Unit-19-Modern-agriculture.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 19 Modern agriculture,Warming up,speaking,reading,language points,grammar,Integrating skills,Warming up,Growth of major farm products 1991-95 compared with 1986-90 percentages,Which farm product grew most during the first five years of the1990s?,Which grew least?,How are peoples eating habits changing over the years?Why do you think this happens?,As the graph shows,the produce for all products was higher than before.Especially the produce of meat,fish and fruit has increased very sharply.,Some of the reasons maybe are:People are earning more money,so the want to buy and eat more meat.People learn more about healthy food,so they want to eat more fruit.Eating fish doesnt make people as fat as eating meat,so people like eating more fish.,4.How has agricultural produce changed during these years?,When people want to eat more fruit,farmers will have to produce more fruit.Many farmers plant fruit trees beside their fields or in places where they cannot grow other crops.In this way farmers make better use of the land,and this will help to develop the economy.,China now produces almost 80%more fish and fruit than twenty years ago.The produce of meat over the same period is up about 60%.Oil and sugar are up about 30%each.Grain and cotton are up 10 and 15%.,5.What effects do you think the changes in eating habits will have on agriculture or nature?,First,Chinese people are eating more meat.next,farmers have to raise more pigs,sheep and cattle.So,more grass is needed to feed more sheep and cattle.So,farmers need more grassland.Possibly,they will cut down trees to take more land on which to grow grass.They would destroy nature if farmers want to use more land.,So:Develop modern agriculture to meet the change of peoples eating habits,without destroying or damaging the environment.,Bad effect,Good effect,Speaking,Useful expressions,In my opinion we should If I were you,I would As far as I can see the best thing would be to Wouldnt it be better if?,I think he is right We have to make a choice We cant do both,so The other idea sounds better to me,Practice:,A,:I think the best we could do is grow rice.Rice is an important product and.Another reason why I think we should grow rice is that.,B,:Well,I disagree.I think it would be wrong to .We should grow more ,because and .I dont think it would be a good idea to because there are already many .,A,:But we are not sure whether the factory will be built here.If not,then .As far as I can see the best thing to do would be to .,C,:Wouldnt it be better to because and .Besides,.,D,:Well,I dont think any of you is right.We have to make a choice,and in my opinion we should because.To pant trees on the land would be a waste of ground and money.Because .,E,:We have to make a choice.But we cant do both,so I think A/B/C/D is right .,Notes:,How are peoples eating habits changing,over,the years?,over,在,期间，直到,过完（指直到某一时间的终了，并包括某一时间为止）,She had a could over Christmas.Cant you stay over Sunday?Lets talk about it over the dinner.,2.Why do you think this happens?,do you think,是插入语,What can you guess made us so worried?Where did they suggest we should go during the summer holidays.Who do you think will win in the game?,作插入语的词有：,believe,consider,suppose,imagine,guess,say,和,suggest,等，还有能接宾语从句的形容词如：,afraid,sure,glad,certain,surprised,pleased.,What was he afraid would cause his failure?Who are you sure will get the first place in the examination?,3.What effects do you think the changes in eating habits will have on agriculture?,Do you think,作插入语，原句是：,What effects will the changes in eating habits have on agriculture or nature?,Have an effect(effects)on,对,产生影响,The conference had been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.,A.In B.on C.at D.with,4.Farmers have to,raise,more pigs,sheep and cattle.,raise,饲养（家畜等）；种植，栽培；举起，抬高；引起，激起,The farmers here raise wheat.His parents mainly live by raising sheep.She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.I was raised by my aunt on a farm.Her joke raised a laugh.,比较：,raise,keep,support,与,feed,5.,Prepare,role cards,discuss the problem and try to make a decision.,Prepare sth.,准备某物,First prepare the rice by washing it,then cook it in boiling water.,prepare sth.for,为,准备某物,Mr Smith is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.,prepare for sth.,为,做准备,What special food do people prepare for the coming festival?,Be prepared for,为,做好准备（强调状态）,Tom was not prepared for the masters question.,Summary,raise/feed,tooto,lead to,changeinto,make a decision,a reason why is that,a waste of time,make good money,do what is best for everybody,take notes of,Exercises,1.They _ chickens,cattle and crops as well on the farm.,A.raise B.feed C.keep D.bring up,2.My brother stayed at home studying English _ going to the cinema.,A.instead B.instead of,C.without D didnt,3.The accident was my fault,so I had to pay for the damage _ the other car.,A.of B.at C.to D.on,A,B,C,4.The old man is still suffering from pain.It seems that the medicine has _ him.,A.no effect to B.little effect on,C.some effect in D.a good effect on,5.A hammer _ driving in nails.,A.is used to B.is used for,C.Is used as D.is used of,B,B,Language points,Although China is a very big country,only,seven percent of the land,can be used for farming.,百分数部分用作主语，其谓语动词要依其后的名词意义来决定。,About sixty percent of the apple is bad.About sixty percent of the apples are bad.,About 70 percent of the workers in the factory _ the youth,and in 2 days half of the work _ finished.,A.is;has B.are;has been C.was;has been D.have;is,2.,It is,on this arable land,that,the farmers produce food for the whole,population,of China.,Population,的用法,某地拥有多少人口,地点名词,+has a population of+,基数词,The population of+,地点名词,+is+,基数词,This city has a population of 250,000.The population of this city is 250,000.,询问某地人口数要用,what.,Whats the population of that country?,人口多少常用,large,或,small,修饰,The population of Shanghai is larger than that of beijing.,One third of the population of this country are farmers.,强调句型：,It is/was+,被强调部分,+that/who+,剩余部分,原句：,Mr Flower left all his money to his wife in 1989.,It was Mr.Flower that left all his money to his wife in 1989.It was all his money that Mr.Flower left to his life in 1989.It was to his wife that Mr.Flower left all his money in 1989.It was in 1989 that Mr.Flower left all his money to his wife.,3.To make as much use of the land as possible,two or more crops are planted each year where possible.,as as possible as as one can,尽可能,as much time as possible as many books as possible You must come as soon as possible.,Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.,More than twice B.as twice as many C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many,4.Where(it is)possible/necessary.,状语从句省略具备两个条件：一是从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为形式主语；二是从句的谓语部分含有动词,be,。,While(we were)walking in the street,we noticed a car knock down an old man.Correct the mistakes if(it is)necessary.,5.More advanced technical information was,brought in,from abroad in the 1980s.,Bring in,带来；引进；提出；挣得,We should bring in new technology.,引进,Hell bring in an important topic.,提出,The thief was brought in,with his hands tied back.,带进,6.,It was,from the early 1990s,that,scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without,harming,the environment.,harm vt.,伤害；损害，危害,n.,伤害，损害，危害,harm sb./sth.=do sb./sth.harm=do harm to sb./sth.,Harmful adj.,有害的,be harmful to sb./sth.,=be harmful to,7.Future agriculture should,depend on,high technology,as well as,traditional methods.,Depend on=depend upon,依靠；取决于,=rely on,The country depends heavily on foreign aid.We cant depend upon others to help us.,8.,Not only,is food production important,but also,taking care of the environment.,Not only but(also),不但,而且,Not only he but also I like sports.,连接谓语时，,not,前不可有助动词,He did not only say it,but also did it.,He not only said it,but also did it.,连接两个并列分句，如果位于句首，,not only,后的分句主语需要倒装（但,but also,后的主语不能倒装）,Not only did he teach at school,but also he wrote novels.,9.,Using the,latest,technologies,Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouses.,Using the latest technologies,是分词短语作状语，表示方式,=by using the latest technologies.,They eat using the fingers of their right hands.,Latest,最新的，最近的，最晚的,Have you heard the latest news about the accident?,Latest adj.,最新的，最近的，最晚的,late adj.&adv.,晚了,lately adv.,最近（用于现在完成时）,later adv.,后来,latter n.,后者,adj.,（两者中）后者的,10.not but,不是,而是,He is not Chinese,but Japanese.They need not money but laborers.,连接并列主语时，谓语动词要与紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,Not the students but,the teacher,is,hoping to go there.,11.The temperature is controlled with computers,no matter how,the weather is outside.,no matter,不管；无论,，与,when,where,how,及,who,what,which,等连用，引导让步状语从句。也可以用,whatever,whenever,wherever,however,等替换，意思不变。,No matter where/wherever you may go,I will find you.No matter how late/however late he goes home,his mother waits for him.,Whatever,whoever,whichever,还可以引导,名词性从句,，此时不能用,no matter,结构替换。（,no matter,只可引导状语从句）,You can take whatever book you like.Whoever leaves last must lock the door.,12.stand for,代表，象征,What does“WTO”stand for?,13.in other words,换句话,In other words,she must give up singing.Im not used to the way you speak to me.,In other words,I dont want to continue our conversation.,14.a variety of,多样，若干不同的,=varieties of,He left for a variety of reasons.The shop has a large variety of goods to choose from.,Summary,compare to/with,for thousands of years,as much as possible,make use of,be harmful to,depend on,as well as,Not only,is food production important,but also,taking care of,the environment.,protect from,no matter how,be different from,be known as,stand for,in other words,The way tomatoes grow from a natural seed is changed.,a variety of,Exercises,1.About 30%of his income _ on books.,A.were spent B.is spent,C.are spending D.was spending,2.There are five different prizes:three in sciences,_ chemistry,physics,medicine,one for literature and one for the Peace Prize.,A.including B.include C.contain D.containing,B,D,3.-The river smells so terrible.,-Yes,so we should take some measures to _ it _.,A.protectingfrom polluted,B.protect from polluting,C.protectfrom being polluted,D.protecting from being polluted,4.A man does not know the difficulty of anything _ he does it personally.,A.although B.if C.because D.unless,C,D,Grammar,It,的用法,一,.,作人称代词,1,、,it,代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的,事物,。,You cannot eat your cake but have,it,.,（,it,代替前面的,cake,）,2,、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。,The baby cried because,it,was hungry.,（,it,代替前面的,baby,）,3,、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。,-Someone is knocking at the door,Peter.-Who is,it,?-,It,s me.,二,.,作无人称代词,it,作无人称代词时，除了句中,找不到它所代表的词语,外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是,表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况,等。,It is fine(rainy,windy,etc.).,It is noon.,It is a half hours walk to the factory.,三,.,作强调词，构成强调结构,用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“,It is(was)+,所强调的成分,+that(who)+,其它成分,。”在这个句型中，,it,本身没有词义。,原句,I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday,.It was,I,that(who)met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.,It was,Li Ming,that I met at the railway station yesterday.,It was,at the railway,station,that I met Li Ming yesterday.,It was,yesterday,that I met Li Ming at the railway station.,1.Not until,结构中，若强调,until,从句，应把,not,与,until,一并提前，结构为,It is/was not until that,原句：,The mother did not go to bed,until her son came back,.,It was,not until her son came back,that,the mother went to bed.,It was,not until his father came,that,the boy began to do his homework.(,将此句复原,),The boy did not begin to do his homework until his father came.,2.,问句形式：,一般问句：,Was/Is+it+,被强调部分,+that+,特殊问句：疑问词,+is/was+it+,被强调部分,+that+,主,+,谓,+,Is it the girl in red who is your sister?What is it that you want me to do?Who was it that told you the news?,注意：,3.,强调结构与定语从句之间的区别：,强调结构中，若把结构去掉，剩余部分为一个完整的句子；若不是，则为定语从句。,It was in the room that we held our meeting yesterday.,In the room we held our meeting yesterday.,强调结构,It was the room where/in which we held our meeting yesterday.,定语从句,4.,强调句型与,it is/was+,时间,+when,It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.,It was midnight when I got here yesterday.,强调句型,时状从句,5.,强调句型与,it is+,时间,+since,从句,It is since,自从,以来已有,(,时间,),It was two years ago that I began to learn English.,It is two years since I began to learn English.,强调句型,6.,强调句型与以下几个句式的区别：,It wasnt long before,不久以后就,It wont be long before,不久就会,It was(not)two years/days before,两年,/,两天就会,(,用不了两年,/,两天就会,),比较：,It was two years later that he came back from abroad.It was two years before he came back from abroad.,Exercises:,It was at this shop _ I bought the watch.,A.that B.which C.what D./,2.It is the president _ is important,not you or Jim.,A.one B.that C.what D.it,3.He was nearly drowned once.When was _?_was in 1998 when he was in middle school.,A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This,4.It was in Beihai Park _ they made a date for the first time _ the old couple told us their love story.,A.that;that B.where;when C.that;when D.where;that,It was in 1998 when he was in middle school(that he was nearly drowned).,5.It was _ she was injured in the accident _ she didnt come to the party yesterday.,A.as;which B.because;that C.since;why D.for;how,6.Was it not until you began to work _ how much time you had wasted?,A.did you realize B.that you realized C.did you not realize D.that you didnt realize,7.I cant quite remember _ you started doing the work.,A.that it was when B.when it was that C.when was it that D.that was it when,Integrating skills,Farming and Gardening,The first paragraph:,About Jia Sixie,The second paragraph:,About Qimin Yaoshu,The third paragraph:,About Jia Sixies advice,The advice that Jia Sixie gave to farmers:,Farmers should do things at the right time of the year.,Farmers should examine the soil carefully.,If the condition of the soil is not good,farmers should improve it.,Before sowing or planting crops,farmers should clean rough ground and remove weeds.,Farmers should let sheep or cattle(cows)walk on the land before sowing or planting crops.,Farmers should plough the land,so weeds are destoyed.,When ploughing the land,farmers should plough deep the first time and less deep the second time.,Farmers will get the best results if they change crops in their fields.,If farmers plant rice in a field one year,and wheat in that field the following year,they will harvest good crops.,If farmers plant wheat close together,they will have better results than when they plant wheat leaving space between the plants.,It is good to grow different plants next to each other in the same field.,Finish the reading exercises on page 162 of the additional book.,