江苏省南通泰州七市2018-2019学年高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试卷(解析版).doc

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班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号

2019届江苏省南通泰州七市高三上学期
第一次调研考试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
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4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I卷（选择题）
一、单项选择
1．Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _____ to its original appearance.
A．restored B．delivered
C．transferred D．drafted
2．The village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and _____ the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up policy.
A．reviewed B．reviewing
C．to review D．being reviewed
3．—Ted has never been so rude!
—He ______something he shouldn’t have, but I guess he didn’t mean that.
A．has said B．had said
C．said D．was saying
4．Jack’s fellow workers often turn to him for help when trapped in trouble because he is a _____of ideas.
A．fountain B．session
C．diagram D．resource
5．The press should expand its influence in international public opinion to make China’s voice better ____in the world.
A．hearing B．to be heard
C．hear D．heard
6．Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, _____has been predicted, is fruitful.
A．what B．which
C．as D．that
7．Since the match is over, we can ____by travelling and stop thinking about basketball.
A．dive in B．switch off
C．pull out D．split up
8．To make a breakthrough in his scientific research, the scientist has been making a(n) _____amount of effort.
A．modest B．miserable
C．optional D．tremendous
9．—Kevin, time for the next destination!
—No hurry! Another 15 minutes and we _____ all the exhibition rooms of the museum.
A．am exploring B．have explored
C．will explore D．will have explored
10．If it had not been for the heroes’ contributions and sacrifices, we _____such a happy life.
A．wouldn’t have led B．wouldn’t be leading
C．haven’t led D．are not leading
11．The bus dropped me off and pulled away _____I realized I had left my bag on it.
A．while B．before
C．after D．since
12．If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.
A．in sympathy with B．in terms of
C．in honour of D．in contrast with
13．It was announced that only after the candidates’ papers were collected _____to leave the room.
A．had they been permitted B．would they be permitted
C．that they would be permitted D．that they had been permitted
14．—-What difference will it make _____we shall go to the concert on Tuesday or Saturday?
—They offer a discount on weekdays.
A．that B．when
C．if D．why
15．—What a mess! You’re always throwing things about.
—Don’t be ____, Mum. I will tidy it up now.
A．hot under the collar B．on cloud nine
C．off the top of your head D．down in the dumps
二、完形填空
When I was 13 years old, I stopped speaking. I’m still not exactly sure 16 一 I think I felt that words got me into trouble. The boys in my class were always 17 me, telling me to shut up. One day, I 18 into uncontrollable sobs behind the sports hall.
So throughout my 19 , I clammed up一dealing with the wider world only in whispers and shrugs. My
isolation(孤立）led to indescribable 20 that nothing could relieve. I couldn’t 21 or socialise. Then, at 15, a psychologist saw 22 in me—She said I was in intelligent but 23 , and needed to change schools for a fresh start.
My parents sent me to a different comprehensive. I knew no one and I had the chance to 24 myself. Cheered by the psychologist’s 25 in me, I worked hard and became a swot(刻苦学习的人).As a result, my parents were 26 . Finally at 20, I was referred to a psychiatrist and he diagnosed me with a mild form of autism(自闭症).It was such a(n) 27 to know what was happening that I cried on the bus on the way home.
It took a further five years to 28 again, a decision that was as much a surprise to me as it was to everyone else. I 29 myself hard, becoming more confident. Gradually, I 30 my speech. I definitely get more than usual pleasure from the use of 31 . It’s still such a fresh experience for me 32 different words—ones that can sound so complex, and carry so much 33 .
When I think of what I have 34 , I feel like crying, but I don’t 35 it up anymore. Instead, I enjoy talking about it.
16．A．when B．why C．how D．where
17．A．encouraging B．teasing C．ignoring D．praising
18．A．collapsed B．divided C．looked D．laughed
19．A．teens B．experiences C．education D．life
20．A．tiredness B．boredom C．loneliness D．guilt
21．A．wait B．sing C．mix D．move
22．A．potential B．weakness C．justice D．ambition
23．A．arbitrary B．innocent C．conventional D．insecure
24．A．entertain B．abandon C．comfort D．reinvent
25．A．interest B．faith C．investment D．patience
26．A．proud B．passive C．cautious D．curious
27．A．surprise B．embarrassment C．pity D．relief
28．A．complain B．connect C．study D．speak
29．A．struck B．drew N C．pushed D．rushed
30．A．put out B．built up C．looked through D．took down
31．A．language B．knowledge C．wisdom D．imagination
32．A．discovering B．underlining C．compiling D．creating
33．A．responsibility B．flexibility C．emotion D．depression
34．A．held on to B．looked forward to C．stayed away from D．missed out on
35．A．sum B．bottle C．think D．polish
三、阅读理解
Travelling with skiing or snowboarding equipment can be a bit of an effort, particularly if you’re swapping between buses, trains and planes. Take a simpler, more direct route to the four Alpine options on the Eurostar at London St. Pancras International or Ashford.
La Rosière
Sainte Foy
Great ski conditions aren’t a one-off here, thanks to
The slopes are quiet, the lift queues non-existent,
the resort’s high altitude and its mostly south-
and snowy forests and breathtaking mountain
facing and therefore sunny-slopes. It’s a family
views dominate(控制）your eyeline. This resort is
friendly resort and kids will enjoy skiing through
not a place to come if you like to party, but it’s a
the trees and tunnels on adventure trail.
great choice for those who want to progress on

wide, empty pistes.
Moûtiers
Tignes
It is a good resort for first-time skiers. Those new
It may not be the prettiest resort in the French Alps,
to the sport can book a holiday safe in the
but what it lacks in cuteness, it more than makes up
knowledge that they’re not stuck up a snowy
for in convenience, taking the concept of ski-in ski-
mountain if the sport isn’t for them. The town itself
out to a whole new level. Its high-quality snow
has a Museum of Popular Traditions.
conditions are all but guaranteed.
Need to know
You can take one pair of skis or one snowboard on board with you in addition to your standard adult
luggage allowance. For safety reasons, skis and snowboards have to be kept in a protective case that
covers the whole item.

There’s a travel class to suit every budget and style. Though the seats are roomy and comfortable, it’s
worth nothing there are no sleeper bunk beds. With free Wi-Fi for all, you can stay connected all the way.

36．If one is looking for a peaceful and crowd-free ski resort, he will probably choose_____.
A．La Rosière B．Sainte Foy
C．Moûtiers D．Tignes
37．From the passage, we can know that_________.
A．the Eurostar offers easy access to popular Alpine ski resorts.
B．there is no restriction on well-protected equipment on board.
C．travelers can have a good sleep on comfortable bunk beds on board
D．free Wi-Fi is provided on board for travellers who upgrade their travel class

When a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting a pedestrian crossing the road illegally, she is making a moral decision that shifts risk from the pedestrian to the people in the car. Self-driving cars might soon have to make such ethical (道德的)judgments on their own — but settling on a universal moral code for the vehicles could be a tough task, suggests a survey.
The largest ever survey of machine ethics, called the Moral Machine, laid out 13 possible situations in which someone’s death was unavoidable. Respondents were asked to choose who to spare in situations that involved a mix of variables: young or old, rich or poor, more people or fewer. Within 18 months, the online quiz had recorded 40 million decisions made by people from 233 countries and territories.
When the researchers analysed these answers, they found that the nations could be divided into three groups. One contains North America and several European nations where Christianity has been the dominant (占支配地位的)religion; another includes countries such as Japan, Indonesia and Pakistan, with strong Confucian or Islamic traditions. A third group consists of countries in Central and South America, such as Colombia and Brazil. The first group showed a stronger preference for sacrificing older lives to save younger ones than did the second group, for example.
The researchers also identified relationships between social and economic factors in a country. They found that people from relatively wealthy countries with strong institutions, such as Finland and Japan, more often chose to hit people who stepped into traffic illegally than did respondents in nations with weaker institutions, such as Nigeria or Pakistan.
People rarely face such moral dilemmas, and some cities question whether the possible situations posed in the online quiz are relevant to the ethical and practical questions surrounding driverless cars. But the researchers argue that the findings reveal cultural differences that governments and makers of self-driving cars must take into account if they want the vehicles to gain public acceptance.
At least Barbara Wege, who heads a group working on autonomous-vehicle ethics at Audi in Ingolstadt, Germany, says such studies are valuable. Wege argues that self-driving cars would cause fewer accidents, proportionally, than human drivers do each year—but that people might focus more on events involving robots.
Surveys such as the Moral Machine can help to begin public discussions about these unavoidable accidents that might develop trust. “We need to come up with a social consensus,” she says, “about which risks we are willing to take.”
38．Why is it difficult to set universal moral rules for programming self-driving cars?
A．Social values always change with the times.
B．Moral choices vary between different cultures.
C．Drivers have a preference for sacrificing the weak.
D．Car makers are faced with decisions of life or death.
39．The researchers conducted the study by_____.
A．using a massive online quiz worldwide
B．comparing different cultures and customs
C．dividing the respondents into three groups
D．performing a series of controlled experiments
40．According to the study, in which country are drivers more likely to hit a pedestrian crossing the road illegally?
A．Nigeria B．Colombia
C．Finland D．Indonesia
41．Barbara Wege would probably agree that _____.
A．Self-driving cars will greatly improve the traffic environment
B．Accidents caused by self-driving cars might receive more attention
C．Problems involving self-driving cars might shake the public trust in society
D．Car makers needn’t take the risk of solving self-driving car ethical dilemmas

Statistics often sounds like a dry subject, but sometimes it’s necessary to take a statistics course to get the correct answer to this problem. Take the following case for example: a football scout (球探）hears of a player who has powered his team to a good win-loss record. His coaches think he’s one of the most talented players they’ve seen. But the scout is unimpressed by the one practice game he sees him in; he tells his manager it’s not worth trying to recruit (录用）the player.
Most sports fans would think that was a pretty foolish decision, right? Athletic performance is much too variable to base an important judgment on such a small sample. But consider this problem: an employer gets an application from a junior executive (主管人员）with an excellent college record and strong references from his current employer. The employer interviews the applicant and is unimpressed. The employer tells his colleagues that it’s not worthwhile recruiting him.
Most people regard this as a reasonable sort of decision. But it isn’t. Countless studies show that the unstructured 30-minute interview is virtually worthless as a predictor of long-term performance by any criteria that have been examined.
In both cases, predictions based on references-school reports, prior performance, letters of recommendation-give a 65-75% chance of choosing the better of the two.
Why do we get the athletic problem right and the employment problem wrong? Because in the case of the job, unlike for athletic performance, we haven’t seen hundreds of candidates in interviews of a particular type and seen how well performance in the interview corresponds to ultimate (最终的）performance in the setting we’re concerned about. We haven’t seen that the guy who looks like a fool in the interview turns out to be clever on the job and the guy who does well in the interview turns out to be average. The only way to see that the interview isn’t going to be worth much is to be able to apply the “law of large numbers”，which assists the recognition that an interview represents a very small sample of behavior.
The bottom line: there’s safety in numbers. The more recommendations a person has, the more positive the outcome is likely to be for the employer. Consider the job interview: it’s not only a tiny sample, it’s not even a sample of job behavior but of something else entirely. Psychological theory and data show that we are incapable of treating the interview data as little more than unreliable gossip. It’s just too compelling (强迫性的）that we’ve learned a lot from those 30 minutes.
My recommendation is not to interview at all unless you’re going to develop an interview protocol (体系),with the help of a professional, which is based on careful analysis of what you are looking for in a job candidate. And then ask exactly the same questions of every candidate. It’s harder to develop such a protocol than you might guess. But it can really pay off.
42．The cases in the first two paragraphs are meant to_____.
A．illustrate the influence of fans
B．show the weaknesses of scouts
C．attach importance to interviews
D．introduce the topic of the passage
43．The author believes that ____.
A．the setting in the job interview is too artificial to be convincing
B．a successful candidate usually uses tricks to cover his real characters
C．a small sample is not enough to make a generalize