绝缘阻抗测试.ppt

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,American Standard Inc.2001,Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN,ELECTRICAL INSULATION TEST GUIDELINES FOR,电气绝缘测试指导,CENTRAVACS,HELICAL ROTARY AND RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR MOTORS,This Training Program is part of the Trane Service Technician Passport Program,Course Contents,课程目标,Safety,安全,Fundamentals,基础,Why,Which,When,What and How,Types of Test,测试的类型,CenTraVac Test,离心机测试,Helical Rotary Test,螺杆机测试,Review,回顾,Upon Completion of the Course,完成这一课程后,The audience should be able to:,学员应该能够,Provide safety measurements associated with electrical work,在电气工作中提供有关安全的措施,Understand the electrical insulation test procedure recommended by Trane,理解特灵所推荐的电气绝缘测试程序,Recognize the factors that affect the test,认清影响测试的因素,Differentiate the test parameters depending on the type of unit,根据测试类型区分测试的参数,Submit recommendations upon test results,根据测试结果提交建议,Safety,安全,Electrical Insulation Test,电气绝缘测试,Before servicing energized equipment,在维修带电设备之前,Its your responsibility to:,你有责任：,Know about energized equipment,了解带电设备,Understand hazards of electricity,理解电气危险,Use safe work practices,使用安全操作规则,Review Lockout/Tag out procedures,确认挂牌/摘牌操作流程,Inspect your PPE before each use,在使用前检查你的防护用品,Follow emergency rescue procedures,遵循急救流程,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,Working with energized equipment,维修带电设备,Only qualified personnel is permitted to work on energized electric equipment,只有合格人员才能维修带电的设备,Qualified person must be familiar with,合格的人员必须熟悉,Special precautionary techniques,特定的预防手段,PPE,个人防护用品,Insulating and shielding materials,绝缘隔离物质,Insulated tools,绝缘工具,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,Emergency Procedures,紧急措施,Provide assistance to the victim only if you can do so,对受伤害者提供力所能及的帮助,Separate the victim from the energized circuit,将受伤害者和电路分离,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,WARNING,警告,CAUTION,注意,The following slides provide information associated with potentially hazardous situations which,if not avoided,could result in death or serious injury.,下面的幻灯片提供了关于潜在伤害的信息，如果不能避免将造成严重伤害或者死亡,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,Can the insulation meter cause injury or death?,绝缘表能造成伤害或死亡吗？,The meter is not a potentially lethal device.,仪表本身不是潜在的致命设备,The test unit,can cause injury or death,!,测试设备能够引起伤亡,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,WARNING:,Hazardous Voltage,警告：电压危险.,Disconnect All Electrical Power Including Remote Disconnects Before Servicing.Failure To Disconnect Power Before Servicing Could Result In Death Or Serious Injury.,维修前切断所有电源，包括远处的断路开关。否则可能造成严重的伤亡事故。,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,POTENTIAL ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE,潜在的电气放电,WARNING:,Hazardous Electrical Discharge.Terminal Studs Should Be Grounded To The Motor Frame After Testing Has Been Completed.Failure To Ground Terminal Studs Before Servicing Could Result In Death Or Serious Injury.,测试完成后放电端子应该同马达外壳一起接地，否则可能导致伤亡,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,CAUTION,:Potential Damage To the Motor Winding.Do Not Measure Motor Insulation Resistance On a Unit Under Vacuum.To Do So May Cause Serious Damage To The Motor Winding.,警告：对电机绕组潜在的伤害。禁止在设备真空下测量绝缘电阻，否则会引起对电机绕组的严重伤害。,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,CAUTION,:Potential damage to electronic components.Disconnect The Motor From The Solid State Starter Prior To Meg Testing The Motor.Failure To Do So may Cause Damage To The Electronics.,警告：对电子部件潜在的伤害。测试电机绝缘之前，断开软启动器，否则会造成对电子元件的损伤。,Disconnect Solid State Starter,断开软启动器,Safety Guidelines,安全指导,Fundamentals,基础,Electrical Insulation Test,电气绝缘测试,Why is necessary to test the insulation?,为什么要测绝缘？,Resistance value(quality),电阻值（质量）,Current flow leakage,漏电流,Deterioration and failure,老化损坏,Safety,安全,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,电气绝缘测试-基础,WARNING,Which units can be tested?,哪些设备？,Reciprocating(HCOM-SB-68),Helical Rotary(L61-SB-003),CenTraVac(CTV-SB-61),Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,电气绝缘测试-基础,When is necessary to test a motor?,什么时候有必要测试电机？,Upon Start Up,启动时,Motor replacement,马达更换时,Moisture contamination,潮湿,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,What instrument to use?,使用什么设备？,DC Meg-Ohm Tester!,直流兆欧表,Measures resistance in Meg-ohms(Millions of Ohms),用兆欧档测电阻,Range from 0 Ohms to infinity,范围0到无穷大,The value indicates the quality of the insulation,数值显示了绝缘的质量,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Why the DC Meg-Ohm Tester?,为什么使用直流兆欧表？,Provides a regulated voltage test,提供了可调电压测试,Non-destructive,没有破坏性,Allows to repeat measurement,允许重复测量,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Instrument Specifications,仪表规格,A 500 volt DC Meg-Ohm insulation tester is recommended,推荐使用500,v,直流兆欧表,U=500,(500),500U3000,=2500,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,How does the instrument work?,仪表工作原理,The meter outputs a high DC voltage across+and-terminals,仪表在正负端子上输出直流高电压,Because there is no perfect insulation,some current will flow,如果绝缘不好，就会有电流产生,With these two parameters and Ohms Law,it calculates the resistance,根据这两个参数用欧姆定律计算电阻,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Operation:Lead connections,操作：端子连接,Typically connections are made from circuitry to ground,典型的连接是电路和接地,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Operation:Energize the tester.,操作：给仪表加电,Turn the selector switch to the desired voltage,选择适宜的电压,Energize the tester by turning the hand crank,摇动手柄、加电,Cranking must continue until reading is complete,在读数完成之前持续摇动手柄,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,What type of Insulation Test can be done?,可以使用那些电气绝缘测试方法,One-Time Value/Comparison Curve,一次读数/比较曲线,Dielectric Absorption Ratio,吸收比,Polarization Index,极化指数,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,One-Time Value Comparison Curve,一次读数比较曲线,Provides a Meg-Ohm reading versus temperature and its acceptable limit,提供了兆欧读数-温度曲线和其允许限度,A value to the right of the curve is accepted,曲线右边可以接受,Reference:CTV-SB-61B,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Winding Temperature vs.Correction Factor,INSULATION,RESISTANCE,TEMP.COEFF.-,Kt 20 C,WINDING TEMP.C,-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100,0.1,R,20,C=R,t,x K,t,20 C,1.0,10.0,0.5,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Dielectric Absorption Ratio,吸收比,60/30 second ratio60/30,秒比率,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Dielectric Absorption Ratio,吸收比,Insulation Results-Table 1,测试结果表1,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Polarization Index,极化指数,Similar to Dielectric Absorption Ratio,类似于吸收比方法,10/1 minute ratio10/1,分钟比率,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Polarization Index,极化指数,10/1 minute ratio-Table 1 10/1,分钟比率表1,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,What factors contribute to low Ohms readings?:,造成低电阻读数的原因：,Type and amount of contaminates(moisture,acid,dirt),污染,Condition of the oil system,油系统状况,Cleanliness of the compressor terminal board,接线端子的清洁,Oils level in the compressor,压缩机油位,Condition of motor leads and insulation,电机抽头状况和绝缘,Temperature of motor winding,马达绕组温度,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,Caution:,Is the electrical insulation test a“High-Pot”Test?,Electrical Insulation Test-Fundamentals,CenTraVac motors,离心机电机,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,电气绝缘测试-离心机,High pressure CenTraVac,高压离心机,Low pressure CenTraVac,低压离心机,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,Guidelines:,指导,Avoid the use of Dielectric and Absorption Testing,避免使用吸收比测试方法,The,One-Time Testing,is the accepted field method,一次读数测试是推荐的现场测试方法,Do not high potential test the CenTraVac,不要在离心机上进行耐压测试,Under no circumstance should any voltage be applied to the motor while it is under vacuum,禁止真空加电压,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,One Time Test,Metal Oxide Varistor-,(voltage surge arrestor),KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,One Time Test,一次读数测试,Common value of a motor is above 50 Meg-Ohms,通常50兆欧,50,M,21,C/70 F,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,One Time Test,一次读数测试,At low readings run the motor 1/2 to 1 hour,读数低的情况下运行电机1/2到,1小时,4,M,50,M,21,C/70 F,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,One Time Test,一次读数测试,What if the Meg-Ohm value continues to drop?,如果读数继续下降怎么办？,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,One Time Test,一次测试,Log Sheets,数据记录,Disconnect the power leads from the motor.,Test each:phase to ground;and phase to phase.,T1 to EarthT4 to EarthT1 to T2T1 to T4,T2 to EarthT5 to EarthT1 to T3T2 to T5,T3 to EarthT6 to EarthT2 to T3T3 to T6,Electrical Insulation Test-CenTraVac,Helical Rotary motors,螺杆机电机,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,电气绝缘测试-螺杆机,One Time Test,一次读数测试,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,One Time Test,Readings above 2 Meg-Ohms are safe.2,兆欧是安全的,2,M,21,C/70 F,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,One Time Test,一次读数测试,If readings are below 2 Meg-Ohms evacuate the compressor down to 375 microns,如果读数低于2兆欧，抽空操作至375,microns,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,One Time Test,一次读数测试,If the test reading does not improve,如果读数还没提升,KEEP POWER,OFF,WARNING,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,One Time Test-Helical Rotary,一次读数测试-螺杆,Take an oil sample to determine moisture and acid,油分析,H,2,O,ACID,Electrical Insulation Test-Helical Rotary,Review,回顾,Electrical Insulation Test-Review,