河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题十三复合句课件人教新目标版.pptx

专用,河南,中,考,英,语,2020,第二部分语法专题过关,专题十三 复合句,PART 02,考点帮,考点,1,宾语从句,考点,2,定语从句,考点,3,状语从句,考点帮,主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成,复合句中的主句和从句都有完整的主语和谓语。主句是全句的主体,可独立存在,从句只能作句子的一个成分,不能独立存在。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,语序,宾语从句要用陈述语序,即,连接词,+,主语,+,谓语,+,其他,。陈述句作宾语从句时,应用原陈述语序,;,疑问句作宾语从句时,原来的倒装语序也要改为陈述语序。如,:,She is a good student,the teacher told us.=The teacher told us(that)she was a good student.,老师告诉我们她是一名好学生。,Where does he live?Do you know?=Do you know where he lives?,你知道他住在哪里吗,?,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,易失分点,(1)Whats wrong/the matter(with sb.)?,作宾语从句时,其本身就是陈述语序。如,:,He asked me what was the matter with you.,他问我你怎么了。,(2),当两个或多个由,that,引导的宾语从句由并列连词,and,连接时,除第一个从句中的,that,可省略外,其余从句中的,that,都不可省略。如,:,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,易失分点,He said(that)the book was interesting and that all the children liked reading it.,他说这本书很有趣,并且所有的孩子都喜欢读。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,时态,I dont know when he left last night.,我不知道昨晚他何时离开的。,Tell him when we will start.,告诉他我们将什么时候出发。,Alex said he would go to London.,亚历克斯说他要去伦敦。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,My teacher said that the moon moves round the earth.,我的老师说过月亮围着地球转。,Everyone knows that there are sixty minutes in an hour.,大家都知道一个小时有,60,分钟。,He didnt say where he had been before.,他没有说他之前去过什么地方。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,连接词,连接,词,作用,例句,that,本身无意义,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,可省略,I think(that)its everyones duty to help our Earth.我认为每个人都有责任帮助我们的地球。2018南充中考,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,连接,词,作用,例句,连接代,词：,what,whom,which,whose,who,等,在从句中作一定成分,如:主语、宾语、定语等,He asked me whose coat it was.,他问我这是谁的外套。,Do you know who broke the window?,你知道是谁打碎了窗户吗?,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,连接,词,作用,例句,连接副,词：,when,where,how,why等,在从句中作状语,The scientist explained how the system worked.,这位科学家解释了该系统是如何运作的。,Do you know when the meeting will begin?,你知道会议将在什么时候开始吗?,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,连接,词,作用,例句,if/whether,意为,是否,不作句子成分,但不可省略,I asked if/whether they would win the match.,我问他们能否赢得比赛。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,提分速记,if/whether,都可作宾语从句的连接词,意为,是否,但以下几种情况只能用,whether:,(1),宾语从句在介词之后时。如,:,It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow.,这取决于明天是否会下雨。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,(2),与动词不定式连用时。如,:,Check the prices before you decide whether to buy one.,在你决定是否要买一件物品之前,先查看一下价格。,(3),宾语从句提前,位于句首时。如,:,Whether they can come here on time,we dont know.,他们能否按时来这儿,我们不知道。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,宾语从句的简化,当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词为,remember,know,forget,learn,decide,choose,agree,ask,tell,show,等时,从句可简化为,疑问词,+,动词不定式,结构。如,:,We decided that we would help the old man.=We decided to help the old man.,我们决定帮助这位老人。,She has forgotten how she can open the window.=She has forgotten how to open the window.,她已经忘记了如何才能打开窗户。,考点,1,考点帮,宾语从句,考点,2,考点,3,宾语从句的否定前移,在宾语从句中,当谓语动词是,think,believe,expect,等词时,若要否定宾语从句,一般将主句变成否定句,即,否定前移,。如,:,I think they will lose the match.,我认为他们将会输掉这场比赛。,(,变为否定句,)I dont think they will lose the match.,我认为他们不会输掉这场比赛。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,在复合句中,用来修饰某一名词或代词的起定语作用的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词,(that,which,who,whom,whose),和关系副词,(why,when,where),。,关系代词的用法,关系代词,在从句中的成分,先行词,例句,that,who,作主语、宾语、表语,人,I hate,people,who/that,talk much but do little.,我讨厌说得多做得少的人。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,关系代词,在从句中的成分,先行词,例句,that,which,作主语、宾语、表语,物,This is the,school,which/that,we visited last year.,这就是我们去年参观的那所学校。,whom,作宾语,人,The,man,whom,I saw is called Smith.,我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。,whose,作定语,人、物,Its the,house,whose,door is painted red.,这就是那个门,被,涂成红色的房子。,关系代词的用法,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,关系副词的用法,关系副词,在从句中的成分,先行词,例句,when,作状语,表示时间的名词,I will never forget the,day,when,I went to college.,我永远不会忘记上大学的那一天。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,关系副词,在从句中的成分,先行词,例句,where,作状语,表示地点的名词,This is the,hospital,where,my mother works.,这就是我妈妈工作的医院。,why,作状语,reason,The,reason,why,he was late is that his car went wrong.,他迟到的原因是他的汽车,发生故障,了。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,关系代词的特殊用法,1.,通常用关系代词,that,的情况,:,(1),当先行词是不定代词,something,anything,everything,nothing,little,few,all,some,none,much,等时。如,:,There is nothing that can stop him from doing it.,没有任何事能够阻止他做这件事。,(2),当先行词被,the only,the very,the last,等修饰时。如,:,This is the very necklace(that)you want.,这就是你想要的那条项链。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,关系代词的特殊用法,(3),当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时或先行词本身就是序数词时。如,:,This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.,这是我看过的最好的电影。,(4),当先行词被,all,any,every,each,few,no,等修饰时。如,:,All the presents(that)your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.,生日那天你的朋友们送给你的所有礼物你都应该收好。,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,(5),当定语从句的先行词中既有人又有物时。如,:,They are talking of the designers and their works that interest them.,他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的设计师及他们的作品。,(6),当定语从句的主句是由,who,或,which,引导的疑问句时。如,:,Who is the person that is standing by the window?,站在窗户旁边的那个人是谁,?,关系代词的特殊用法,考点,1,考点帮,定语从句,考点,2,考点,3,2.,关系代词的省略,一般情况下,that,which,whom,在从句中作宾语时可省略,但关系代词,which,whom,在从句中作介词宾语并且介词位于关系代词前时,不可省略。如,:,I remember the day on which I saw you for the first time.,我记得我第一次见你的那一天。,关系代词的特殊用法,考点,1,考点帮,状语从句,考点,2,考点,3,状语从句由从属连词引导,在句中充当状语,按其用途主要分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句等。,1.,状语从句的分类和用法,(,讲解见专题六 连词考点,2),2.,主句和从句时态一致,You can get good grades if you study hard.,如果你努力学习,你就能取得好成绩。,考点,1,考点帮,状语从句,考点,2,考点,3,If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will visit the Great Wall.,如果明天不下雨,我们将去游览长城。,Someone knocked at the door when we were having supper.,当我们正在吃晚饭的时候,有人敲门。,