UNIT-5-Nelson-Mandela-Garmmar.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero,Learning about Language,Lets enjoy a beautiful song,Hero,There,s a,hero,If you look inside your,heart,You dont have to be,afraid,Of what you areThere,s an,answe,r,If you reach into your,soul,And the,sorrow,that you know,Will melt away,And then a,hero,comes along,With the strength to carry onAnd you cast your fears asideAnd you know you can,survive,So when you feel like hope is,gone,Look inside you and be strongAnd youll finally see the,truth,That a,hero,lies in you,Grammar review,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause,限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause,非限制性定语从句,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,which,who,whom,何时可以省略？,作,宾语,时可以省略,1.This is the best hotel in the city _ I know.,A.it B.where C.that D.which,2.,Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady _ comes from Beijing.,A.who B.which C.whom D.whose,3.Is there anything else _ you require?,A.which B.that C.who D.what,4.Whats the name of the man _?,A.,y,ou borrowed his car,B.which car you borrowed,C.,w,hose car you borrowed,D.,h,is car you borrowed,1)The time,when I first met Nelson Mandela,was a very difficult period of my life.,the Attributive Clause(,)on P34 in our textbook,2)The school,where I studied for only two years,was three,kilometres,away.,4)The day,when Nelson Mandela helped me,was one of my happiest.,3)This was a time,when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.,5)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage,where we have almost no rights at all,.,6)The parts of town,in which they had to live,were decided by white people.,7)The places outside the towns,where they were sent to,live were the poorest parts of South Africa.,8).we were put into a position,in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.,关系副词,指代,在从句中的作用,when(=at/in/on/during/which),where(=in/at/which),why(=for which),时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,一,.,关系副词的用法,关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。,1.where,表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。,相当于,in which,注意：,where,在从句中只作地点状语，不作主语或宾语。,What is the name of,the town,where(in which),we stayed,last night?,Think of,a place,where(in which),we can go for dinner.,Please leave the book at,the place,where(in which),it was.,关系副词：,when,where,why,关系副词引导的定语从句修饰表示时间、地点、原因的名词,并在定语从句中作状语,相当于,“,介词,+,关系代词,(,which,),”,。,2.when,表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。相当于,on/in which,Tell me,the time,when,the train leaves.,July,when(=in which),we can go home for a rest,is coming soon.,3.why,表示原因，通常跟在,reason,后引导定语从句。相当于,for which,I dont know,the reason,why(for which),he left here.,This is,the reason,why(=for which),he cried.,Conclusion,：,关系代词,which/whom,前介词的选择由,先行词的习惯搭配或,后半句动词的搭配决定。,关系副词,when,where,why,所指代的先行词分别是表示时间、,地点或原因的名词，并且在定语从句中作状语，,多数情况下相当于“介词,+which”,结构。,【,即学即练,】,Harvard is a world-famous university_ Wang An got his doctors degree.,In 1951 Dr Wang founded his own company _ computers were made.,3.He became a very successful entrepreneur in the US in 1985,_ he made$3 billion.,4.The reason_ you should be late for school is unbelievable.,where/in which,where/in which,when/in which,why/for which,This is the factory.I worked in the factory ten years ago.,This is the factory,where,I worked ten years ago.,The school is near a park.My son studies in this school.,The school,where,my studies is near a park.,We visited the house.,Luxun,once lived in the house.,We visited the house,where,Lusun,once lived.,Theyll never forget July 1.Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1.,Theyll never forget July 1,when,Hong Kong returned to its motherland.,The days are gone forever.We used foreign oil during those days.,The days,when,we used foreign oil are gone forever.,There was a time.The businessman lost heart at that time.,There was a time,when,the businessman lost heart.,二,.,关系代词与关系副词的区别,1)a.The reason _he missed the speech is that he,forgot the time.,b.The reason _,he gave us sounded reasonable.,2)a.Ill never forget the day _ we spent together in Paris.,b.Ill remember the day _ we stayed together at,that time.,why/for which,that/which/,that/which/,when/on which,3)a.Is this the house_ we visited last year?,b.Is this the house _ Lincoln once lived?,that/which/,where/in which,先行词在定从中的不同成分,引导词不同,Conclusion,：,关系代词和关系副词的选择需要分析定语从句的结构。如果先行词定语从句中,作主语、宾语或定语,则要用关系代词,that/which/who/whom/whose,作,宾语,时可以省略；如果先行词在定语从句中,作状语,，则要用关系副词，即,when/where/why,或介词,+which.,介词,+,关系代词的情况,The man,whom you,spoke,was a scientist.,to,The city,which she lives,is far away.,in,可见,who,、,that,不能用于介词之后,介词,+,关系代词的情况,Is this the watch that you are,looking for,?,The old man whom I am,looking after,is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,Compare and think,介词,+,关系代词的情况,Exercises:,1.Do you like the book,she spent$10?,2.Do you like the book,she paid$10?,3.Do you like the book,she learned a lot?,4.Do you like the book,she often talks?,on which,for which,from which,about which,that,which,whose,whom or who?,1.Is there anything else _,you want to say?,2.Any person _,has the money can join the group.,3.He opened the door,in front of _,sat a boy.,4.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.,5.The boy _,mother is dead was brought up by his father.,that,that,which,whom,whose,6.He did,all/,everything _he could to help me.,7.This is,the very,thing _ I am after.,8.We talked about,the men and the things,_ we remembered at school.,9.He is,the only,man _ can do the work.,10.This is,the first,thing _ I want to say.,11.He is,the finest,man _ I have ever worked with.,that,that,that,that,that,that,as,引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在,主句前,，也可以放在,主句后,，有时还可,插入主句中,。,which,引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词通常是前面的一整个句子，且通常放在,主句之后,。,2.,as,意为,”正如,“,，后面的谓语动词多是,see,know,expect,say,mention,report,等；,which,意为”这一点”,.,Avatar is a very successful film,as,is known to all.,As,we know,Taiwan belongs to China.,The prices of houses,as,is often reported,have been going up sharply in the past few months.,The sports meeting was put off,which,made us disappointed.,三,.,as,与,which,几组关系代词的区别,1.the same as,与,the samethat,the sameas,表示相似的东西,the same that,表同一人或物,This is the same knife as I lost.,（相似的一个）,This is the same knife that I lost.(,同一个）,2.such/soas,与,such/sothat,such/soas(,定语从句）像,那,such/sothat(,状语从句）如此,以至于,(1)This is such an easy question as I can answer.,(2)This is such an easy question that I can answer it.,【,达标检测,】,用,where,which,when,whose,填空,1.Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play,，,of course,_ made the others unhappy.,2.I shall never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my parents.,3.The factory _ his brother works lies in the south of the city.,4.They took care of the old man _ son lost his life in the fire.,which,when,where,whose,Correct the sentences:,5.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.,6.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,who,which,7.The reason why he explained sounds reasonable.,which,8.The date when he told me was the 5th August.,which/that,9.A bank is the place _they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.,【2011,浙江,10】,A.when B.that C.where D.there,【,解析,】,选,C,。句意：银行是一个晴好天气借给你雨伞而雨天又要回雨伞的地方。此处空格处在语句中作地点状语，所以选择关系副词,where,；,A,项表示时间，,B,项为关系代词，,D,项不能作关系词。,10.The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.,【2011,天津,10】,A.when B.that C.where D.which,【,解析,】,选,A,。句意：体力是你生存所需的日子一去不复返了。,days,为先行词，在句子,physical strength was all you needed to make a living,中作时间状语，相当于,on the days,故用关系副词,when,来替换。,that,和,which,是关系代词，在句子中作主语，宾语和表语，,where,是关系副词，表地点。,11.She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction _ had taken more than three years.,【2011,江西,34】,A.for which B.with which,C.of whichD.to,which,【,解析,】,选,C,。句意：她带领游客参观了那个建造工程花费了超过三年时间的博物馆。先行词为,museum,，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间用介词,of,。,Easier said than done.,说得容易，做得难。,