英语阅读理解人生百味单元测试版附答案.doc

【英语】 阅读理解（人生百味）单元测试（word版附答案）经典

一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
    A wealthy man asked an old scholar to tell his son away from his bad habits. The scholar took the young man for a walk through a garden. Stopping suddenly, he told the boy to pull out a tiny plant growing there.
    The young man made it easily. The old man then asked him to pull out a little bigger plant. The young man pulled hard and the plant came out with its roots. “Now pull out that one,” said the old man, pointing to a little tree. The boy had to use all his strength to pull it out.
    “Now take this one out,” said the old man, pointing at a big orange tree. The young man held the trunk （树干） and tried to pull it out. But it would not move. “It's impossible”, said the boy, panting （喘息） with the effort.
    “So it is with bad habits,” said the old man. “When they are young, it is easy to pull them out. But when they go deeply, they cannot be uprooted.”
    The conversation with the old man changed the boy's life.
（1）The scholar asked the young man to take a walk with him in the__________.
A. forest                                 B. park                                 C. garden                                 D. school
（2）The scholar asked the young man to pull out plants for _____times.
A. four                                     B. two                                     C. three                                     D. five
（3）According to the passage, the scholar must be __________.
A. a stupid man                    B. a lazy man                    C. a wise man                    D. a funny man
（4）This passage mainly talks about___________.
A. we need exercise more to pull trees out
B. how to get away from bad habits
C. talking with a scholar is very important
D. the earlier getting away from bad habits, the better
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：一种富人祈求一位智者去除儿子坏习惯。智者把这个孩子带到了公园，规定这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是如此，当它们还不明显时候，去除它们很容易，不过当它们深深扎根时候，就难以去除了。智者这堂特殊课改掉了孩子坏习惯，变化了男孩毕生。
（1）C细节理解题。根据短文第一段中句子“The scholar took the young man for a walk through a garden.”可知，智者让青年人在花园里与他一起散步，故答案为C。
（2）A细节理解题。根据短文中出现句子to pull out a tiny plant ， to pull out a little bigger plant. Now pull out that one, said the old man, pointing to a little tree. “Now take this one out,” said the old man, pointing at a big orange tree.可知，智者规定这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物。故答案为A。
（3）C推理判断题。智者规定这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是如此，当它们还不明显时候，去除它们很容易，不过当它们深深扎根时候，就难以去除了。智者这堂特殊课改掉了孩子坏习惯，变化了男孩毕生，足以阐明智者聪颖之处，故答案选C。
（4）D主旨大意题。根据短文倒数第二段智者话：“So it is with bad habits,” said the old man. “When they are young, it is easy to pull them out. But when they go deeply, they cannot be uprooted.”可知，坏习惯要及早去除，越早远离坏习惯，越好。故答案为D。
【点评】主旨大意题（主题、标题）在阅读理解中常常会出现。第四小题适合用捕捉主旨大意来解题。所谓主旨大意，也就是文章中心思想，主题思想，中心观点，它常常针对文章主题，作者写作意图，文章段落中心思想进行提问，此类题也叫归纳概括题。文中智者用拔植物难易来类比坏习惯去除也是如此。当它们还不明显时候，去除它们很容易，不过当它们深深扎根时候，就难以去除了。也就是说越早远离坏习惯越好。答案为D。

2．阅读下列短文，从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

C
    In the old times, there was a king. He had a very beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a tree with golden apples on it. But one day, one of the apples was missing. The king decided to order a person to keep watching the tree at night.
    The king had three sons. He decided to send the eldest one to watch the tree. But in the middle of the night, the eldest son fell asleep. The next morning, another apple was missing.
    The second night, the king sent the second eldest son. But the second eldest son also fell asleep at midnight. And another apple was missing the next morning.
    The third night, the king sent his youngest son. The youngest son kept watching the tree. At twelve o'clock, he saw a bird. It was a golden bird. It picked an apple and flew away, but it left a golden feather. The youngest son picked it up, and the next morning, he took it to the king. He told his father what he had seen at night.
    Hearing this, the king was very happy. He ordered his youngest son to guard the tree every night. He wanted him to catch the bird. However, in the end, they couldn't catch the bird and all the golden apples on the tree were taken away by the golden bird.
（1）Before the third night, how many apples have been missing?

A. One                                    B. Two                                    C. Three                                    D. Four
（2）What can we know from Paragraph 4?

A. It was a bird that stole the apples.
B. The youngest son fell asleep at twelve o'clock.
C. The youngest son tried to catch the golden bird but failed.
D. The king asked the youngest son to bring the golden feather to him.
（3）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The king was very angry with the bird.
B. The youngest son was very busy every night.
C. The king wanted his youngest son to catch the bird.
D. The youngest son didn't catch the bird and lost all of the apples.
（4）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Don't be lazy when you are working.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Don't give up the whole forest because of one tree.
D. A bad beginning may cause a bad ending.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：国王发现自已金苹果树丢了个金苹果，于是派出了自已三个儿子去看守，前两晚由于两个儿子午夜睡着了，两个苹果丢了，第三晚，最小儿子发现了是一只金鸟偷了一种苹果，不过也留下了一根金色羽毛，国王获知后，他想抓住这只鸟，但成果是所有苹果都被鸟儿带走了。

（1）细节理解题。第三晚前总共丢失了三个苹果，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。从 It was a golden bird. It picked an apple and flew away可知苹果是金色鸟儿偷走，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。从in the end, they couldn't catch the bird and all the golden apples on the tree were taken away by the golden bird.可知选D。
（4）主旨概括题。国王由于想要金色鸟儿而丢失了树上所有苹果，得不尝试。故C“不要由于一棵树而放弃整个森林 ”。
【点评】考察对篇章把握和对细节识别能力，答题时注意紧紧围绕问题中关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．根据短文理解，选择对答案。

    I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives（ 观点 ） by creating worlds we could step into, take part in and live in.
    With this belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people's writing can one discover what works, what doesn't and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
    Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read books. Reading reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
（1）What can be inferred about the author as a child?

A. He never watched TV.                                      B. He found reading unbelievable.
C. He considered reading part of his life.           D. He read what he had to.
（2）The underlined word “voice” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.

A. a belief            B. a way of writing            C. a sound quality            D. a world to write about
（3）What effect does reading have on the author?

A. It opens up a wider world for him.                 B. It helps him to realize his dream.
C. It makes his college life more interesting.      D. It increases his interest in worldwide travel.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title of this text?

A. How do I read?           B. What do I read?           C. Why do I read?           D. When do I read?
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】作者从小时候就非常喜欢阅读，这个习惯也让他有了成为一名作家想法。而这一梦想反过来又愈加督促他去更多阅读，由于这样他才能体现自已思想。作者觉得阅读对于他来说是很重要。

（1）推理判断题。根据短文第一段中I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing可知，作者从小生活在一种很少开电视，却有诸多书家庭里，他童年大多数时候都是在读书中度过，他觉得读书就像呼吸同样自然。由此可知，作者觉得读书是他生活一部分。故应选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文中Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with.可知，作者想要成为一名作家，他觉得每个作家都是以阅读开始，这样他才能找到对方式去体现自已想法。因此这里voice指就是一种作家写作方式。故应选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据短文最终一段Reading reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime可知，阅读对于作者来说是非常重要，它可带着作者穿过海洋，沿着丝绸之路，去体验令人激动经历，这些经历也许在作者毕生中不会拥有。因此选项中A选项最符合文意，阅读给作者打开了更广阔世界。故选A
（4）主旨大意题。这篇短文简介是作者从小时候开始就非常喜欢阅读，这个爱好还让作者想要成为一名作家，而这个梦想反过来又让作者读得更多，到大学时候，作者意识到了阅读是多么重要。因此文章主题是作者为何阅读，不是怎样读、读什么或什么时候读。故应选C。
【点评】这篇短文简介了作者为何喜欢阅读，整篇短文内容不是很难理解，不过背面题目需要学生对文章主题有深层次理解才能做出来因此理解文章主题、理解作者写作意图是做题关键。例如第2小题，划线这个单词voice本意是声音，不过在文章里，它肯定不是这个意思。根据这一段意思可知，作者由于喜欢阅读而有了一种梦想，就是成为作家。而想要成为作家，要去体现自已思想，就需要更多去阅读，这样他才能找到自已写作方式。因此这里voice不是说出来声音，而是作家笔下写出来、能体现自已思想声音，也就是作家写作方式，因此应选B。

4．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
    As December comes to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You excitedly write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get lost in your busy life.
    Here's a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard to achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we have to do everything in big steps, even though it's so hard for us to reach it, said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we can't find any excuse not to do it.”
    “Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes. During World WarⅡ, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “Kaizen”, which means “improvement”.
    Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it. “Kaizen” could possibly help people succeed in doing everything.
（1）Robert Maurer wrote a book to tell us ______.
A. we should do everything in big steps             B. how to change one's life with one small step
C. we should try a lot of sudden changes          D. how to find a small step without any excuse
（2）The underlined part “increase productivity” in the passage means “______”.
A. 提高生产率                         B. 增长成本                         C. 增长出口量                         D. 提高待遇
（3）The writer of the passage suggests we should ______.
A. make changes at the end of the year             B. do few experiments with “Kaizen”
C. do things with hard to achieve goals             D. take a tiny step to achieve big goals
（4）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?
A. You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy.          B. Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful.
C. You can't find any excuse not to reach a big goal.          D. “Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World WarⅡ.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文重要讲述了应忘记太大、难以实现目，只想想小目，一步步地去实现它。
（1）B细节理解题。根据who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life（近来写了一本书《一小步可以变化你生活》）可知，故选B
（2）A细节理解题。根据by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes（通过尝试一种小、持续进步来替代忽然地变化）可知，选A
（3）D细节理解题。根据Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones（忘记太大、难以实现目，只想想小）可知，本题选D
（4）B细节理解题。根据Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it（莫勒学习了这个主意，然后做了某些试验）可知，本题选B
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清晰作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样论据进行怎样分析，最终得出了什么样结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致内容，就可以轻松确实定答案。

5．阅读理解

      I walked quickly out of my church. It was late. My dad was waiting. I stared at the parking lot. Then I saw my dad's little red Honda. “Get in! Get in! Why are you so late all the time?”
      The ride home was not much more than five minutes but each minute moved slowly. We were stuck behind an old man. He wasn't going more than 15 kilometers an hour. My dad started to shout, “Learn how to drive, Grandpa!” He hit the steering wheel（方向盘） with his hands. He was really angry.
      “Dad, stop it. Why do you always…?” He cut me off, “I'd not get stuck at the light without this fellow!” The old man got to the light just as it was changing. “You're free! Drive away quickly,” I thought. I looked over my dad. “Can you believe that, Steph? I get stuck at every light. There are so many stupid drivers out there, he said angrily.
      Who gives him the right to shout at someone? Anger built inside me. “What if I shouted at my friends when they asked me for help?” I said. I looked out of the window, trying to catch my breath.
      “You know, Steph, I think you are going to be a psychologist（心理学家）,” he said. I remembered the last time I tried to say something, he had fumed, “Don't tell me how to drive! If I want your opinion, I'll ask for it! Think about what you say before you talk.”
      Usually, he'd be angry that I would doubt his authority （权威）, but this time, he accept what I had said. A sense of pride rose up in me. It had been a short drive, but it had been the best car ride of my life.
（1）According to the passage, we could see the father was__________.  

A. impatient and bad-tempered                          B. generous and kind-hearted
C. polite and easy-going                                      D. rude and cold-blooded
（2）Why did Steph's dad drive slowly on the way home?  

A. Because there were too many traffic lights all the way.
B. Because there were too many cars on the way back.
C. Because there was something wrong with his car.
D. Because an old man before them drove very slowly.
（3）What does the sentence “Learn how to drive, Grandpa” mean in 2nd Paragraph mean _________.  

A. The old man can' t drive well.
B. The old man drove so slowly that he stopped Steph's father.
C. The old man didn't have a driver's license.
D. Steph's father wanted to teach the old man how to drive.
（4）The underlined word “fumed” in Paragraph 5 probably means “__________”.  

A. got angry                    B. got upset                    C. got excited                    D. got disappeared
（5）Why did a sense of pride rise up in Steph?  

A. Because he had doubled his father's authority.
B. Because his father accepted what he had said.
C. Because he was going to be a psy