必修五过去分词作状语.pptx

过去分词作状语ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial必修五第三单元语法2018.10.91.Ilikereadingthenovels_(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl_(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFillintheblanks.4.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse_(paint)white.5.Hewas_(excite)atthegoodnews.paintedexcited_ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.(安徽安徽2013)A.To found B.Founding C.Founded D.Having foundedFounded in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring chilrens love of art.found(v.):to buildAfter the school was founded in the early 20th century,过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。过去分词过去分词(past participles)或过去分或过去分词短语词短语(past participial phrases)作状作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子，可表语修饰谓语动词或整个句子，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，它的逻辑主语通常或伴随情况等，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词所表示就是句子的主语，过去分词所表示的动作与主语之间是动宾关系，即的动作与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。被动关系。When it is seen in a distance,our school looks quite beautiful.Seen in a distance,our school looks quite beautiful.Xinghe Middle School1.时间Because he was brought up in the countryside,he is interested in biology.Brought up in the countryside,he is interested in biology.country2.原因相当于相当于as,since,because引导的从句引导的从句,这这类状语多放在句子前半部分。类状语多放在句子前半部分。Because it is sung by many people,the song Little Apple is quite popular now._,the song Little Apple.Sung by many people2.原因If I am given another chance,I will tell the girl I love her.Given another chance,I will tell the girl I love her.Give me a chance!3.条件假设相当于if,unless引导的从句If it is heated into a high temperature,water will change into vapor._,water will change into vapor.Heated into a high temperature3.条件watervaporAlthough my mother was persuaded to buy an iphone 6,she still doesnt know how to use it.Persuaded to buy an iphone 6,my mother still doesnt know how to use it.iphone4.让步4.让步让步相当于相当于though,although引导的从句。引导的从句。Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.Though/Although he was laughed at by many people,Jerry came into the room and he was followed by Tom.Jerry came into to room,followed by Tom.TomJerry5.方式，伴随注意过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语必须保注意过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语必须保持一致，持一致，否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构称为独立主格结构。请体会下列例请体会下列例句：句：1)当被问及为什么会迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。(1)Asked why she was late,her face went red.(2)Asked why she was late,she went red in the face.2)小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩处。(1)If caught,the police will punish the thief.(2)If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.When she was asked why she was late,When the thief was caught,Our homework done,we went home.Too much time given,he would do it better._from the hill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.如果句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是主动关系如果句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是主动关系,用用_，句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是被动关系，句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是被动关系，用用_。现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词重难点辨析（一）：主语一致重难点辨析（一）：主语一致_ from the hill,you will find thecitylookslikeabiggarden.SeenSeeing1.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.2.A.SeeingB.Seen2.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenWhen_Londonatnight,youreabitlikeinadream.When_atnight,youmakesurethevisitorisreallyyourfriend.visitingvisited难点一难点一独立成分作状语不用考虑主动被动独立成分作状语不用考虑主动被动 有些分词作状语，其形式的选择有些分词作状语，其形式的选择 不不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。_ by the score,this group ranked first.(从从判断）判断）类似的独立成分还有：类似的独立成分还有：generally speaking,frankly speaking,judging from/by,considering/taking into consideration,to tell you the truth,seeing,supposing,assuming等等。等等。Judging Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.Surprisedatwhathadhappened,Tomdidntknowwhattodo.1，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。时不表被动而表主语的状态。lost(迷路迷路);seated(坐坐);hidden(躲躲);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于沉溺于);born(出身于出身于);dressedin(穿着穿着);2，由某些动词后面加，由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具转化来的形容词也具有此用法。有此用法。如：如：frightened,satisfied,tired,disappointed等。等。难点（二）：不表被动的特殊情况难点（二）：不表被动的特殊情况重难点辨析（三）：重难点辨析（三）：过去分词过去分词(done)和现在分词完成被动式和现在分词完成被动式(having been done)的区别的区别1.Havingfinishedthehomework,Tomwentouttoplay.2.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.现在分词的完成被动式更强调分词动作明现在分词的完成被动式更强调分词动作明显显先于先于谓语动作完成。谓语动作完成。分词做状语记忆口诀分词做状语记忆口诀分词做状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用-ed.having(been)done 表先后，千万要牢记。1._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If_thesametreatmentagain,hessuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven3._in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.FoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.BeingfoundedD.FoundingPracticemakesperfect4._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared5._time,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given6._inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed7.Unless_tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited8._moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.(2010)._fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.A.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Tosee(2010)._atmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked