现在完成时态.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,现在完成时态,一、,现在完成时的,构成,助动词,have(has,）,+,动词过去分词,二、,现在完成时的,句式结构,肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他.,否定句：主语+have,nt,/has,nt,+过去分词+其他.,疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他?,三、过去分词的构成,类型,原形,过去式,过去分词,cost,cost,cost,read,read,read,meet,met,met,catch,caught,caught,ride,rode,ridden,speak,spoke,spoken,keep,kept,kept,dr,i,nk,dr,a,nk,dr,u,nk,eat,ate,eaten,ABB,AAA,ABC,1.,表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。,四、现在完成时的用法,-It,s so dark.,-Someone,has turned,off the light.,(,有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是,:,现在很黑,),-Are you free?,-I,have finished,my homework.I am free,(,我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空,),常和副词,already,yet,never,ever,before,just,等连用,1).already&yet,already“,已经,”用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。,yet,用在疑问句中表“,已经,”，用在否定句中表“,还,”，常放在句末。,I have,already,watched the TV play.,我已经看过这部电视剧了。,-Have you found your lost pen,yet,?,-No,I haven,t found it,yet,.,2).just“,刚刚,”表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。,He has,just,come back from Beijing.,他刚从北京回来。,Have you,ever,been to Shanghai?,3).ever“,曾经,”用于疑问句或否定句中，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。,5).before“,以前,”指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。,I haven,t heard of it before.,4).never“,从不,”常放在助动词与过去分词之间。,I have,never,been to the Great Wall.,2.,表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今,(v.,必须是延续性动词,),，还可能继续下去。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语从句连用。,She,has lived here,since,she was born,.,自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。,I have learnt English,for more than ten years.,我已经学了,10,多年的英语。,since+表示过去的时间点；,since+一段时间+ago;,since+从句（一般过去时）,“,自,以来,”,Mr.Wang,has,worked,here,since,1984.,自1984年以来，王老师就在这里工作。,for+一段时间；,“,长达,”,so far,注,1):since,也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”,;,另外,since,前也可加上,ever,以加强语气,.,Eg,：,I have been here(ever)since.,I have been here(ever)since I graduated in 2000.,注,2,):,对,for,或,since,引导的时间状语提问 必须用,how long,决不能用,when.,Eg,.I have lived here,for 10 years,.,How long,have you lived here?,She has stood here,since 2 hour ago,.,How long,has she stood here?,3,.,表示,人,曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历。,I have,never,had a car.,我从未有过汽车。,Have you,ever,been to the Summer Palace?,你去过颐和园吗？,用于现在完成时的句型：,It is the,first/second,time that+,定语从句,(,现在完成时,),2.This/That/It is the+,adj.,最高级,+n.+that,定语从句,(,现在完成时,),It is the first time that I,have visited,the city.,It is the third time that the boy,has been,late.,This is the best film that I,have(ever)seen,.,This is the best tea that I,have(ever)drunk,.,五、短暂性动词与延续性动词之间的转换,短暂性动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结束，,所以与,for,和,since,引导的时间状语连用的肯定句,、,疑问句中,不能用连续性动词,（在否定句中可以），以下两种方式可以解决此问题,:,I haven,t bought the bike for a year.,我买这辆自行车还不到一年。,She hasn,t come here for an hour.,她来这儿还没有一个小时。,1.,常用相应的,延续性动词,have,，,keep,或,短语,“,be+,名词（形容词、位置副词、介词短语）,”,来代替短暂性动词。,巧记,10,个常用短暂性动词,开始离去（,begin,leave,go,）,借来还（,borrow,come,return,），,出生入死（,join,die),，,买到家（,buy,arrive),。,become,be,begin,be on,borrow,keep,buy ,have,come(go,arrive,get),be here/there/in,die,be,dead,join,be in,（,be a member of,）,leave,be away(from),return,be back,finish,be over,下一页,上一页,主菜单,2.,也可以仍用原短暂性动词，用句型,:,It is+,一段时间,+since,从句,(,一般过去时,).,=,一段时间,+has passed+since,从句,(,一般过去时,).,=,一般过去时,+,一段时间,+ago.,上一页,下一页,主菜单,1.,电影开始五分钟了。,The film,has been on,for five minutes.,It is,five minutes,since,the film,began.,Five minutes,has passed,since the film began.,The film began,five minutes ago,.,2.,他入党五年了。,He has,been in,the Party for five years.,It is,five years,since,he joined the Party.,Five years,has passed,since he joined the Party.,He joined the Party,five years ago.,六、,have been to,与,have gone to,have been to,意思是,“,到过，去过,”,表示曾经去过某处，但现在已经回来。,（常与,twice,several times,ever,never,连用）。,Has she ever been to Nanjing?,她曾经去过南京吗？,have gone to,意思是,“,去了,”,，,表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已到达。,-Where is she?,-She has gone to Nanjing.,她已经去南京了。,have been in,意思是,“,呆在某处一段时间了,”,七、,与一般过去时的用法比较,上一页,下一页,主菜单,现在完成时,一般过去时,用法,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的状况,表示过去的某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关,时间状语,already,，,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,for,yesterday,last week,just now,in 2012,two years ago,谓语动词,与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词,没有限制,He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他已经买了一本英汉字典。,He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他曾买过一本英汉字典。,上一页,下一页,第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：,“,He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it,”,“,过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典,”,。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。,主菜单,现在完成时练习题,I have already finished my homework.(,改为一般疑问句,),_ you _ your homework_?,She has already seen the film.(,改为否定句,),_ _ seen the film _.,My sister has learnt English,for more than 12 years,.(,对划线部分提问,),_ _ has _ sister _ English?,4.Laura has never been to Hong Kong.(,改为反义疑问句,),Laura has never been to Hong Kong,_ _?,5.,这是我见到的最大的城市。,This is the biggest city that I _ ever _.,句型转换,Have,finished,yet,She,hasnt,yet,How,long,your,learnt,have,she,have,seen,Revision for,现在完成时态,1)She _,just,_ back from town.,她刚从城里回来。）,_ you,ever,_ Paris,？,（你去过巴黎吗？）,3)-Have you,_,(get),the plan ready,yet,？,-No,，,not yet,（,-,计划做好了吗？,-,还没做好。）,4)I_,never,_ of anything like that,（我从来没听说过这样的事。）,5)He _,already,_ his exercises,（他已经完成了他的练习。）,has,come,Have,been to,got,have,heard,has,finished,动 词 填 空：,1._ you already_(clean)the room?,Yes,we _(do)that,already,.,When _ you _(do)it?,We _(do)it,an hour ago,.,2._ he _(see)this film,yet,?Yes.,When _ he _(see)it?,He _ it,last week,.,3._you ever _(be)there,many times,?,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,Have,been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,4.I _(read)the novel,twice,.Its interesting.,5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt,she?Yes.,6.,How _ she _(go)there,yesterda,y?,She _(go)there by air.,7.,So far,many countries _(develop),their software programs.,8.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking,last year,.,9.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking,since last year,.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,下一页,上一页,主菜单,have developed,gave,has given,选用,for,和,since,填空,:,1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.,2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.,3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.,4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.,5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.,6.Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,下一页,主菜单,B),试做下列练习（用,for,或,since,填空）,1.He has lived in Nanjing _ two years ago.,2.Ive known him _ we were children.,3.Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.,4.She has been away from the city _ about ten years.,5.Its about ten years _ she left the city.,since,since,since,for,for,改 错,1.The film has,began,for,10,minutes,.,.,2.I have borrowed this book for two weeks.,3.Kitty has bought a book since last week.,4.Our manager isn,t in today.He has been to Guangzhou.,been on,kept,gone,had,1.,W,here is Jim?He,Wuhan.,2.My parents,the Great Wall twice.They like there very much.,you ever,the Happy,V,alley?,How long,Peter,the West Hill farm?,My sister,the shop.She will be back in two hours.,She,Shanghai.She isnt here.,She,Shanghai.She is here.,She,Shanghai for two years,.,has gone to,have been to,Have,been to,has,been in,has gone to,has gone to,has been to,has been in,has gone to,/have been to/have been in,训练：,(A),用,already,，,yet,或,still,填空。,1.The old man is _ living.,2.He wears that old coat _.,3.I have not _ heard from him.,4.Have your parents come back _?,5.If he hasnt seen the film _,I may give him a ticket.,6.I have not heard the story_.,7.He has _ turned on the light.,8.They are _ here.,still,still,yet,yet,yet,yet,already,still,1.,my dictionary?,Yes.I saw it on your desk a moment ago.,A.Have you seen B.Do you seen,C.Had you seen D.Would you seen,2.,Have you even been anywhere for a trip?,A trip?I,away from my hometown even once.,A.went B.have gone,C.have never been D.have been,3.Many new railways _ in the past few years.,A.has been built B.have been built,C.have been build D.has building,4.,have you been here?,3 year.,A.How often B.How long,C.How far D.How,5.Because of the busy traffic,the plane,when he arrives.,A.has landed B.has taken off,C.landed D.took off,6.Marine visited his aunt two day before he,town.,A.left B.has left,C.will leave D.leaves,7.Mary has been a league member,three years.,A.for B.since C.in D.on,8.,Tom,can you tell me where Jack is?,He,to the library.,A.has gone B.had gone,C.has been,9.Kate,shanghai for more than three months.,A.came to B.has been to,C.has been in D.has come to,10.,May I go to play tennis with you,Dad?,you,your composition yet?,A.Are,finishing B.Did,finish,C.Will,finish D.Have,finished,11.Her mother,for two years.,A.has died B.died,C.has been died D.has been dead,12.They,each other for at least two months.,A.havent seen B.have seen,C.havent been seen D.didnt see,13.I,to see my childhood friends in the summer vacation.,A.went back B.shall go back,C.have gone back D.have been back,14.He,a great deal since he joined the army.,A.learn B.learned,C.has learned D.is learning,15.Mr.Huang,to Kunming.Hell come back in two weeks.,A.goes B.went,C.has gone D.Go,16.,How long may I,the book?,For tow weeks.,A.borrow B.lend,C.keep D.buy,17.It,ten years since we last,in Beijing.,A.was,met B.had been,meet,C.was,meet D.is,met,18.Youll answer for what you,.,A.will do B.have done,C.had done D.do,19.He,Tokyo for two weeks.,A.has left B.has been away from,C.has been away,20.She,Robert one year ago.,A.married B.married with,C.has got married to D.has been married to,21.I,the bad cold for a week and still cant get rid of it.,A.caught B.have caught,C.had caught D.have had,22.,have you been here?,For a month.,A.How often B.How far,C.How long D.How soon,23.,Is that Jack speaking?,Sorry,he isnt in right now.,He,the cinema with his aunt.,A.has been to B.has gone to,C.have been to D.have gone to,训练,用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。,1.Mary _(lose)her pen yesterday._ you _(see)it here and there?,2._ you _(find)your watch yet?,3.-Are you thirsty?,-NO,I _ just _(have)some orange.,4.We _already _(return)the book.,5._ they _(build)a new school in the village?,6.-Has Tom taught you English?,-Yes,he _(teach)us English for two years.,7.I _(not finish)my homework yet.Can you help me?,8.What _ they _(do)with the newspaper?They have read them.,9.-The door is open.Who _(open)it?Do you know?,-Sorry,I dont know.,10.My father _(read)the novel twice.,1.Wu Dong _(be)a soldier for one year.,2.The students _(study)in the middle school since last month.,3.How long _ you _(know)him?,4.Mike _(make)quite a few friends since he came to China.,5.I _(give)my friend a nice book recently.,6.Li Ping and Wu Dong _(see)the old man three times.,7._ she ever _(teach)you English?,8.These children _(stay)in the park for two hours.,Thank you for listening!,