宾语从句中考复习.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,中考总复习系列之,单位：尼二中 曹艳萍,宾语从句,一,.,定义,简单的说,宾语,从句就是一个或是几,个从句充当主句中的,宾语成分,。,Can you tell me which class you are in?Do you know what kind of person she is?,She,asked me if she could borrow these books.,Please tell me which book I should read first.,You may ask the man over there how you can,get to the bus stop,二,.,宾语从句中应该注意的一些情况,1.,引导词,由陈述句变来的宾语从句,，用连词,that,等引导，并且在口语中常常省略此词：,e.g,He said,（,that,）,he had a new dictionary.,I know,(that)Lucy can play football very well.,但是，如果,that,引导,的是,几个表示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个,th,at,不,能省略。,e.g,I know(that)Tom comes from France and that he teaches in a middle school in Guilin now,.,由一般疑问句转换而来的宾,语,从句，用,whether,或,if,引导，并且两词可以互用。,但是,whether,可以和,or,not,连用，而,if,不能。,e.g,I want to know whether(if)she still lives,there.,Please tell me whether you ca,n,c,ome or not.,由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从,句,，由特殊疑问词,who,whom,whose,which,when,where,why,how,等,引导。,e.g,I dont know whose book it is.,Do you know where our English teacher,lives?,The teacher asked what was happening.,He wanted to know why you can play the,piano so well,.,2.,语句的顺序,无论主句,是陈述句,还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句,的语序，,即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的,顺序。,e.g,Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum?,He,ask,ed him where he came from.,Did,you,k,n,ow whats the name of the handsome b,oy,in,t,he classroom yesterday,？,Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower.,3.,时态的变化,.,当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何,一种时态。,e.g,Tom has been to Guilin twice.,she will come tomorrow.,I hear(that),Jim went to work an hour ago.,he is interested in English,.,当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用,相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的,相互一致。,e.g,he would go to Xian.,he was ill yesterday.,He said(that),he,was reading,a book.,he had had supper already,.,当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。,e.g,He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon.,The teacher told the students that no news is good news.,We should know what he said is only the truth.,I know that he is an,exellent,student.,The PE teacher said th,at doin,g morning exercise is useful to our heal,th,.,4.,标点符号,宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句,是陈,述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句,时，句,末则用问号。,e.g,He asked me if/whether I could help him.,Please tell me which,colour,you like best.,Do you know where Li Ping is?,Could you tell me how to go the No.28 Middle School?,Would you please tell the teacher how old you are,?,5.,宾语从句的否定形式,一般而言，宾语从句的否定式,与一,般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动,词是,think,expect,believe,guess,im,agin,e,suppose,等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，,一般,要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。,e.g,I dont think its going to rain.,I dont believe she will lend you the money.,.,6.,宾语从句中的特殊情形,在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千,万要,注意：,句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“,ask,sb,.to do,sth,.”,的句式。,e.g,Dont open the door.,（用,th,ey,作主语变为宾语从句）,They ask not to open t,he door,.,代词的变化：如果将某人,的原话变为,宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑代词的,变化。,e.g,“I come from,Canada”,Lucy,says.,Luc,y says,that,she comes,from Canada,.,若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是,does,或,did,时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为,第三人称单,数形式或过去式；当是其它的助动词时，,则要把这些,助动词放在主语的后面。,e.g,I asked Tom,“What do,you like,best?”,I asked Tom what he,liked best.,The teacher asked me:,“Have you,read the book?”,The teacher asked me if I,have read the,book.,He asked,“Who can,carry the box?”,He asked who could,carry the box,.,三、宾语从句转化为简单句,1.,当主从句的主语一致时：,1,)I dont know what I shall do next.,I dont know what to do next.,2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy.,John didnt decide which shirt to buy.,2.,当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：,1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station?,Can you tell me how to get to the police station?,2)Please show me how I should start the recorder.,Please show me how to start the recorder.,四,.,专项练习,1,、,Do you know how much hot water,?,A,Mum is neededB,does Mum need,C,Mum needsD,did Mum need,2,、,Can you tell me,?,A,where he is,B,where is he,C,he is whereD,what is he,3,、,I didnt know how,to London?,A,would they goB,are they going,C,they would goD,they are going,4,、,I want to know how long,A,has he been backB,has he come back,C,he has been backD,he has come back,5,、,Do you know,?,A,what the news areB,what is the news,C,what the news is D,what are the news,C,A,C,C,C,6.-is true that she may fall behind the others.,A.There,B.This,C.That,D.It,7.The foreign friends think-the Chinese people are very friendly.,A.that,B.if,C,.,since,D.because,8.Id like to know-Chinese.,A.when,he began to learn,B.when,did he begin to learn,C.when,did he begin learning,D.for,how long he began to learn,9.The teacher asked us-the classroom after school.,A.cleaned,B.clean,C.to,clean,D.cleans,D,A,A,C,二、将下列句子改为同义句，每空一词。,10.Could you tell me how to get to the shop?,Could you tell me,get to the shop,11.Can you tell me when I should water the flowers?,Can you tell me,water the flowers?,12.I decided that I would visit,Mr,Black.,I decided,Mr,Black.,13.He said,“Did you see him last night,？”,He asked me,him last night.,14.He asked me,“where do you come from?”,He asked me where,from.,15.I asked her,“what have you done with the milk?”,I asked her what,done with the milk.,how I can,when to,to visit,If/whether I saw,I came,she had,Goodbye!,