&T carried his address to the United Nations in San Francisco to viewers as far away as New England.,In 1955,Dr.Jonas Salk,developed a vaccine for polio,In 1947,Salk accepted an appointment to the University of Pittsburgh Medical School.While working there,with the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis,Salk saw an opportunity to develop a vaccine against polio,and devoted himself to this work for the next eight years.,In 1955 Salks years of research paid off.Human trials of the polio vaccine effectively protected the subject from the polio virus.When news of the discovery was made public on April 12,1955,Salk was hailed as a miracle worker.He further endeared himself to the public by refusing to patent the vaccine.He had no desire to profit personally from the discovery,but merely wished to see the vaccine disseminated as widely as possible.,Jonas Edward Salk,(,October 28,1914,June 23,1995,)was an,American,biologist,and,physician best known for the research and development of a killed-virus polio vaccine,the eponymous,Salk vaccine,.,During his life,Salk worked in New York,Michigan,Pittsburgh and California.In his later career,he devoted much energy toward the development of an AIDS vaccine.,While being interviewed by Edward R.Murrow,on,See It Now,in 1955,Salk was asked:Who owns the patent on this vaccine?Surprised by the questions assumption of the requirement of a profit motive for his creation,he responded:There is no patent.Could you patent the sun?,1958,Explorer I,the first U.S.satellite,successfully orbits the earth,Milestone:,First Successful United States Satellite,Date of Milestone:,1958,Spacecraft:,Explorer 1,Operated by:,NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory,Spacecraft Location:,Smithsonian Institution,National Air and Space Museum,Milestones of Flight Gallery,Explorer 1,Identical backup for the original satellite,This satellite was built as a backup-an identical unit for the original Explorer 1.It could have been launched if the first one had failed.The striped portion contains the instruments,radios,and batteries.It is attached to a single solid-propellant rocket motor,which served as the launch vehicles fourth stage.,Length:203 cm(80 in),including rocket motor,Diameter:15 cm(6 in),Weight:13.9 kg(30.7 lb),Launch Vehicle:Jupiter-C(Juno I),Explorer 1 became Americas first satellite on January 31,1958.Following the Soviet success with Sputnik and the embarrassing failure in December 1957 of the first American attempt to launch a satellite,the U.S.Army launched a scientific satellite using a rocket that had been developed to test guided missile components.,Explorer 1 carried an instrument package developed by a team at the State University of Iowa under the direction of Professor James A.Van Allen.Data returned by Explorer 1 and Explorer 3(launched in March 1958)provided evidence that the Earth is surrounded by intense bands of radiation,now called the Van Allen radiation belts.This was the first major scientific discovery of the space age.,People,Three key Explorer 1 team members triumphantly display a full-scale model of the satellite after its successful launch.From left to right:,William H.Pickering,director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,which designed and built Explorer.,James A.Van Allen,University of Iowa physicist who directed the design and creation of Explorers instruments.,Wernher,von Braun,head of the U.S.Army Ballistic Missile Agency team that designed and built the Jupiter-C rocket.,1958-The first domestic jet-airline passenger service is begun by,National Airlines,between New York City and Miami,Within the United States,National Airlines became the first to begin jet service,using leased Boeing 707s,on December 10,1958.,American Airlines,offered the first domestic jet service using its own aircraft on January 25,1959 with a flight from New York to Los Angeles.With this coast-to-coast service,American had a big competitive coup;the two other major domestic U.S.airlines,Trans World Airlines(TWA)and United Airlines,had not anticipated the imminent use of jets for domestic service.TWA quickly scrambled to catch up,and using a single Boeing 707,it joined the coast-to-coast flight market in March 1959.The last minute move helped keep TWA afloat through a difficult period of economic loss.,Questions,What role did the America play in the Korean War?,Do you know what are the last 2 states to join the USA?,Why did the rock&roll become so popular in this decade according the social background?,Whats the characters of the economic development in 1950s compared to 1940s and 1960s?,Whats the name of the first American satellite?,Thank you!,