2019年外研版高一英语词汇复习必修二Module5.doc

词汇复习—必修二 Module 5&6
要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。 一、课程介绍
死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。 知识点
1. 课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死”的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一则名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏”上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,教师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多则名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏”在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取”出来,使文章增色添辉。 重点词汇用法：equal \order \stress \ condition等的用法
2. 重点词组用法：to one’s surprise\in surprise 等的用法
教学重点
1. 各重点词汇及短语用法
教学难点
1.各重点词汇及短语用法
二、要点回顾
1． n. 作曲家
2． n. 音乐家
3． v．指挥
4． v．失去
5． v．巡回演出
6． n. 天赋
7． v. 影响
8． v．录音
9． v. 使混合
10． n.爱好
11. _________ adj. 令人愉快的
12. _________n. 景色
13. ________ adj. 传统的
14. v. 临摹
15. n．现实
16. ________ n．表达→express v．表达
17. v. 收养
18. _________v．破坏
19. 因……而出名
20． 把……变成
21． 有史以来
22． 到……时为止
23． 对……印象深刻
24. 分裂
25. 对……有影响
26. 目的是
27． 遵循传统的中国风格
28． 厌倦了
29． 热爱， 着迷
30. 培养……的兴趣
31. 根据……判断出
32. 推迟
答案：
1． composer 2．musician 3．direct 4. lose 5．tour 6．talent 7．influence 8．record 9．mix 10．like
11. delightful 12. scene 13. traditional 14. imitate 15. reality 16. expression 17. adopt 18. destroy 19. be known for 20．change…into 21．of all time 22．by the time 23．be impressed with 24. split up 25. have an influence on
26. aim to (do) 27．follow the traditional Chinese style 28．be/get tired of 29．be crazy about 30. develop an interest in 31. tell by 32. put off
三、知识精要
1）词汇
equal
v. 相等
importance
n. 重要性
stress
n. 压力
resign
v. 辞职
influential
adj. 有影响的
honest
n. 诚实
justice
n. 正义
contribution
n. 贡献
invent
vt. 发明
argument
n．争论
thriller
n. 恐怖片
character
n. 性格
female
adj. 女性的
graceful
adj. 优雅的
interest
n．兴趣，利益
moving
adj. 令人感动的
occasionally
adv. 偶尔
entertaining
adj. 令人愉快的
2）词组
believe in
信任
bring up
养育
take one’s advice
采纳建议
in some ways
在一些方面
a sense of responsibility
责任感
be proud of
对……感到自豪
in conclusion
总之
for the first time ever
生平第一次
if so
如果是这样的话
at first
起初，一开始
fall in love with sb.
爱上某人
in surprise
惊讶地
care about
关心
tell of
讲述
every now and then
时常
a short space of time
短暂的一段时间
good for you
干得好
have no interest in
对……没有兴趣
四、 要点讲练
【要点1】equal的用法
1. equal adj.相等的；同样的 n. 相等的人或物 vt. 等于；比得上
2. equally adv. 同样地；相等地
3. equality n. 相等；平等；同等
4. be equal to 和……相等；能胜任
5. of equal size/length/importance大小/长度相同/同样重要
【例题】
All human beings are born ________．
A. to equal B. equally C. equal D. equals
【答案】 C
【解析】
be born equal生下来是平等的。
【要点2】order的用法
order n. 秩序；顺序；订购；订单；(点的)饭菜；命令vt. 命令；订购；点菜/饮料等
1. disorder n. 混乱，紊乱，无秩序
2. in order 有秩序；有条理
out of order 紊乱；出故障
in order to do/in order that 以便；为了
place an order for 订购
take one’s order 记下某人的订单
keep order 维持秩序
3. order sb. to do命令/吩咐某人做某事
order that… 命令……(从句用should＋动词原形， should可以省略)
【例题】
-Shall I take your ________ , sir?
-Well, we need to look at the menu for a while.
A．service B．food C．order D．request
【答案】 C
【解析】
根据第二个人说“需要看一会菜单”可知第一句话是服务员询问顾客是否点菜。take one’s order是指“记下某人的订单”，即“点菜”。
【要点3】stress的用法
1. stress　n. 压力；强调；重音vt. 强调；重读
2. stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的
3. stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的
4. lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调
5. be under stress 在压力下
7. relieve/reduce stress 减少压力
6. suffer from stress 遭受压力
8. be stressed out 焦虑不安的
9. stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
【例题】
The importance of education should _______ when the children is at an early age.
A．put B．be put C．stress D．be stressed
【答案】 D
【解析】根据句意可知：在孩子很小时，就应强调当教育的重要性，本题中应使用被动语态。
【要点4】 condition的用法
condition n.状况；条件；环境，条件
on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下
on no condition 无论如何都不；绝不
on condition that 条件是
【例题】
I’ll let you borrow it _________ you lend me your bicycle in return.
A. in condition that B．on condition that C．in no condition D．on no condition
【答案】B
【解析】
根据句意可知：我可以把它借给你，但是相应的条件是你需要把自行车借给我，答案为B。
【知识拓展】
state, situation, condition和position
1. state 表示某事物所显示出的具体状况或状态，是可数名词。如：
Water exists in three states. 水有三种形态。
2. situation表示国家、集体或个人所处的综合的“形势，情况，处境”。如：
international situation 国际形势
in the present situation 在目前形势下
3. condition 表示要做某事需满足的“条件”；某人、某物所处的“(健康)状况”(不可数名词，但有时也加a)；表示工作、学习等的“环境，条件”时多用复数。如：
poor working conditions 恶劣的工作环境
meet/satisfy a condition 满足条件
He’s in excellent condition for a man of his age. 他就其年龄而言，身体极好。
4. position指“位置，职位”。
【要点5】 argue 的 用法
argue　v. 说理， 争辩
argument n．　 辩论，争论；论据，理由，论点
argue with sb. over/about sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for/against　　　 据理力争/反对
argue sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
【例题】
They have _______ the subject of gun control for a period of time.
A. argued about B．argued for C．argued with D．argued to
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意可知：他们已经就控制强制这一话题争论了一段时间了。争论某事为argue about。
“师”之概念，大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。《说文解字》中有注曰：“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义，现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称，隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于《史记》，有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制，老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”，其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词，所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称，虽能从其身上学以“道”，但其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来，“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识，更重于传播知识。
【要点6】surprise的用法
to one’s surprise使某人惊讶的是
much to one’s surprise/to one’s great surprise使某人非常惊讶的是
give sb. a surprise 使某人大吃一惊
get a surprise 大吃一惊
in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地
to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是
【例题】
At first I was not too sure about the answer to the question. However, ________ I worked it out at last with your help.
A．to my joy B．to my disappointment C．in a word D．in other words
【答案】A　
【解析】句意：起初我对问题的答案没把握，然而，令我高兴的是，在你的帮助下，我做出来了。
五、双基达标
1. 词汇练习
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1．Yang was i________ space for twenty-one and a half hours and made 14 orbits of the earth.
2．It is a great moment i________ the history of China—and also the greatest day of my life.
3．When he was orbiting in the capsule，he took photographs o_______ planet earth.
4．When Yang took o_______ from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 a．m. yesterday，China became the third nation to send a man into space.
5．Yang is the 431st person to travel in space，i_______ astronauts from 32 countries.
【答案】in in of off including
2. 翻译句子
①中国首位宇航员杨利伟今天上午乘坐神州 5 号宇宙飞船在内蒙古境内安全着陆，此地位于北京西北部 300 公里处。
________________________________________________________________________
②杨在太空中停留了 21 个半小时，绕地球转飞 14 周。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　①China's first taikonaut Yang Liwei landed safely this morning in the Shenzhou V capsule in Inner Mongolia, 300 kilometers northwest of Beijing.
②. Yang was in space for twenty-one and a half hours and made 14 orbits of the earth.
3. 完型填空
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start
26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind
27. A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
29. A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
31. A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. whispering
32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
35. A. through B. under C. across D. around
答案 ： 16--20 DBCDA 21--25 BACCB 26--30 CBADA 31--35 CBADA
4. 阅读理解
Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？”；《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。 An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？”；《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .
A. delay tasks B. work hard C. seek help D. accept failure
52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict order. B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving out the toughest ideas. D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?
A. Before starting a difficult task. B. When all the solutions fail.
C. If the job is rather boring. D. After finding a way out.
54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .
A. ignore mental problems B. get some nice sleep
C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problem