中考英语简单句的5种基本类型.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,简单句,的五种基本类型,授课人:陶国珍,2008年4月18日,简单句（,Simple Sentences,）,由一个主语,(,或并列主语,),和一个,谓语,(,或并列谓语,),构成,的句子。,并列句,(Compound Sentences),由并列连词（,and,but,or,so,等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。,复合句,Complex Sentences,由一个主句和一个以上的从句构成的句子。,英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,!-,呵呵,就像俺这样,:,Practice makes perfect!,-,熟能生巧,Do not worry!,一个完整的,简单句,按,结构,分,由,“,主语部分,+,谓语部分,”,构成,For example:,The man,is,writing.,(,主语部分,)(,谓语部分,),哲学上说,:,运动是绝对的,静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于,动词,一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词,(,除了省略句外,),动词,连系动词,主要动词,行为动词,助动词,辅助动词,情态动词,be(is am are was were)/seem/keep,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,变得,不及物动词,laugh/smile/look/listen,及物动词,see/hear/drink/eat,be(is/am /are/was/were),do/does/did,have/has/had,will/shall/be going to/,can/may/must /shall/need,could/should/would/might,have(has)to /had better,连系动词,be(is am are was were)/seem/keep/,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,/,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,/,变得,表语,:,表示,主语,是什么,(,身份,),或者,怎么样,(,处于什么状态,),。,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。,和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说,:,连系动词,后面的就是,表语,!,He,is,a boy,.,She,is,a girl,.,They,are,students,.,They,are,good,.,He,looks/seems,ill,.,The apple,tastes,nice,.,Trees,turn,green,.,Your idea,sounds,good,.,主语 连系动词 表语,连系动词,主,系,表,结构,（,SVP,）,=,主语,+,连系动词,+,表语,Mr.Li,is,a good teacher,.,The movie,is,interesting/wonderful,.,He,feels,hungry,.,The flower,looks,beautiful,.,主语,Subject,:,表示句子所说的是,“什么人”,或,“什么事物”,。,也就是,动作的发出者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语,Predicate,:,说明主语,“做什么”,、,“是什么”,或者,“怎么样”,。,也就是,做了什么行为动作,或,处于什么状态,。,谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用,动词,。,宾语,Object,:,表示动作、行为的,对象,。,也就是,动作的接受者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗,咬,人,。,主语,The dog,谓语,bites,宾语,a man,人,跑,。,主语,The man,谓语,is running.,及物动词,是,后面可以直接跟宾语的动词,:see/hear/drink/eat/,I,saw,him,last week.,We,heard,the bad news,yesterday.,They,eat,bread,every day.,He,drank,a glass of milk,just now.,不及物动词,是,后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词,:laugh/smile/look/listen/,She,smiled,happily.,They,laughed,loudly.,如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助,:,She,look,at,the blackboard,carefully.,He,listened,to,his teacher,in class.,They,laughed,at,us,after the match.,什么是,及物动词,和,不及物动词,呢,?!,The boy,is fishing,.,The girl,dances,well.,The duck,is swimming,.,The woman,walks,slowly.,主,谓,结构,（,SV,）,=,主语,+,谓语动词,不及物动词,He,likes,basketball game,.,He,plays,computer games,every day.,He,played,soccer,yesterday.,He,is playing,the guitar,now.,及物动词,主,谓,宾,结构,（,SVO,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们在放风筝。,They,are flying,the kites.,风筝在天上飞。,The kites,are flying,in the sky.,He,gave,me,a present,.,She,teaches,us,.,She,teaches,English,.,She,teaches,us,English,.,She,told,me,a story,.,及物动词,主,谓,双宾,结构,（,SVOiOd,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,(A)buy/build/choose/cook/make/draw,He bought me a new bike.,也可以改为,for,sb,的句式,He bought a new bike,for,me.,(B)give/take/send/bring/show/,write/sell/lend/pass/return/offer/read,She lent me a book.,也可以改为,to,sb,的句式,She lent a book,to,me.(c)borrow/get,也可以改为,from,sb,的句式,She borrowed a book from me yesterday.,主,谓,宾,宾补,结构,（,SVOC,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾语的补足语,He,told,me,to clean my room,.,I,saw,her,dancing,.,Our teacher,asks,us,to read English,every day,.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/make,sb,.,do,sth,.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/,sb,.,to do,sth,.,expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feel,sb,.,do,sth,.,sb,.,doing,sth,.,help,sb,.(to)do,sth,.,_,句,She,is,a very good girl,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),_,句,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,fly,in the sky.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,词,),_,句,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),_,句,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),_,句,:,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),蛮简单的哦,!,Let me try!,1,主系表,:,She,is,a very good girl,.,(,主语,)(,连系动词,)(,表语,),2,主谓,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,are flying,in the sky.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,),3,主谓宾,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,),4,主谓宾宾,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,),5,主谓宾宾补,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,),Keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并,理解,be,动词的双重身份,（连系动词,助动词）,Exercise,Everything goes well.,we exercise every day.,we are sitting now.,you are listening carefully.,you are listening to me carefully.,we are having an English class.,I teach you English.,last week I bought a gift for my son.,I will write a letter to you.,we should keep our classroom clean every day.,I know a little girl called Lily.,we find it difficult to learn English.,we felt very excited today.,Trees are green.,Summary,Everything goes well.,we exercise every day.,we are sitting now.,you are listening carefully.,_,主谓句,you are listening to me carefully.,we are having an English class.,I know a little girl called Lily,._,主谓宾句,I teach you English.,last week I bought a gift for my son,I will write a letter to you.,_,主谓宾宾句,we should keep our class room clean every day,(13)we find it difficult to learn English,_,主谓宾补句,we felt very excited today.,Trees are green._,主系表句,Summary,