中国药科大学中药学专业英语课件何首乌.ppt

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Origins,Plant Morphology,Collection and Preparation,Production and Commerce,Description,Microscopical,Characters,Chemical Constituents,Physical and Chemical Identification,Pharmacology,Action,Indication,Main contents,Heshouwu,was first recorded in,Kai Bao Ben Cao,and it literally means a man whose surname is,He,with black hair.A legend says that Heshouwu was the grandson of a man who at age 58 had not been able to,father,a child.A monk advised him to eat the herb he gathered on the mountain.Because of taking the herb constantly,not only did he father several children as a result,but his hair turned from grey to black and his body became stronger and more youthful.He lived to be 160,still with black hair,and his child lived to be 130.From that time on,this herb has been used to strengthen the body and nourish vital essence.,Origins,It is the dried root tuber of,Polygonum multiflorum,Thunb.,family Polygonaceae.,Collection and Preparation,The drug is collected in autumn,washed clean,removed from two ends,the large one being sometimes halved or cut into pieces,and then dried.,Production and Commerce,The drug is mainly produced in Henan,Hubei,Guangxi,Guangdong,Guizhou,Sichuan and Jiangsu.It is sold at home and abroad.,In a mass or irregular fusiform.6,15 cm long.4,12cm in diameter.Externally,reddish-brown,shrunken and uneven.shallowly grooved,with,transverse elongated lenticels,and fine rootlet scars.,Texture,heavy,compact,uneasily broken,fracture,pale yellowish-brown or reddish-brown,starchy,bark exhibiting 4,11 subrounded rings of,abnormal vascular bundles,.forming,brocaded patterns,wood in central part,relatively large,some having a woody core.Odourless;taste bitterish,sweetish and astringent.,Description,starchy,：粉性的,viscous,：粘性的,horny,：角质样,lenticel-like protrusions,：皮孔样凸起,横断面：,transverse elongated,横切面：,transverse section,纵切面：,longitudinal section,Transverse section,:,Cork,consisting of,several layers of cells,filled with brown contents.,Phloem,relatively broad,scattered with 4,11 subrounded abnormal vascular bundles of,collateral type,vessels rare in the bundles.In the central part of a root cambium in a ring;vessels in,xylem,less.,Parenchymatous,cells containing,starch granules,.And,clusters of calcium oxalate,10,160 m in diameter.,Microscopical Characters,abnormal vascular bundles,cambium,xylem,cork,phloem,Transverse section,木栓层,韧皮部,异型维管束,木质部,形成层,Powder,pitted vessel,：纹孔导管,reticulated vessel,：网纹导管,scalariform vessel:,梯纹导管,spiral vessel,：螺纹导管,clusters of calcium,oxalate,brown cells,cork cells,vessels,xylem fibre,brown masses,starch granules,emodin,physcione,2,，,3,，,5,，,4-tetrahydroxystilbene,-2-O-D-glucoside,lecithin,Chemical Constituents,di-,二,tri-,三,tetra-,四,penta-;quinque,五,hydroxy-:,羟基的,Anthraquinone,（,1,）取粉末约,0.1g,，加,10,氢氧化钠溶液,10ml,，煮沸,3,分钟，冷后滤过。取滤液，加盐酸使成酸性，再加等量乙醚，振摇，乙醚层应显黄色。分取乙醚液,4ml,，加氨试液,2ml,，振摇，氨试液层显红色。,（,2,）取粉末约,0.2g,，加乙醇,5ml,，热回流提取,5,分钟，趁热过滤，放冷。取滤液,2,滴，置蒸发皿中蒸干，趁热加三氯化锑的氯仿饱和溶液,1,滴，显红棕色至紫红色。,Physical and chemical Identification,Thin Layer Chromatography,A,B,1,2,2,，,3,，,5,，,4-tetrahydroxystilbene,-2-O-D-glucoside,physcione,emodin,High Performance,Liquid Chromatography,2,，,3,，,5,，,4-tetrahydroxystilbene,-2-O-D-glucoside,Tonifying,effect:,强壮作用,Purgative effect:,泻下作用,Cholesterol level-lowering and atherosclerosis relieving effects.,降低胆固醇及减轻动脉粥样硬化的作用。,Pharmacology,Action,Crude herb:,To counteract toxicity,to cure carbuncles,and to relax bowels.,生首乌：解毒、消痈、润肠通便。,Prepared herb(,Radix,Polygoni,Multiflori,Preparata,):,To invigorate the,liver,and the,kidney,to replenish vital essence and blood,to blacken the hair,and to strengthen the tendon and bones.,制首乌：能补肝肾、益精血、乌须发、壮筋骨。,Indication,Crude herb:,Constipation,carbuncles,hyperlipemia,and tuberculosis of lymphatic glands.,Prepared herb(,Radix,Polygoni,Multiflori,Preparata,):,Dizziness and tinnitus,premature,greying,at the hair and beard,soreness and weakness of the loins and the knees,numbness of the extremities,neurasthenia and,hyperlipemia,.,