代词 高考英语 语法.ppt

,考点精讲领悟,高考集训启迪,预测模拟演练,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,工具,语法专项提升,栏目导引,代 词,1,指代时间、距离、自然现象等。,It is half past two now.(,指时间,),现在是两点半。,It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.(,指距离,),离最近的医院是,6,英里。,It is very cold in the room.(,指温度,),房间里很冷。,A lovely day,，,isnt it,？,(,指天气,),好天气，是吗？,2,指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。,Ive broken a plate.,我打碎了一个盘子。,It(,Breaking the plate)doesnt matter.(,指前面所提到过的事情,),没关系。,The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.(,指双方都明白的事情,),帕克一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作需要去做。,3,it,作先行代词代替不定式、,v,.ing,形式、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。,It felt funny watching myself on,TV.(it,作形式主语，,watching myself on TV,是真正的主语,),在电视上观看自己非常滑稽可笑。,He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.,他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。,In my opinion,，,its no use arguing with him.,依我看来，同他争论没用。,4,表示,“,喜欢、恨,”,等心理方面的动词后面接,it,，构成固定结构，这类动词有,enjoy,，,prefer,，,love,，,like,，,hate,，,dislike,，,appreciate,等。,Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.,如果你教我如何使用电脑我感激不尽。,I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.,我讨厌人说话时满嘴食物。,1.(2010,全国卷,)The doctor,thought_would,be good for you to have a holiday.,A,this,B,that,C,one D,it,解析：,句意为：医生认为度假对你有好处。本题考查代词,it,作形式主语。根据句意不定式短语,to have a holiday,在宾语从句中作真正的主语，只有,it,可作形式主语，故选,D,项。,答案：,D,2,(2011,青岛市联合模拟,)I would appreciate _,，,to be frank,，,if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.,A,you B,this,C,it D,myself,解析：,考查代词。此处,it,作形式宾语，代替后面的,“,if goods could be delivered as soon as possible,”,。,to be frank,为插入语。,答案：,C,3,(20104,月济南模拟,)When _comes to saving energy,，,big changes start with small steps,，,like turning off the lights.,A,that B,this,C,it D,one,解析：,考查代词用法。,when it comes to(,doing)sth,.,是固定结构，表示,“,当涉及某事,(,或做某事,),时,”,。句意为：当提到节能的时候，大变化从细微的行动开始，比如随手关灯。,答案：,C,1,another,指,“,任何一个,”“,再一,”“,另一,”,，作代词或形容词，用于三者或三者以上。,(2009,山东卷,)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face another day like that.,昨天一整天我感觉很糟糕，所以今天早晨我决定不能像那样面对另一天了。,Please give me another ten minutes.,请再给我十分钟。,2,the other,可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的,“,另一个,”,；也可修饰名词表示,“,另外的,”,。,There are two pens on the,table.One,is blue,，,and the other is red.,桌上有两支钢笔一只是蓝的，另一支是红的。,3,other,不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义。,There are other ways to do this experiment.,做这个实验还可以用别的方法。,4,others,只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为,“,其他的人或事物,”,，常与,some,一起出现；特指,“,其他的全部人或事物,”,时用,the others,。,Some people like to stay at home on Sunday,，,but others like to go to the cinema.,星期天，一些人喜欢呆在家里，另一些人则喜欢去看电影。,1.(2010,全国卷,)Neither side is prepared to talk,to_unless,we can smooth things over between them.,A,others B,the other,C,another D,one other,解析：,句意为：除非我们能消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们两人都不打算和对方讲话。,others,没有范围，指别人；,another,没有范围，指另一个；,the other,指两者中的另一方，根据关键词,neither(,两者都不,),，答案选,B,项。,答案：,B,2,(2010,潍坊第一次模拟,)This young man is very clever,；,he may be _Edison.,A,the one B,the other,C,another D,one,解析：,考查代词。句意为：这个年轻人很聪明，他可能成为另一个爱迪生。,another,另一个，这里是一种对比，强调这个年轻人的聪明。,答案：,C,3,(2010,安徽卷,)You are a team star,！,Working,with_is,really your cup of tea.,A,both B,either,C,others D,the other,解析：,句意为：你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。本题考查代词。,both,和,either,指两者，首先被排除；,the other,有范围限定，意为,“,其余的,”,，而题干中没有范围和数量限制，故也被排除。,others,意为,“,其他的、另外的或别的人或事物,”,，符合题意要求，故为答案。,sb.,s,cup of teawhat,sb.likes,，,is interested in,，,etc.,某人所喜爱、所关注的等。又如：,Skiing isn,t really my cup of tea.,滑雪不算是我的嗜好。,答案：,C,1,all,表示,“,(,三者或三者以上,),都,”,，指人或所有的物，看作复数；指抽象的概念，作,“,一切,”,讲，看作单数。,I dont like all of the three,books.Only,one in particular has attracted my attention.,这三本书我并非都喜欢，只有一本书吸引了我。,2,both,表示,“,(,两者,),都,”,。,Both of them like popular songs.,他们两人都喜欢流行歌曲。,3,either,表示,“,(,两者中,),任何一者,”,。,There are shops on either side of the street.,街道的每一边都有一些商店。,4,neither,表示,“,(,两者,),都不,”,。,Because Henry and Mark had to work,，,neither of them came yesterday.,因为,Henry,和,Mark,要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。,5,none,作可数名词用时，指三者或三者以上，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可，作不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，在句中作主语或宾语，不作定语，不与名词连用。,(2009,上海卷,)Wow,！,Youve got so many clothes.,哇！你衣服真多啊！,But none of them are in fashion now.,但是现在没一件跟上潮流。,6,no one,和,nobody,只指人不指物，其后不接,of,短语，一般回答,who,的提问。,(2009,全国卷,)Charles was alone at home,，,with no one looking after him.,查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。,1.(2010,浙江预测卷,)Which one can I take?,You can take _of them,；,Ill keep none.,A,both B,any,C,either D,all,解析：,句意：,我能拿哪一个？,你可以全拿走，我一个也不留。根据,I,ll keep none.,可知，有三个或三个以上的东西，而且可以全部拿走，所以选,D,。,答案：,D,2,(2010,福建毕业班检查,)How do you usually keep in touch with your friends,，,by email or letter?,_.I use telephone only.,A,None B,Neither,C,Any D,Either,解析：,考查不定代词。句意为,“,你通常是如何与朋友保持联系的，发邮件还是写信？,都不是，我只用电话联系。,”,neither,表示,“,两者都不,”,，,none,表示,“,三者,(,及以上,),都不,”,，,either,表示,“,两者中任一,”,，,any,表示,“,三者,(,及以上,),任一,”,，据语意选,B,项。,答案：,B,3,(2010,济宁第二次联考,)There are two roads leading to the power station along the,river.You,can take _of the roads.,A,either B,both,C,neither D,all,解析：,考查代词的用法。句意为：沿着这条河有两条路通向那座发电站。你走两条路中的任何一条都可以到达。根据句意，这里应该是,“,两者选一,”,，故,B,、,C,和,D,项不正确。,either,指,“,两者中的任意一个,”,。,答案：,A,4,(2010,东城练习二,)They all wanted to stop working because they were very tired,，,but _of them would say so.,A,any B,some,C,none D,neither,解析：,本题考查代词。句意为：他们都想停止工作，因为他们太累了，但是又没有人愿意说出来。根据,all,可知他们指三者或三者以上，表示三者及三者以上的全部否定应该用,none,。,答案：,C,1,it,意为,“,它,”,，特指前面提到的同一人或同一物。,I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,，,but I dont have enough money to buy it.,我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子，但是我没有足够的钱买它。,2,that,意为,“,那个,”,，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于,the one,。,(2007,辽宁卷,)The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than that in the newspaper.,网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播得要快得多。,Few pleasures can equal that(,the,pleasure)of,a cool drink on a hot day.,没有一种快乐能等同于在炎热的天气里喝上一杯冷饮所带来的那种快乐。,3,one,意为,“,一个,”,，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的,“,一个,”,。,Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,，,one I will always treasure.,多年后的那次和我叔叔见面真是一个令人难以忘记的时刻，我将永远珍惜这一刻。,1.(2010,福建龙岩检测,)The number 512 is a special number,，,_,，,I think,，,that will be remembered by the Chinese people forever.,A,what B,it,C,which D,one,解析：,考查代词。该句中,one,指代前面提到的,a special number,，其实,one,及其定语从句与前面的,a special number,是同位语关系，,I think,在句中可作插入语，所以选,D,项。,答案：,D,2,(2010,合肥第三次教学检测,)When I moved to a new community,，,I found it different from _I had stayed in before.,A,one B,that,C,it D,the one,解析：,考查代词。语意表示这个新社区与,“,我,”,先前住的那个社区不同，因为空处与前面的,community,是同类事物，所以用,one,代指；同时空后有定语修饰，表特定指代，所以要加,the,，故选,the one,。,答案：,D,3,(2010,陕西卷,)The cost of renting a house in central,Xian,is higher,than_in,any other area of the city.,A,that B,this,C,it D,one,解析：,句意为：西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。本题考查的是代词的指代。首先将此句改为：,The cost of renting a house in central,Xi,an,is higher than the cost in any other area of the city.,然后考虑用,that,代替特指的不可数名词,the cost,。,答案：,A,1,(2010,江西卷,)Swimming is my favorite,sport.There,is_like,swimming as a means of keeping fit.,A,something B,anything,C,nothing D,everything,解析：,句意为：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。本题考查不定代词。根据上文可知，空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词，所以,C,为答案。,答案：,C,2,(2010,天津卷,)_in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.,A,Anything B,Nothing,C,Everything D,Something,解析：,句意为：我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次去参观故宫博物院。本题考查不定代词的用法。从题中,so.as.,搭配来看，设空处需要否定词，而,nothing,与比较结构连用，有,“,什么也不如,”,的含义。,答案：,B,3,(2010,山东卷,)Helping others is a habit,，,_you can learn even at an early age.,A,it B,that,C,what D,one,解析：,句意为：帮助他人是习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的一种习惯。考查代词作同位语。设空处作,a habit,的同位语。,one,用来代替前面出现的泛指的单数名词,a habit,，以避免重复。,答案：,D,4,(2010,辽宁卷,)The fact that she was foreign,made_difficult,for her to get a job in that country.,A,so B,much,C,that D,it,解析：,句意为：她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。,it,作,make,的形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。,答案：,D,5,(2010,新课标全国卷,)Ill spend half of my holiday,practising,English,and_half,learning drawing.,A,another B,the other,C,others D,other,解析：,句意为：我准备把我假日时间的一半用来练习英语，另一半时间学习绘画。根据句意可知，假日的时间被分成两半，用,(one)half.the other(half),表示,“,一半,另一半,”,。,another,表示没有具体限定的,“,另一个,”,；,C,项的所有格使用不正确；,other,另外的，其他的。,答案：,B,6,(2010,浙江卷,)_thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.,A,One B,All,C,Everything D,Anything,解析：,句意为：重要的是你正在尽最大努力并且朝正确的方向前进。在本句中,that,s important,为定语从句。,one,某一个，代指可数名词，表示泛指；,all,所有，后加,that,引导的定语从句，相当于,what,或,who,引导的名词性从句；,everything,一切；,anything,任何事物。根据句意可知答案为,B,项。,答案：,B,7,(2010,重庆卷,)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never,found_of,them again.,A,neither B,either,C,each D,all,解析：,句意为：冲突中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的,temper,和,health,，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除,D,项；,each,指两者或两者以上的每个，不合题意；题干中出现了,never,，故排除表否定的,neither,；,never,与,either,连用，表示全部否定，故为答案。,答案：,B,8,(2010,上海卷,)If our parents do everything for us children,，,we wont learn to depend on _.,A,themselves B,them,C,us D,ourselves,解析：,句意为：如果我们的父母为我们孩子们做了所有的一切，我们就不会学会独立。由句意和句中的,we,可排除,A,和,B,两项；空格处用反身代词作宾语与非主语保持一致。,答案：,D,9,(2010,福建卷,)When you introduce me to,Mr,Johnson,，,could you please say _for me?,A,everything B,anything,C,something D,nothing,解析：,句意为：当你向约翰逊先生介绍我时，请为我说句好话，行吗？本题考查不定代词用法。由句意可先排除,A,、,D,两项；,anything,常用于疑问句和否定句，而本句表请求，应该用,something,。,答案：,C,10,(2010,四川卷,)On my desk is a photo that my father took,of_when,I was a baby.,A,him B,his,C,me D,mine,解析：,句意为：我的桌上有一张我父亲在我小时候给我拍的照片。此题考查代词，但呈现方式为定语从句形式。先行词是,a photo,，代入定语从句后为：,My father took a photo of me.,我父亲为我照了一张相。,答案：,C,练规范、练技能、练速度,