48个国际音标对应的字母组合.doc

48个国际音标对应的字母组合
1 元音:
1) [i:] 字母组合:①ee ②ea ③e ④ie \ei
①ee: three[θri:]（三） tree [tri:]（树） green [ɡri:n]（绿色）
sheep [ʃi:p]（绵羊） meet [mi:t] （遇见、会见）
②ea: eat [i:t] (吃、吃饭) tea [ti:]（茶、茶叶） meat [mi:t]（肉、肉食）
please [pli:z]（请、使高兴） teacher [,ti:tʃə]（老师）
③e: he [hi:, i] (他) she [ʃi:, ʃi]（她） me [mi:, mi]（我，宾格）
be[bi:, bi]( [be v-ing]构成进行式)
④ie\ei: piece [pi:s]（片, 块）receive [ri，si:v]（收到, 接到）
ceiling .[，si:liŋ] (天花板, 顶棚)

2) [i] 发音字母:①i ②y ③e
①i : sit [sit] ((使)坐) it [it] (它) is .[iz;z;s] (是)
six .[siks] (六;六个(人或物)) pig [piɡ] (猪) big.[biɡ]( 大的)
②y : any [,eni]( 一点, 一些) dictionary [‘dikʃənəri]( 词典, 字典)
twenty .[‘twenti:, ,twʌn ti:] (二十;20) myth .[miθ]( 神话)
happy [‘hæpi]( 愉快的, 高兴的) many [‘meni]( 许多, 多的)
③e : defect .[di,fekt]( 缺点, 过失) decide .[di,said] (下决心; (使)决定)
delicious .[di’liʃəs]( 美味的, 可口的)
3) [æ] 发音字母: a
a : bag .[bæɡ] (袋, 包) hand .[hænd] (手) and .[ænd, ənd]( 和, 与)
happy .[,hæpi] (愉快的, 高兴的) black .[blæk] (黑色的, 黑暗的)
4) [e] 字母组合: ①ea ②e ③a
①ea : head .[hed]( 头部 ) bread .[bred]( 面包 )
breakfast .[，brekfəst]（早餐） weather .[，weðə]（天气）
②e : desk .[desk]（书桌, 办公桌） bed .[bed]（床, 床位）
lesson .[，lesən] （功课, 课） better .[，betə]（更好的）
③a : any [,eni]( 一点, 一些) many [,meni]( 许多, 多的)
5) [ə:] 字母组合: ①ir ②ur ③ear ④er ⑤or
①ir ： girl .[ɡə:l] （女孩、少女） shirt .[ʃə:t]（衬衫、衬衣）
bird .[bə:d]（小鸟） first .[fə:st]( 第一, 最早, 首先)
②ur ： turn .[tə:n](翻转、旋转) burn .[bə:n]（燃烧）
murder .[，mə:də] （谋杀; 谋杀案）nurse
③ear ： learn earn earth heard early
④er ： term her serve
⑤or ： work worm word world worth
6) [ə] 字母组合: er or ou ur ar o a e u
er: teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder
or: doctor actor mayor author tractor
ou: delicious gracious
ur: pleasure Saturday
ar: familiar collar dollar
o: together tomorrow today lesson control polite
a: around account ago elephant banana china
e: policemen listen
u: famulus
7) [a:] 字母组合: ar a au al
ar: car farm card arm garden
a: fast class last glass plant
au: aunt
al: calm
8) [ʌ] 发音字母: u o ou oo
u : up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
o: come mother does brother love above
ou: trouble rough flourish
oo: blood flood
9) [ɔ:]字母组合: al or au our ar aw ough
al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
or: short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store
au: author caught autumn
our: four mourn court bought
ar: warm quarrel quarter
aw: draw saw flaw
ough: bought
10) [ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母: o a
o: hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not
a: want wash
11) [u:] 字母组合: oo o u
oo: food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth
o: shoe do two
u: true truth blue full
12) [u] 字母组合: oo ou u o
oo: look good foot book
ou: should could
u: put full bull pull push
o: women whose
13) [ei] 发音字母: a ay ea ai ey
a: name cake late gate plane April
ay: play say may way
ea: great break
ai: rain paint plain
ey: they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母: i y
i: bike fine find die nine light night high
y: my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合: ou ow
ou: house out flour ground sound loud around mouse
ow: flower down now cow how town
16) [əu] 发音字母: o ow oa
o: home cold go no phone host ghost
ow: know low below grow blow show flow
oa: boat coat goal
17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合:oy oi
oy: boy toy joy
oi: oil soil voice choice
18) [iə] 字母组合: eer, ea, ear, ea, ear, er, ier
eer: beer deer
ea: idea
ear: ear near
ere: here
er, ier: fierce
19) [eə] 字母组合: air ear are ere
air: pair chair air fair
ear: bear
are: care
ere: there where
20) [uə] tour poor

2 容易混淆的元音:
⑴[æ] [e]
①bad bed ②hand head ③man men ④land lend ⑤pan pen

⑵[i:] [ei]
①real rail ②greet great ③mean main ④read raid

⑶[e] [ai]
①bet bite ②red write ③said side ④head hide

⑷[au] [ɔ:]
①house horse ②loud lord ③south sauce ④cloud clause ⑤now nor

⑸[au] [ʌ]
①found fond ②down done ③gown gone ④town ton
3辅音:
1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push
2) [b] book big boot bike bread break
3) [t] two ten ton town twenty city
4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
5) [k]
发音字母k: king kite key look cook book kitchen sky
发音字母c: card cat cream correct climb come account accept
发音字母x: fox box oxygen x-ray [ks]
发音字母ch: school schedule schema
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language
7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb
8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
9) [ŋ]
n: uncle bank think thank junk
ng: English
ing: sing king morning evening
10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold could goal soul
11) [r] read red right run room write
12) [f]
f: five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife
gh: cough laugh rough
ph: physic photo phone
13) [v] very evening even every voice vest
14) [s]
发音字母s : six sit student same seat kiss miss case
发音字母c : license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate
发音字母ce: licence piece juice science lance space ace
15) [z]
z: zoo zebra zero zap
s: close nose hose suppose pause those whose
16) [θ] th: think thank three thirty tooth mouth
17) [ð] th: that this those these though
18) [ʃ] sh: sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash
ti: nation attention station
ci: social special
s: sure
19) [ʒ] s: pleasure
20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who
21) [w] when what where window wind wood
22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
23) [tʃ] ch: child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach
tch: catch watch match
24) [dʒ]
ge: age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
j: joy enjoy join July June junk
25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk
26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink
27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts
28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods
29)[kw] qu: quarrel quarter

4容易混淆的辅音:
⑴[v] [w]
①vest west ②vet wet ③vine wine ④very well

⑵[s] [θ]
①sink think ②mass math ③miss myth ④sort sought

⑶[z] [ð]
①close cloth ②breeze breathe

⑷[n] ŋ]
①thin thing ②sin sing ③ran rang ④ban bang ⑤win wing

5 字母，组合音节发音规律
1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:]
[ei]: ate grade bake grape nation station page
[æ]: active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
[ə]: accept about above formative machine cinema
[a:]: cast last glass class past father
[ɔ:]: wash what watch want
2）e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] ，不发音
[i:]: appreciate extremely secret she me he
[i]: decide pretty previous result restore
[e]: letter left message generate pebble
[ə]: problem prosperous student confident
不发音: active table late wife store lecture
3）i [ai] [i]
[ai]: high price library ice cream wife size line
[i]: fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit
4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]
[əu ]: lode host cold note okay old home
[u:]: lose do who whose prove
[ʌ]: love some other mother honey company
[ə]: today tomorrow together control collect
[ɔ]: lost hot mock office soft honest
5）u [ju:] [u] [ʌ] [ə]
[ju:]: university refuse unique universe huge
[u] : put push pull full bull
[ʌ]: but brush bucket duck bubble
[ə]: support suggest
6）c [k] [s]
[k]: country camp camera courage cable
[s]: city ceiling celebrate cell cease
7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]
[g]: girl grade glass glade bag flag
[dʒ]: (ge / g) village vegetable bridge gentleman gym
[ŋ ]: (ng / ing) long song sing morning evening
8) l [l] 读音不同:
[l]: listen learn language collect English gorilla
卷舌： world cold soil tall sell cool animal
9) n [n] [ŋ]
[n]: moon night noodle number
[ŋ]: uncle hungry angry young (ng)
10) r [r] [ [ ] (美语发音)
[r]: right read write grade progress
卷舌：card board door floor form north
11）y [ j ] [ i ] [ai]
[ j ]: yellow year yell young
[ i ]: university country pretty happy
[ai]: dying fly buy by my
12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]
[a:]: farm card garden mark
[ə]: dollar
[ɔ:]: warm quarrel quarter
13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]
[i:]: cease season breathe feature meat please
[e]: bread breast breath meadow weather
[ei]: great break
[iə]: idea realize
14) ear [ə:] [iə]
[ə:]: learn earth earn heard
[iə]: hear near clear ear fear
15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]
[ə:]: deserve serve her person
[ə]: teacher driver anger singer
[iə]: serious experience mysterious fierce
16）ere [iə] [εə]
[iə]: here mere fere sere
[εə]: there
17) ir [ə:] [ai]
[ə:]: shirt girl skirt
[ai]: admire desire
18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]
[u:]: room tool cool moon noon goof food
[u]: good foot stood wood wool cook wood book
[ʌ]: blood flood
[ɔ:]: door floor
19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]
[ɔ:]: short form corn born for
[ə:]: work world worm word worst
[ə]: tractor doctor actor sector senior senator
20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]
[ɔ:]: door floor
[uə]: moor poor boor
21) our [uə] [ɔ:]
[uə]: hour tour flour bourn lour
[ɔ:]: pour court four mourn
22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]
[au]: house mouth mouse sound found
[ʌ]: enough trouble touch
[ə]: delicious gracious prosperous
23) ow [əu] [au]
[əu]: window meadow know show low
[au]: now town how down cow
24) se [z] [s]
[z]: nose suppose gose lose pose rose
[s]: mouse house
25) th [θ] [ð]
[θ]: thank think thought cloth
[ð]: clothes that this then than
26) sion [ʃən] [ʒən]
[ʃən]: propulsion tension progression passion
[ʒən]: protrusion provision conclusion television
27) tion [ʃən] [tʃən](不常见)
[ʃən]: station nation translation attention
[tʃən]: question

6关于语音的几个概念:

音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.

音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.

元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.

辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.

开音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine

2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello

闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head

2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant