大学英语四级考试核心高频词汇突破详解.doc

Day 1
1. consumer n.消费者，用户，为producer反义词，consumer goods消费品
2. social adj.1)社交的；友谊的 ~skills 2)社会的 ~ status/ rank 3) 群居的 ~ animals
3. product n. sth. produced by nature or by man产品，生产物
4. likely adj.~ + to –inf; ~ that …很可能的he is not likely to succeed.
5. system n. 系统；（思想、理论、原则等的）体系a system of philosophy哲学体系
6. activity n.所做或待做的事情；活动
7. reward n. recompensate for service or merit 报酬；报答vt. ~ sb. (for sth)给报酬
You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
8. stress n. 1) pressure压力；压迫 2) lay (a) stress on注重
9. expert n. 专家an expert in economics
10. concern v. be concerned about/ for使担忧；使烦恼
as far as ... is concerned就某人而言
11. university n. 大学
12. individual n. 个人（与society相对）adj. 个人的
13. view n.1）视野，眼界2）personal opinion e.g. to have different/ conflicting/
opposing views 3)in view of鉴于，由于
14. opportunity n. 时机，机会（特殊的机会，含有期待的意味）chance多指偶然的机会，含有侥幸的意味在内
15. hunt vi hunt for 寻找
16. challenge n.挑战vt.向…挑战，对…质疑He challenged me to a game of chess.挑战
17. process n.进行，过程vt. 加工，处理
18. project n. 1）(plan for a) scheme or undertaking方案，计划 2）工程
19. amount n. 量 a large amount of money vi. amount to总计，等于
20. ability n.(potential) capacity or power能力
to the best of one’s ability尽自己最大努力
21. rate n. 1)比率birth rate出生率death rate死亡率2）速度at the rate of以…的速
度 3） at any rate无论如何，至少
22. radiation n.发射，放射，辐射
23. feature n.特征，特色2）特写，专题
24. February n. 二月
25. environment n. 环境，周围状况，自然环境
26. create vt.cause sth. to exist, make创造
27. crash v./n.坠落、打击或破裂a car crash汽车撞车事故；（贸易、财政等之）毁灭、崩溃 His business plan crashed.
28. advertise v. make known to people做广告，宣传
29.writer n.作者，作家
30. tend v. tend to倾向于，往往会，易于
31. status n.地位；身份status symbol身份标志
32. statute n.成文法；法规；条例by statute依据法规
33.reader n.读者 a meter reader（水、电表的）抄表员
34. per perp. 1) （比较两种数量或引述一种比率时）每一2）as per按照
35. local adj.地方的，本地的，当地的 n.当地人
36. highway n. 公路，大道
37. brand n. trademark商标 brand-new全新的
38. assume vt. 1）假定，认为 2）承担，就职He assumed the premiership in 2000.承担总理之职
39. physical adj.1）物质的，与moral/spiritual相对
2）身体的，肉体的，与mental相对
40. instant adj.1）立刻的2）速食的，即溶的
41. focus n. in /out of focus v. focus on（使）集中
42. fashion n. 1）a/ the fashion 样子，方式2）风尚，时髦
43. expand v.扩大，扩展 expand the operation扩大业务
44. effective adj. able to bring the result intended有效地，奏效的
45. decline v.1) continue to become smaller, weaker, lower下降，减少，衰退
2）辞谢，拒绝
46. benefit n.利益；益处；帮助 v. benefit from/ by得益于；自…获益
47. adult n.成人education for adults, adult education成人教育
Day 2
48. affect v. have an influence or impression on; act on影响
49. compete vi. take part in a race, contest, examination 竞争，比赛 to compete in a race
(against/ with others)
50. global adj.1）全球性的；2）总的 they have doubled their global output.总产量
51. policy n. （尤指政府、政党、公司）政策，方针2）保险单contract policy合同保险单
52. account n. 1）账目，账户open an account开户头2）take sth. into account, take account of sth.对某事物加以考虑 account for1）解释，说明2）占…比率
53. foundation n.1）建立，创造2）（思想）基础，根据
54. involve v.1) involve in使陷于（麻烦之中）；使卷入2）牵扯；包括 +动名词
55. lightning n.闪电 lightning-rod/conductor避雷针
56. technology n.技术，工艺，工程，方法computer technology, science and technology
57. leak n.1)漏洞；漏隙2）漏出的液体、气体v. leak (out) (to) the news has leaked out.
58. competition n. in competition with竞争
59. behavior n.行为，举止；品行
60. community n.社会，社区community singing大合唱
61. range n.范围；幅度；差距 a wide range of interests广泛的兴趣 vi.(在某范围内)变动，变化range from ...to...
62. maintain vt. 1) assert as true坚持；主张2）保养，维修
63. action n.take action开始行动Actions speak louder than words.行动胜过语言
64. obvious adj.显而易见的；清楚的；明白的it is obvious that ...
65. primarily adv. in the first place; essentially首先，主要地；及本地
66. appeal vi.1) appeal to sb for sth呼吁，恳求2）attract有吸引力，有感染力
67. detail n.细节，琐碎的事go/ enter into details; explain sth in detail详细说明
68. decade n.十年的期间
69. pollution n.弄脏；亵渎；污染environmental~/ air ~/ lead ~铅污染
70. advantage n.益处；便利；优点；（尤指竞争中的）优势take (full) ~of sth利用
71. culture n.1)文明，文化2）教养，教育a man of little culture没有教养的人
72. auto n. automobile汽车
73. autobiography n.自传
74. leader n. 领袖；领导者；指挥者
75. accordingly adv. 1）as the (stated) circumstances suggest照着，相应地2）因此，所以
76. plastic adj.易塑的 n.可塑物；塑胶
77. approve vi.~ of sth/ sb赞成；同意vt.赞成；批准 The senate approved the bill.参议院通过了这一法案。
78. performance n.成绩；表现2）戏剧的演出；展览；音乐演奏会
79. recognize vt.1)认出；认明（某人或某物）2）acknowledge公认；赏识
80. factor n. 因素an unknown factor未知的因素
81. enormous adj.极大的；巨大的；广大的~ economic advantages, ~amounts of information
82. avoid vt. keep or get away from; escape ~+v-ing
83. shift n.1）转换2）换班on the day/ night shift上白（夜）班 v.1)转移2）改变
84. source n. 来源；出处The news comes from a reliable source.
85. fulfill vt. 履行（工作，任务等）fulfil one’s duties/ expectations/ hopes尽职、满足期待、希望
86. moral adj.concerning principles of right and wrong道德上的
87. rank n.等级；阶层vi.把…分等级She ranked first in the class.名列前茅
88. replace vt. replace sth with 以…代替
89. complex adj.made up of closely connected parts, difficult to understand or explain由许多部分组成，复合的
Day 3
90. injure vt.伤害，损害
91. outcome n.结果；成果；结局
92. insurance n.保险，保险费
93. impression n.印象make an impression on
94. household adj.be a household name/ word家喻户晓的
95. claim vt./ vi.assert, say that sth is a fact声言，宣称He claimed to be the best tennis
player in the school.他声称是学校最好的网球手。
96. personality n. 1）个性
97. personnel n.1)职员；人员（尤指公职和军职人员）2）人事
98. employee n.受雇者；雇员
99. reserve n.1)储备（物）a ~ of food 2)自然保护区vt. 预定
100. approach v. come near to走进；接近n.1)渐进，接近2）方法，方式~ + to
101. capacity n.1)容量seating ~座位容量2）能力capacity to do sth. memory ~记忆能力
102. generally adv. 1)一般地；概括地generally speaking大致上说2）广泛地；普通地
103. automobile n.汽车
104. male n.男子；雄性动物adj.男性的，公（雄）的 a male tiger熊虎
105. regardless adj. ~of不管；不注意
106. contact n.接触；联系 be in/out of contact (with); contact lens(es) 隐型眼镜
vt. contact sb.与...接触;联系（直接跟人）
107. wealthy adj. 拥有大量财富的;富有的
108. estimate v. 评定;估计 calculate the cost, value, size
n.估算;价格 If possible, choose from three items or three estimates.
109. incident n.事件(比较不重要的小事件)
110. device n.1）装置;设备;器械 labor-saving device 2）手段，策略
111. error n. a mistake (in a calculation or a decision) 差错;错误 To err is human,
forgive is divine.（adj.神的, 神圣的）.犯错人皆难免,宽恕则属超凡。
112. private adj. 私人的;私用的;私有的
113. relationship n.=relation, connection 关系
114. recently adj. lately; not long ago
115. scale n.规模;相对的大小,程度 on a large/small scale大（小）规模地
vt. increase/decrease by a certain proportion （n.比例,部分 ） scale up/down增加（缩减）
116. union n.(1)联合;合并(2)工会;联盟 trade union European union欧盟
student union学生会
117.climate n.(1)气候 (2)风气;气氛
118. available adj.(指物)可用的;有效的;可获得的
119.criticism n.[u] comments that show that you think sth. is wrong or bad批评
120.diet n.(1)日常饮食(2)(病人或减肥者的)特种饮食;规定饮食 on a diet节食
121.civilian adj./ n.平民(的)
122.ground n.(pl) reasons理由;根据 on the grounds of 根据,以...为理由
123.liberal adj.开明的;大度的 the liberal arts文科
124.establish vt.(1)建立,设立 (2)确定 Newton conclusively established the law of gravity.（conclusive adj.确实的, 最后的, 决定性的）
125.indicate vt.指示,表示 He indicated that the interview was over.
126.accomplish vt.实行;完成,成功地做完 mission（n.使命, 任务） accomplished
127.finally adv.最后,终于
128.spot n.地点,场所 on the spot 在场,到场
v.认出,发现 He was the first to spot the danger.
Day 4
129.potential adj.可能的,潜在的
n.潜力,潜能
130.professional adj.职业的,专业的
n.专业人员
131.ideal adj.理想的,完美的 n.理想
132.reflect vt.表达,反映 Her sad looks reflected the thoughts passing through her mind.
133.considerable adj.相当大(多)的;相当重要的 a considerable amount of money
134.influence n.影响(力) influence on /upon
vt.影响,对...有作用
135.trace n.(1)踪迹,痕迹 (2)微量;少许 traces of
v.追踪,探索 trace (sth./sb.) back (to sth.)追究,追溯
136.attitude n.态度,意见,看法 attitude to/towards
137.chemical adj.化学的 n.(pl)化学药品;化学产品
work n.网状组织
139.positive adj.(1)确定的,无疑的 (2)积极的,肯定的 positive effect/side 作用(方面) negative 消极的
140.territory n.(1)领土 (2)区域;领域
141.engage v. engage in 从事,忙于 be engaged in 忙于,参加 be engaged to订婚
142.witness n.目击者;证人 v.亲见,目击
143.welfare n.(1)平安;福利 (2)社会安全,社会保障
144.career n.生涯,职业
145. attach v. attach sth to sth 认为有;使与...相关联. be attached to
They attach great importance to quality in women's clothing.
146. profit n. 1 )利益;裨益 2)利润
147. musician n. 精于音乐的人;乐师;音乐家;作曲家
148. purchase v. buy; n. 购买
149. competitive adj. 竞争性的;比赛性的
150. particularly adv. 特别的;显著的 particular about/over 挑剔的;吹毛求疵的
151. assign v. assign sth(to sb/sth)分配;分派(工作.任务等给某人)
assignment 分配;任务;作业
152. response n. 1)回答 2)[C,U]reaction 反应
153. pace n. rate of walking or running 走或跑得速度;(喻)进步的速度
keep pace with 同速前进
154. complaint n. 1) 抱怨 2) 投诉
155. identify v. 认出;认明;鉴定
156. arise vi. 1)发生;出现;呈现 A new difficulty has arisen.
2)arise from产生(result from)
157. victim n. 牺牲者;遇难者;受害者
158. sample n. 标本;样品 vt.取...的样品
159. modify vt. 1)修改;变更 2)减轻;缓和
160. property n. 1)(总称)财产;资产 2)特性;属性;性质; 3)地产
161. structure n. 1)结构;构造 2)建筑物
162. target n. 1)靶子 2)objective 目标
163. belief n. belief(in)相信;信任;信仰 I haven't much belief in his honesty.
Day 5
164. minority n. 少数票;少数(民族,宗教) minority population/students
165. resistant adj. resistant(to)抵抗的;反对的
166. theory n. 1)原理;理论(与practice相对) in theory, in practice 2)学说;论说
167. signal n. 信号;暗号 v.向...发信号;做手势
168. bloom n. 1)in bloom(花草)在开花中 2)青春;茂盛(时期) vi 开花
blooming开花的;旺盛的
169. cheat v. cheat sb(out of sth) cheat sb out of his money骗取某人的钱
cheat in an exam 考试作弊
170. instance n. 例;实例 for instance例如
171. transfer v. 1)transfer (from)(to)迁移;移动;调动;转移 2)换车(船),转学
172. bacteria n. 单数形式为bacterium细菌
173. threaten v. 1)恐吓;威胁 Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.
174. abroad adv. 在国外;到国外;出国 be/go/live/travel abroad
175. audience n. (集合在一起的)听众;观众 (书的)读者
The audience was/were applauding wildly.(集合名词+单数或复数动词)
176. scan v. 匆促地略看;扫视 scanner扫瞄仪
People scan for news they are interested in.
177. corporation n. 1)公司;社团 2)(美)有限责任公司 multinational corporations跨国公司
178. threat n. 1) 恐吓;威胁 2)预示
179. flash n. 1)闪光 lighting v.1)闪烁;2)闪现;掠过 flashlight手电筒,闪光灯
180. gas n. 1)气体 2)煤气 3)(美口)汽油 gasoline
181. promote v. promote(to) 1)晋升;提升 2)促进;增进 3)宣传;推销
182. style n. 1)风格,文体 2)时髦.气派 in style 高雅脱俗
183. grant vt. 1)允许,准许 2)承认 take sth for granted
184. apply v. 1)apply (to sb)(for sth),ask for请求,申请
2)apply (to sth)(使)与...有关系;适用
185. extent n. 1)extent(of)长度;范围 2)degree程度 to a certain/to some extent
在一定（某种）程度上
186. install vt. 1)装设(器械) 2)安置于某处
187. impact n. 1)碰撞;撞击 2)强烈的印象或影响 ～ on
188. function n. 职责;作用;功能 vi. 尽职尽责;其作用;有效用
189. industrial adj.工业的,产业的
190. user n. 使用者
191. propose v. 1）提议；建议 propose a toast/sb's health 2)propose(marriage)(to sb)求婚
192. alter v. 改变；变更；更改；修改 The ship altered course. 改变航程
These clothes are too large; they must be altered.必须加以修改
表示建议的动词或相应名词，其后宾语从句或同位语从句用（should)+动词原形 It was proposed that the matter be discussed at the next meeting.
193. agency n. (1)经销（处），代理（处） (2)through the agency of由于……作用
194. contribute v. (1)捐赠；捐助 （2）有助于，促成 (to) Exercise contributes to better health.锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。
195. educate vt. 教育；训练
196. absent adj. （1）缺席的，不在场的 （2）缺乏的，不存在的 （3）心不在焉的 absent-minded
197. poison n. 毒药 vt 使中毒，毒害
They slowly poison themselves with their waste product.
198. airline n. (1)航线
(2)[pl]航空公司 United Airlines 联合航空公司
199. possibility n. 可能性
Day 6
200. nuclear adj. （1）核能的，核武器的 （2）核心的，中心的 a nuclear family 核心家庭
201. nucleus n. 中心；核心；原子核
202. raw adj. （1）天然状态的，未经加工的the raw materials原料（2）未煮过的
203. extensive adj. （1）广大的，广阔的（2）广泛的，大量的extensive reading in literature对文学作品的广泛阅读extensive knowledge广博的知识
204. military adj. 军事的，军用的 n the military 军队
205. directly adv. （1）直接地；径直地（2）立即，马上
206. deny vt. （1）否认；不承认
deny + n./v- ing, ~ sb sth 拒绝给予 ~ doing 否认做
207. absorb vt. （1）吸收（液体、光热）（知识）
（2）吸引……的注意，使全神贯注 be absorbed in
208. committee n. 委员会
209. complain vi. complain to sb (about/of sth)
They are complaining about the poor airport service.
210. aid n. 援助（金钱、食物、救助）economic/medical aid foreign/international aid
v. aid sb in sth
211. protein n. 蛋白质
212. statement n. 声明，陈述，说法
213. institution n. （1）社会公共机构（银行、医院、大学或监狱）
（2）an important tradition制度；习俗
214. route n. 路线，路程
215. associate v. （在思想上）把……联系在一起
associate sth with sb/sth; be associated with
216. growth n. (1)增长，增加 （2）生长，发展
217. convince vt. 使确信，使信服 convince sb of sth, convince sb (that)
I am convinced of the truth.我深信这件事的真实性。
218. liberate vt. 解放，使获自由
219. cell n. 细胞 nerve cells神经细胞
220. publish v. 公布，发表
221. youngster n. a child or a young person 孩子，青年
222. failure n. 失败；不足，故障 power failure电源故障,program assembly failure程序组装故障
223. faint adj (1)眩晕的 （2）（指察觉到的东西）微弱的，模糊的
224. rob v. (1)rob sb/sth(of sth)抢夺，盗窃 I was robbed of my watch
(2)（非法）剥夺
225. resident n. 居民 adj 居住的，居留的
226. fund n.（pl）专款，基金 vt 为……提供资金
227. appearance n. 外表，外观，容貌，出现in appearance 就外表而言；外表上看起来
228. portable adj. 可携带，手提式，能移动的
229. efficient adj.（1）（指人）有能力的，能胜任的（2）有毅力的
230. preference n.（1）喜爱，偏爱（2）偏爱的物（人）
231. solution n.（1）解决（2）解决办法
232. confidence n.（1）信任（2）信心，自信 to have/lose confidence in sth.
233. treatment n 治疗，疗法，对待，待遇
234. adopt vt. 采纳；采取（意见，风俗等）；采用
235. skilled adj. 熟练的，有技能的 skilled in doing sth.
236. cultivate vt. 培养，陶冶，发展
Day 7
237. respond vi. respond to 做出反应，响应 回答，答复
238. vary v. 不同，改变，使不同，使有变化
You should vary your diet. 变换饮食
239. exit n 出口，通道
240. lest conj 惟恐，免得 lest, for fear that , in case引导的目的状从句语，谓语多用should +v
241．survey n. /vt. (1)调查 (2)全面审视 The buyers surveyed the goods offered for sale.顾客审视着促销的商品。
242．vehicle n.（1）陆上交通工具，车辆 （2）传播媒介，工具
243．constant adj. （1）经常的，不断的
（2）firm; faithful; unchanging 坚定的；忠实的
a constant friend He has been constant in his devotion to studies.
244．speaker n. (1)说话者；演讲者（2）扬声器
245．atmosphere n. 大气；空气；氛围
246．latter adj. the latter (与the former相对)后者
247．reform v.改革，改造
n. the reform and open policy改革开放政策
248. economy n (1)节俭，节省（2）经济制度（情况）
249．primary adj. （1）首要的，基本的，主要的 （2）最初的，初级的
250. differ vi. differ(from)不同；有异 Tastes differ. 趣味人各不同。
251．capable adj. be capable of (1)有能力（2）有可能The situation is capable of improvement.
252．distinct adj. (1)清楚的，明显的 （2）distinct from有区别的，不同的
253．define v.（1）给……下定义，解释（2）规定，界定
The boundary is defined by the