英语：高考名词性从句课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,NOUN CLAUSE,在一个句子中，名词能作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。当我们在一个句子中用一个句子来担当主语、宾语、表语和同位语时，这个句子就叫做主语从句、或宾语从句、或表语从句、或同位语从句。这些从句的统称为名词性从句。,一、名词性从句的引导词有：,任何一种从句都必须由一个引导词来引导。引导名词性从句的引导词在语法上称为连接词。而连接词又根据它们在句子中的不同作用又被划分为：,连接词 连接代词 连接副词,.,连接词,：,that,、,if,、,whether,连接代词,：,who,、,whose,、,what,、,which,连接副词：,when,、,where,、,why,、,how,、,how long,二、各种连接词的用法：,连接词,that,、,whether,、,if,不在它们引导的主语从句 中充当句子成分。,注：,whether,引导主语从句时，既可以直接位于句首，也可以位于句末；,if,引导主语从句时只能用于,it,作形式主语的从句中。,whether,可以与,or not,连用，,if,则不行,.,2.,连接代词,who,、,whose,、,what,、,which,等都在句子中 担当一个句子成 分。比如：主语、宾语、定语等等。,3.,关系副词,when,、,where,、,how,、,how long,等分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等等。,1._ he will come to the discussion is certain.,2._ I like best is a book.,3._ I like the book best is known to everyone.,4._ she looked after the old patient a whole year,moves us all.,5._ puzzled the police specially was how the,murder died.,6.,_ surprised me most was _ she,looked after the old patient a whole year,.,1/.,区别,what,与,that,the book,T,hat,W,hat,T,hat,T,hat,W,hat,W,hat,t,hat,t,he old patient,2/.,区别,whether,与,if,1._ we need it is a different matter.,A.Whether B.What C.That D.If,2.It is a different matter _ we need it.,A.that B.whether C.if D.what,3.It doesnt matter _ we need it or not.,A.whether B.if C.that D./,4.I shall tell him the truth,_.A.whether he likes it or not B.no matter he likes it or notC.whether or not he likes D.no matter how likes it,1/.whether,引导主语从句时，既可以直接位于句首，也可以,位于句末；,if,引导主语从句时只能用于,it,作形式主语的从,句中。一般说来,whether,可以与,or not,连用，,if,则不行。,A,B,C,A,A,1.The question _ we need it has not been decided.,A.that B.what C.if D.whether,2.Father made a promise _ I passed the exam he would buy me a bicycle.,A.that B.if C.whether D.that if,3.They are investigating the question _ the man is trustworthy.,A.that B.if C.whether D.that if,2/.whether,引导的从句可以作名词的同位语，,if,则不行。,D,D,C,1.I worry about _ I hurt her feelings.,A.that B.what C.if D.whether,2.It all depends on _ they will support us.,A.that B.what C.if D.whether,D,3/.whether,引导的从句可以充当介词宾语，,if,则不行。,D,1._ he comes or not,we will begin our party on,time,A.that B.what C.if D.whether,4/.w,hether,引导让步状语从句，表示“不管”；“不论”，不能由,if,取代。,D,w,ho:,谁,w,hoever,：,无论是谁,what:“,的东西（事情）”或“什么”，相当于,all that,。,w,hatever,：,无论,的东西（事情）等。,Which,：,哪一个,whichever,：,无论哪一个,When:,什么时候,whenever,：,无论什么时候,Where,：,哪里；什么地方,wherever,：,无论什么地方,同位语从句,同位语从句跟在某些名词，如：,idea,news,promise,fact,、,thought,、,reply,、,report,、,question,、,hope,、,word,、,suggestion,、,doubt,等，的后面,用来表示它们的具体内容,引导词有连词,that,副词,how,when,where,等。,1.I have no idea that he has already gone abroad.,2.The news that she had passed the entrance examination made her parents very happy.,3.The text tells us a fact that smoking does great harm to peoples health.,4.I have no idea when Jack will be back.,5.He cant answer the question how he got the money.,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,:,1.,同位语从句中，,that,是连词，不充当成分。,2.,定语从句中，,that,起连接作用外，还充当成分。,3.,同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，定语从句与前面的名词是所属关系，起修饰作用。,4.,同位语从句的连词,that,一般不能省略，定语从句中，作宾语时，常可省略。,1.We expressed the hope(that)they had expressed.,我们表达了他们曾经表示的那种希望。（定语从句）,2.We expressed the hope that they would come to,visit China again.,我们表示希望他们再来中国访问。（同位语从句）,1.There is a popular belief among parents that schools dont pay any attention to handwriting.,2.The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.,3.The news that he told me just now is true.,4.The idea that he gave surprises many people,5.The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.,6.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.,7.The question that he raised puzzled all of us.,8.This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.,(,同,),(,同,),(,同,),(,同,),(,定,),(,同,),(,定,),(,定,),三、,that-,从句作主语通常用,it,作先行词，而将,that-,从句置,于句末。,1.It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed,to failure.,（That the whole project is doomed to failure is,quite clear.）,2.Its a pity that you should have to leave.,（That you should have to leave is a pity,.,）,用,it,作形式主语的,that-,从句有以下几种不同的搭配关系：,a.It+be+,形容词,+that-,从句,It is necessary that,有必要,It is important that,重要的是,It is obvious that,很明显,It is strange that,奇怪,It is natural that ,是很自然的。,1.It is important that we(should)unite with all that can be united.,2.It is necessary that he(should)be sent there at once.,3.It is important that the students(should)pronounce every word correctly.,4.It is natural that he(should)change his mind.,b.1/.It+be+-ed,分词,+that-,从句,It is believed that,人们相信,It is known to all that,从所周知,It has been decided that,已决定,1.It is thought that Joe drives badly.,2.It was well known that Napoleon always asked the,same three questions,and usually in the same order.,3.It is widely believed that the more you learn,the more,likely you will win.,4.,It is known to all that he has got many stamps of a,particular kind.,2/.It is suggested that,It is ordered that,It is requested that,It is proposed that,1.It is requested that they should performance at,the party.,2.It is desired that we should get everything ready,by tonight.,c.It+be+,名词,+that-,从句,It is a pity that,令人遗憾的是,It is a surprise that,令人惊奇的是,It is a fact that,事实是,1.Its a pity that he has made such a mistake.,2.It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.,d.It+,不及物动词,+that-,分句,It appears that,似乎,It happens that,碰巧,It occurred to me that,我突然想起,1.It happened that,Mathilde,met with Jeanne in the,park in Paris after ten years.,2.It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day,tomorrow.,3.It doesnt seem that they know where to go.,注：,wh,-,从句作主语也常用先行词,it,做形式主语，而将,wh,-,从,句置于句末。例如：,1.It is not yet decided who will do that job.,2.It remains unknown when they are going to get,married.,3.It is still a question when we shall have our sports,meet.,