新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读AB课后题答案.doc

研究生英语复习——课后题答案
A:第一单元：
Vocabulary Study：1.permanent 2.had assembled 3.discharging 4.meekly 5.apprentice 6.partiality 7.obscure 8.exalted 9.intruding 10cordially 11ambition 12.gallantly
CLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB
Translation:
1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.
2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident .
3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.
4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.
5.每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。
Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.
6. 他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。
They have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.

A：第四单元
Vocabulary Study: 1.Physical 2.accumulation 3.diversity 4.precipitated 5.muscular 6.pathological 7.symptomatic 8.vigorous 9.psychologically 10.Anxiety 11.restored 12.refreshed
CLOSE: ACDCB   BCCBD CDCBA   ADCDB
Translation:
1.我发现在办公室坐了一天之后，晚上沿着静静的湖边散散步会令人神清气爽。
I find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment from a day's sedentary job.
2.锻炼和放松自己通常被认为是治疗疲劳症的有效方法。
Exercising and relaxing yourself is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.
3.你的活动量越小，机体老化的过程就越快，你就越容易面临生理和心理方面的种种问题。
The less active you are, the faster this aging process accelerates, and the more vulnerable you become to physical and psychological problems.
4.即使你坚持节食，你也不可能减到你所希望的那种身材的程度。
Even if you keep up dieting, you cannot reduce to the point where you achieve the kind of body-shaping you want.
5.人们认为他有一个幸福的晚年，因为在这期间他除了睡觉、吃饭几乎什么事情都不做。但他却常常感到疲惫和心情压抑。
People thought he had happy late years during which time he did little but slept and ate, yet he was often tired and depressed.
6.过去，人们用搓衣板洗衣服，用手捆干草，很少抱怨疲劳；而如今人们拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施，但却总是抱怨疲劳不堪。
In the past when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard, people seldom complained of tiredness. However, people feel dragged out and complain a lot in the modern time of labor-saving devices and convenient transportation.

A：第五单元
Vocabulary Study: 1.uniform 2.distinguish/recognize 3.ascertained 4.recognized 5.unique 6.outlet 7.tactile 8.rigid 9.secure 10.acquisition 11.fruitful 12.foundation
CLOSE :ADBBA DDCBA   CCADB DCABA
Translation:
1.人们普遍认为孩子在家里的抚养与他们在学校所接受的教育密不可分。
It is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.
2.詹妮弗是《纽约先驱论坛报》（New York Herald Tribune）的人事科长，在这家报纸里她还负责公共关系方面的特约社论工作。
Jennifer is the chief of personnel for the New York Herald Tribune, where she is also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.
3.杰弗两年前在她妹妹的生日聚会上认识了罗斯，从那以后，他们两人一致通过电子邮件联系，杰弗越了解罗斯，他就越喜欢她。
It was two years ago that Jeff met Rose at his sister’s birthday party. They have been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more Jeff knows Rose, the more he likes her.
4.这个措施不仅有效地为下岗工人提供了就业机会，而且还有效地控制了物价上涨。
This new measure is effective not only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but in limiting price increases.
5.同样，他们对这一阴谋的政治和经济背景认识得不够充分。
Similarly/Likewise, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.
6.大规模的货币投资，一方面满足了经济高速增长的需要，另一方面也造成了通货膨胀。
Tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has caused the inflation on the other.

A:第十一单元
Vocabulary Study：1.monarch 2.throne 3.ambassador 4.preceded 5.refined 6.rival 7.functions 8.efficiency 9.inspiration 10.spitting 11.grace 12.preserve
CLOSE：ACDAB DCACB CCADC DBDAD
Translation:
1． 人们主要关心的是如果城市经济不能和国际接轨我国在世界竞争中就会处于被动。
The main concern of the people is that if China’s urban economy can not join international intercourse, our country will be in a disadvantageous situation in the world market.
2． 走私不仅扰乱市场偷逃关税而且还危害到民族工业的生存和发展。
Smuggling operations not only disorder out markets, and evade custom duty, but also harm the survival and development of national industry.
3． 为了促进经济的迅速发展政府正在努力恢复公众对其经济管理的信心。
To promote the rapid development of economy the government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.
4． 由于新的发现为了大多数人民的利益必须放弃这一已经被广泛接受的理论。
This popular theory must be discarded in the light of new findings for the benefit of the majority of the people.
5． 为了保护环境传统的农业方法正在欧洲很多地区越来越多的得到使用。
In order to protect the environment, traditional farming methods are coming into use in many areas in Europe.
6． 由于时间有限又缺乏人力这个公司还没找到适合他们需要的新的场地。
Because of the time limit and the shortage of human resources, the firm has not yet managed to find new premises that are suitable for their purpose.

A:第十三单元
Vocabulary Study:1.circle 2.unsolved 3.watchers 4.self-image 5.counter-measures 6.unconscious 7.rapport 8.flashed 9.dominance 10.disinterest 11.undemonstrative 12.positioned
CLOSE: CDBCC DADAB ABCCB DBDDA
Translation:
1、这么早做计划是没有意义的，到了明年有许多情况会发生变化。
Planning so far ahead makes no sense. So many things will have changed by next year.
2、21世纪人们所面临的一个主要问题是人口的迅速增长对于发展中国家来说这是一个沉重的负担。
The main problem that people are facing the 21st century is that the rapid increase of population is a heavy burden for developing countries.
3、关键问题是对于现代的科技书籍尤其是教科书而言如果作者希望书的内容能跟上时代的步伐就要在每隔一段时间后加以修订。
The key is that in regard to the modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, their authors should revise them at short intervals if they wish to keep pace with the times.
4、1989年以来该公司一直受到指控原因是它为了获得更大的利润试图以市场调查为幌子来销售其产品。
The company has been accused of trying to seel their products under the guise of market research in order to get more profits since 1989.
5、眼泪是一种自然的表达方式因为它能表达许许多多的情感像快乐悲伤孤独害怕宽慰气愤或者绝望，所以它也提供了通往外部世界的健康途径。
Tears are a natural form of expression. As they can convey a multitude of feelings, such as happiness, sadness, loneliness, fear, comfort, anger, or frustration, it provides a healthy outlet for emotions.
6、一方面中国政府已作出了重大努力动员人民因地制宜地开展改善生态环境的工作另一方面还要做出更大的努力来进一步提高人们的环境意识普及环境知识。
On one hand, the Government of China has already made great efforts to mobilize people to improve the ecological environment in the light of local conditions. On the other hand, greater efforts should be made to further raise people’s awareness of the environment and spread knowledge about the environment.

B:第三单元
Ⅰ.Comprehension check ⅰ. 1-5: BCCBD 6-10: DCDAD
Ⅱ. Vocabulary study
ⅰ. 1 outstrip 2 limbo 3 ceased 4 in the wake of 5 paramount 6 ethical 7 prolonged
8 thorny 9 congenital 10 subsequently
ⅱ. 1 euthanasia 2 salvaged 3 deformity 4 defects 5 handicaps 6 lingering
7 grapple 8 allegedly 9 acquitted 10 frontier
Ⅲ Translation
Compared with the depressed, nervous and irritable person, the energetic, optimistic and relaxed one is less likely to catch cold. When the brain is in a happy and relaxed state, it will send signal to each organ helping for keeping healthy. Keeping a healthy mood could effectively reduce the possibilities of catching cold, pneumonia and even cancer. In addition, relaxed and happy people always have better habits of health protection than the pessimistic and nervous ones. They are prone to have enough sleep, do regular exercises and have lower amount of certain nervous hormone in their bodies.

B:第六单元 P115
Ⅰ. Comprehension Check 1-5 DEAAC 6-10 DCDAB
Ⅱ. Vocabulary Study
i 1. outgoing 2.petite 3.emphatically 4.self-possessed 5. quest 6.personable
7. fantasized 8. buy into 9.defer 10.caught up
ii 1.involved 2. committed 3. figure out 4. convinced 5.affluent 6. tied down 7. quest
8. the end of the rainbow 9.therapeutic 10. formulating
III Translation
我赞成这样的理想：人应该各方面都很出色，既要有头脑，也要有健美的体格。我希望能得到某种幸福和快乐。美国是能得到这些东西的最好的地方，因为这里的人和我们的思想来自世界各地。至今到美国来寻梦的仍然大有人在。
现在我明白了，决定美国梦能否实现的不是教育、不是机会、也不是艰苦的工作，而是权势和恐惧感。你在企业里爬到的地位越高，你失去的东西就越多。美国梦并没有破灭。今天在美国十分流行的想法是：千万不能失去梦想。
I agree to this ideal: people should be good in all aspects, It is necessary to have not only the mind, but also magnificent physique. I hope to get some kind of happiness and joy. The United States is the best place to get these things, because the people here and their ideas come from all over the world. So far , here are still many people to seek a dream.
Now I know, It is not education, not opportunities, and not hard work, but power and fear that decide whether the American dream can come to be or not. The higher your position is in enterprise, the more you lose something. The American dream is not the end. The idea is very popular in the United States today: never lose one’s dream.

B:第九单元 P193
I Comprehension Check 1-5 DADCC 6-10 BBACD
II Vocabulary Study
i 1. parlance 2. stringent 3. ascribed 4. symposium 5. copious 6. aversion to 7. warrant 8. manipulated
9. garnered 10.lingered
ii 1. hormones 2. predators 3.elated 4. elicited 5. entail 6. anecdotes 7. controversial 8. legitimize 9. wake 10.dejectedly
III Translation
Mounting evidence shows that animals also have emotions. Because feelings are intangible and tough to study scientifically, it is hard for scientists to bear out the possiblity of complex animal feelings that entail mental processing. But some scientists believe there are similarities in the brain anatomy and chemistry of humans and animals. For example, scientists studying the biology of emotions have found that emotions seem to arise from parts of the brain located below the cortex, the regions that have been conserved across many species throughout evolution; behavioral neuroscientists have found in the experiments that rats’ brains release copious amounts of dopamine associated with pleasure and exitement. All these show that some creatures have true feelings at least.

B：第十二单元
I Comprehension Check 1-5 DBDBB 6-10 DDACB
II Vocabulary Study
i plication 2.individual 3.informational 4.absorption 5.intrusion
6.inherited 7.precedence 8.context 9.ascending 10.radical
ii 1-10 ADBDC ACBDC
III. Translation
The world is marching towards a new era—the era of the knowledge economy.The development of advanced technology and rapid industrialization will be key factors in determining a country’s future success.Chinese media often focus on the nation’s level of technological advancement,thus arousing unusually widespread interest among the Chinese.But there is a gap between the media’s ideological emphasis and reality.The transition from an industrial and manufacturing economy to an advanced technology economy or knowledge economy,poses many difficulties.