轮机英语.pptx
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1、China Maritime Police AcademyLesson ThreeDiesel Engine Construction China Maritime Police Academy3.1 New words and expressions1bedplaten.机座2framen.机架A-shapedframeA字形机架entablature机架,支架3boltn.螺栓boltsandnuts螺栓和螺母v.Thebedplateisboltedtotheseating.机座(被)用螺栓固定在底座上。4seatingn.底座Theseatingformsapartofthedoubl
2、ebottomoftheship.底座形成船舶双层底的一部分。5linern.内衬,衬套cylinderliner缸套,缸衬China Maritime Police Academy6side-chockboltn.侧楔垫螺栓end-chockbolt端楔垫螺栓7bearingn.轴承bearingcap轴承帽,轴承盖mainbearing主轴承8crossheadn.十字头crossgirder十字横梁crossheadbearing十字头轴承9studn.双头螺栓10thrustblockn.推力块thrustbearing推力轴承thruster推力器China Maritime Pol
3、ice Academy11camshaftn.凸轮轴12casingn.箱子,外壳thechaindrivecasing链驱动箱thecastironcasing铸铁箱thepumpcasing泵壳13jacket外套cylinderjacket气缸套14flangen.法兰,凸缘,飞边verticalflanges垂直法兰15grooven.沟,槽pistonringandgroove活塞环和环槽slotn.槽16indicatorcock示功旋塞,也叫示功考克China Maritime Police Academy17.dowelpinn.定位销18.narrowa.窄的broada.宽
4、的widea.宽广的19.distributorn.分配器anoildistributorring布油环20.rounda.圆的v.弄圆beroundedontheexternaltop外部顶端成圆角21.annulara.环形的toformanannularspace形成一个环形空间22.assemblyn.组件assemblev.组装reassemblev.重新组装disassemblev.拆开,分解China Maritime Police Aponentn.成分,组成,部件=part24.horizontallyadv.水平地verticallyadv.垂直地25.ductn.粗而短的
5、管子,比较pipe管道,tube试管andhose软管26.shimn.垫片shimsofdifferentthicknesses不同厚度的垫片27.clearancen.间隙toadjusttheclearance调整间隙China Maritime Police Academy28.channeln.通道=passage,频道,狭长的水道theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡29.carrierringn.承磨环30.built-ina.内装的,机内的,固定的31.tap-boltn.锥体螺栓32.whitemetal白合金33.telescopicpipe伸缩管,拉管34.fitt
6、edboltn.紧配螺栓China Maritime Police Academy35extendv.Thecaptainextendedour4thengineersholidaybytwodays.船长把三管轮的假期延长了两天。Thecylinderlinersareextendedsomewhatdownintheframe.缸套稍稍向下延伸进入机架。36.securev.Thebedplateandframesaresecuredtogetherbylongtierods.机座和机架由长贯穿螺栓紧固在一起。37.mountv.Theframesaremountedonandbolted
7、tothebedplate.机架被安装并用螺栓固定在机座上。38.exposev.Somemachinepartsareexposedtohightemperature.一些机器部件暴露于高温中。China Maritime Police Academy39.screwn.ascrewdriverv.bescrewedintotheplate被旋入机座中40.castironn.caststeel铸钢41.machine-turneda.amachine-turnedslot机加工的槽42.heat-resistanta.aspecialheat-resistantsteel特殊耐热钢Chin
8、a Maritime Police Academy43.pistonskirt活塞裙pistoncrownorpistonhead活塞头pistonrod活塞杆44.machine-turnedrecesses机加工的凹槽45.narrowringshavingdiagonalcuts带有斜切口的窄环46.broadringswithoverlappingendjoints带有重叠搭口的宽环47.duringtherunning-inperiod在磨合期间China Maritime Police Academy48.thermalstress热应力49.todirectthecoolingl
9、iquidflow引导冷却液流50.tointensifytheconventionalcocktailshakereffect加强,加剧常规的“鸡尾振荡”效应51.theoutsidediameterofthepipe管子的外径55.toensurethecorrectassemblyofthecomponents确保各部件的正确组装China Maritime Police Academy56.crossheadshoes十字头滑块crossheadguides十字头导板guideshoes导板滑块57.bewhitemetallined表面浇有白合金58.bedistributedeve
10、nly均匀分布59.theforcedlubricatingsystem强力润滑系统60.articulatedpipes伸缩管telescopicpipes伸缩管China Maritime Police Academy61.theslottedpipes开槽的管子62.sightglass观察镜63.pistonrodstuffingbox活塞杆填料箱64.sealingringsandscraperrings密封环和刮油环65.coilsprings弹簧圈,卡簧China Maritime Police Academy66.crankpinbearings曲柄销轴承pressionshi
11、ms压缩片,调整片68.lubricationgrooves滑油槽69.thebearingclearances轴承间隙70.theforce-feedlubricationsystem强力润滑系统China Maritime Police AcademyBedplate(机座机座)and Frame(机架机架)Thebedplate,which in most cases is of the welded design,is bolted to the seatingwhich forms part of the double bottom of the ship.在大多数情况下机座是焊接结
12、构,用螺栓固定在构成船舶双层底的底座上。3.2 Text Diesel Engine ConstructionChina Maritime Police AcademyCylinder blockA-Frame(Entablature)BedplateTie rodSeatingCylindercoverChina Maritime Police AcademyIt is secured(固固定定)in the transverse(横横向向的的)direction by means of bolts known as side-chock bolts(侧侧楔楔螺螺栓栓)and in long
13、itudinal(纵纵 向向 的的)direction by means of end-chock bolt(端楔螺栓端楔螺栓).它它在在横横向向借借助助于于侧侧楔楔垫垫螺螺栓栓,在在纵纵向向借借助于端楔垫螺栓固定助于端楔垫螺栓固定。China Maritime Police AcademyThecrankshaftrests(放放置置、坐坐落落)inbearingbuilt into cross girders(横梁横梁)of the bedplate.曲轴安放在机座横梁的轴承上。China Maritime Police AcademyBearingCross girderHousingC
14、hina Maritime Police AcademyThese bearings,known as main bearings,each consist of two shells(轴轴 瓦瓦)which are supported in housings(轴轴承承座座)machined in the bedplate and secured by means of studs(双双头头螺螺栓栓)and bearing caps(轴轴承盖承盖).这些轴承称作主轴承。每个轴承由两块轴瓦组成,两块轴瓦由在机座上加工出的瓦座支撑,用双头螺栓和轴承盖固定,China Maritime Police
15、 AcademyThe thrust block or thrust bearing(推推力力轴轴承承),located at the aft end of the engine,may be integral with,or separate from,the bedplate.即推力轴承位于发动机的尾部,可同机座制成一体,也可同机座分开。China Maritime Police Academy*On the flat(平平的的)upper surface of the bedplateare arrangeda number of A-shaped frames or entablatu
16、res(机机架架)which may be manufactured of cast iron or fabricated steel(锻锻钢钢).The frames are mounted on and bolted to the bedplate cross girders.在在机机座座上上平平面面装装有有若若干干铸铸铁铁或或锻锻钢钢制制成成的的A形形机机架架,机机架架安安装装在在机机座座的的横横梁梁上上,并并用用螺螺栓栓固固定。定。China Maritime Police AcademyAt the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast
17、 iron frame called the scavenging air box,A形机架顶部有一个结实的框架结构叫扫气箱。形机架顶部有一个结实的框架结构叫扫气箱。China Maritime Police Academywhich is built of a number of sections provided with vertical flanges(法法兰兰)enabling them to be bolted together to form a block for 1-3 cylinders in front of the chain transmission,and a bl
18、ock with 4-6 cylinders aft of the chain transmission.该该扫扫气气箱箱分分若若干干段段,每每段段均均带带有有垂垂直直法法兰兰,通通过过螺螺栓栓可可将将它它们们在在链链传传动动装装置置前前1 13 3缸缸的的部部分分连连成成一一体体,链链传动装置后传动装置后4 4缸缸6 6缸的部分连成一体。缸的部分连成一体。China Maritime Police AcademyThe chain transmission,forming the connection between the crankshaft and the camshaft,is en
19、closed in a cast iron casing known as the chain drive casing.链链传传动动装装置置将将曲曲轴轴和和凸凸轮轮轴轴连连在在一一起起,封封闭闭在链传动箱的壳体内。在链传动箱的壳体内。China Maritime Police AcademyCylinders and Covers气缸和气缸盖气缸和气缸盖 On top of scavenging air box is mounted a strong cast iron frame for each cylinder.在在扫扫气气箱箱上上部部,每每个个气气缸缸装装有有一一个个坚坚固固的铸铁框
20、架。的铸铁框架。China Maritime Police AcademyThese frames are known as cylinder blocks or cooling jackets,which are provided with vertical flanges enabling them to be bolted together in the foremost and aftmost groups in the same way as the scavenging air boxes.这这些些框框架架称称作作气气缸缸体体或或冷冷却却水水套套,并并带带有有垂垂直直法法兰兰,与与
21、扫扫气气箱箱一一样样,可可用用螺螺栓栓将将各各框框架架连成首尾一组。连成首尾一组。China Maritime Police AcademyThe bedplate,frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods to achieve a greater rigid constructionwithless deformationin service and lower vibration.机机座座、机机架架和和气气缸缸体体用用长长贯贯穿穿螺螺栓栓连连到到一一起起,形形成成一一个个较较大大的的坚坚实实结结构构,减
22、减少少了了使使用用时时产产生生的变形及振动。的变形及振动。China Maritime Police AcademyThe cylinder liners are made of alloyed cast iron and the cylinder surfaces are sometimes chromium-plated(镀铬镀铬).气缸套由铸铁制造,缸套表面有时镀铬。气缸套由铸铁制造,缸套表面有时镀铬。China Maritime Police AcademyThe cylinder liners are extend somewhat down in the scavenging ai
23、r box,and sealing between the liner and the top of the scavenging air box is achieved by the rubber rings fitted into the slots machine-turned(机加工的机加工的)in the liners.气气缸缸套套有有些些向向下下延延伸伸到到扫扫气气箱箱。缸缸套套与与扫扫气气箱箱顶顶部部的的密密封封由由橡橡胶胶圈圈实实现现,橡橡胶胶圈圈安安装装在在缸套上切削的环槽内。缸套上切削的环槽内。China Maritime Police AcademyIn the part
24、 of the cylinder liner inside the scavenging air box there is a series of openings known as scavenging air ports.在在气气缸缸套套伸伸入入扫扫气气箱箱内内的的部部位位有有一一系系列列开开口口就是所谓的扫气口。就是所谓的扫气口。China Maritime Police AcademyThese ports are located at such a height that they are just exposed by the upper edge of the piston wh
25、en the piston is in the bottom dead-center position.气气口口的的高高度度是是这这样样布布置置的的,当当活活塞塞位位于于下下止止点时,活塞上缘刚好打开气口。点时,活塞上缘刚好打开气口。China Maritime Police AcademyThe ports are drilled in the liners at an angle of approx.20,the result being that the scavenging air is given a rotary movement.气气口口在在缸缸套套上上以以大大约约20。的的倾倾
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