动名词的逻辑主语.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动名词（doing;being done）,动名词是非谓动词的一种形式。它在形式上与现在分词相同，是由动词变化而成的，保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，动名词已经将动作名词化了，已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了，动作意义很弱，比较抽象。其实就是名词。,1.做主语,Climbing up the mountain will make you tired.,Being laughed at in public made him angry.,注意：动名词作主语时，也常用It is 和There is 两种句型。,常用于It is后面的词有：no good,no use,useless,a waste,worthwhile,dangerous等等。,句型There is往往用于说明不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情发生或存在。类似一种建议、命令等。例如：,It is no use waiting for him any longer.,等他是没有用的。,It is no good learning without practice.,学而不实践是没好处的。,It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light.,用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。,There is no joking about such matters.,这种事开不得玩笑。,There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded.,不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。,2.作宾语,She hates speaking in the public.,Stop talking please.,3.作表语,My job is looking after babies.,其次，正由于动名词在某种意义上相当于名词、代词，所以它前面也可有名词的所有格形式或是物主代词的所有格作修饰语。例如：,Would you mind my smoking here?,您介意我在这儿吸烟吗？,We extended a warm welcome to Mr.Rieders coming to our party.,而不定式作主语的动作意义较强，多指要是去做某事，这种动作往往是要发生的一次性动作,比较具体。,动名词的逻辑主语,例1 What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.A.his not allowing B.his not being allowed,C.his being not allowed,D.having not been allowed,例2.How about the two of us _(take)a walk?,解题思路句子缺少表语，应用动名词短语来充当，his是动名词的逻辑主语，动作是被动的，所以最后答案是B。,解题思路 how about后接动词的ing 形式，the two of us 实际上是动名词的逻辑主语。,I appreciate,your/me/Tom/Toms,coming to see me.,Toms,/,My,helping her moved her deeply.,The noise of,desks,being opened and closed could be heard out in the street.,结论：无生命名词只能用普通格(名词原形)；句首用形容词性物主代词(my,his)或名词所有格(s)，不用名词宾格。非谓语动词的否定形式not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前,5.It is difficult to imagine his_the decision without any consideration.(06陕西),accept B.accepting,C.to accept D.accepted,B,4.作定语(表用途),a swimming pool 游泳池,(the pool for swimming),reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖,opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器,waiting room 候车室,注意：有些及物动词后也是既可用动名词作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语，但是两种结构在意义上存在一定的差别：-在like,love,hate,prefer等词后，若表示强调某种爱好、一般性的倾向，需用动名词作宾语；如指某次将发生的具体行为，则多用不定式作宾语。例如：,She likes dancing more than singing.,她喜欢跳舞胜过唱歌。,She likes to go dancing with her colleagues this weekend.,这个周末她想和同事一块儿去跳舞。,Men often hate going window-shopping.男人通常不爱逛商店。,Davis hates to talk about that topic at next meeting.,戴维斯不想在下次会议上谈那个话题。,She prefers swimming to running.她喜欢游泳而不喜欢跑步。,She prefers to go swimming this afternoon.今天下午她要去游泳。,-在remember,forget,regret后面，接动名词表示已发生过的动作；接不定式表示现在发生或将要发生的动作。例如：,I remember having posted the letter today.,我记得今天把那封信发出去了。,Ill remember to post the letter for you.我会记得帮你将信发出去的。,I regret not telling her the truth before she left.,我后悔在她离开前告诉她实情。,I regret to say I am not prepared well enough for the new post.,很遗憾地说，我还没有为新的职位作好充分的准备。,-stop后接动名词表示要开始动名词表示的动作，而后接不定式则表示终止不式表示的动作,；try后接动名词表示试着干某事，而后接不定式则表示尽力干某事。例如：,Stop talking please.(终止讲话的动作)请不要讲话了。,Lets stop to take a break.（开始休息的动作）,让我们停下来休息一会儿。,The boy tried installing his computer and succeed at,last.（试着安装）那个男孩试着安装他的电脑，最后成功了。,Ill try to finish the composition of the book by,October.（尽力完成）我要尽力在十月以前完成这本书的写作。,being+过去分词是动名词被动式的一般形式；,People hate being praised for nothing.人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬。,The problem is far from being solved.这问题远没得到解决。,His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.,他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。,She didnt mind being left alone at home.她不介意被一人留在家里。,want（需要）,need（需要）,deserve（值得）,require（需要）等词后，我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思。例如：,Your car needs filling.你这车要充气了。,This city deserves visiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。,The problem requires studying carefully.这个问题需要认真研究。,The trees want watering.这些树需要浇水了。,