艾米莉·狄金森.ppt

EmilyDickinson1.ThisIsMyLetterToTheWorldThisismylettertotheWorldThatneverwrotetoMeThesimpleNewsthatNaturetoldWithtenderMajestyHerMessageiscommittedToHandsIcannotseeForloveofHerSweetcountrymenJudgetenderlyofMe2.这是我给世界的信这是我给世界的信因为它从来不写信给我那是温柔崇高的存在自然在把简单的信息诉说她的信是交付给一双我无法看见的手因为她的爱亲切的同乡请温柔地评判我3.OnPoetryPoetryshouldbepowerfulandtouching.The inspiration of the poet came fromhis inner world or intensity of hisemotionsandthepastliterarytraditions.Poetry should express ideas throughconcreteimages.Itwasthepoetsdutytoexpressabstractideasthroughvividandfreshimagery.She was against the restriction of thetraditionaldoctrinesandarguedforthedepictionofonesinnerworld.4.StyleA:Herpoemshavenotitles,hencethefirstlineofeachpoemisalwaysquotedasthetitleofeachpoem.B:particularstresspattern:dash“”C:Capitallettersasameansofemphasis;D:Language:brief,direct,andplain;E:Poem:short,always on original images orsymbolsF:Conventional meters,iambic tetrameter,off-rhymes.G:Shortpoeticlines,condensedbyusingintensemetaphorsandbyextensiveuseofellipsis.5.H:Regularmeterhymnmeterandballadmeter,alsoknownasCommonmeterQuatrainsAlternatingtetrameterandtrimeterOften 1st and 3rd lines rhyme,2nd and 4th linesrhymeiniambicpentameterVisual and audible effects,great imagination,sincereemotions.I:Herpoemstendtobepersonalandmeditative(e.g.“BecauseIcouldnotstopforDeath”).6.ThemesDickinsonoftenbroughtdazzlingoriginalitytooverwroughttopics.LifeLoveNatureTimeandEternityDeathandMourningReligionandFaithIsolationandDepressionPoetryandLanguage7.要造就一片草原，只需一株苜蓿一只蜂一株苜蓿，一只蜂再加上白日梦有白日梦也就够了如果找不到蜂8.TomakeaprairieShebeginsbyclaimingthattomakeaphysicallylargeitem,“aprairie,”alloneneedsistwosmallphysicalitems,“acloverandonebee.”Thenshequalifiesthatbysaying,“Oneclover,andabee/Andrevery”;thenshequalifiesthatclaimfurther,bysayingifyoudonthaveoneofthosephysicalcomponents,“bees,”(andbyimplication,thecloveraswell),thenyoucanstillmaketheprairiebyreveryalone.9.“Revery”meansdream,thought,extendedconcentrationonanysubject,orevenday-dreamingwhereinthemindisallowedtoroamfreeoverthelandscapeofunlimitedexpansion,buttothespeakerinthispoem,“revery”ismorelikemeditationwhichresultsinatruevision.Thespeakerspowerofreverydemonstratesanadvancedachievement,farbeyondordinaryday-dreaming.thisspeakerisclaimingthatwithoutanyphysicalobjectsatall,themindofoneadvancedintheartofreverycanproduceanyobjectthatminddesires.10.Success is counted sweetest1.Onlythosewhodesiresuccessmostcantellhowsweetitis;andpeoplewhoeasilyobtainsuccesscanhardlyrealizewhatitreallymeans.2.Eventhoughtheold-timefighterscouldnottastethesweetnessofvictoryinalltheirlife,theyarethosewhoknowwhatsuccessreallyis.Comparedwiththepresenteasysuccesswinners,theydeservemorerespect.11.3.Inconsiderationofthepoetslifeexperienceandhertemperament,hereinthispoemshemayimplyherdeterminationtopursueorquestheridealeventhoughhervaluewasnotrecognizedathertime.Thatistosay,shefirmlybelievesthatevenshewasregardedasaloserathertime(fewpoemswerepublishedinherlife),sheherselfclearlyknowswhereshestands.4.Inabroadersense,thelittlepoemcanserveasapieceofencouragementforthosewhoarestrugglingforandpursuingtheirdreamsandideals-ifwhatyouarefightingforismeaningful,dontgiveup,nomatterwhattheresultis.Theeasysuccessisnotsosweet.12.ImNobody!Im Nobody!Who are you?Are you-Nobody-too?Then theres a pair of us!Dont tell!theyd banish us-you know!我是无名之辈，你是谁？你,也是,无名之辈？这就有了我们一对！可是别声张！你知道，他们会大肆张扬！13.ImNobody!How dreary-to be-Somebody!How public-like a Frog-To tell your name-the livelong June To an admiring Bog!做个，显要人物，好不无聊！像个青蛙，向仰慕的泥沼在整个六月，把个人的姓名聒噪何等招摇！（江枫译）14.1.Who are the“they”in line 4?The“admiring bog”in line 8?2.Do you prefer solitude to public life?Give your reasons.Questions15.Metaphor/SimileMetaphor:Acomparison.Example:“Afrogisacelebrity.”Simile:Acomparisonusinglikeoras.Example:“Howpubliclikeafrog”16.我是无名之我是无名之辈辈，我是无名之辈，你是谁？你也是无名之辈？那么，咱俩是一对且莫声张！你懂嘛，他们容不得咱俩。做个名人多无聊！象青蛙到处招摇向一洼仰慕的泥塘把自己的大名整天宣扬！）（汪义群译孙梁校；英美名诗一百首，北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1987）Translation 17.我是无名之辈!你是谁?我是无名之辈!你是谁?你也是无名之辈吗?那么我们为一对!别说!他们会传开去-你知道!多无聊-是-某某名人!多招摇-象个青蛙-告诉你的名字-漫长的六月-给一片赞赏的沼泽!18.CommentaryThispoemishermostfamousandmostplayfuldefenseofthekindofspiritualprivacyshefavored,implyingthattobeaNobodyisaluxuryincomprehensibletothedrearySomebodiesfortheyaretoobusykeepingtheirnamesincirculation,croakinglikefrogsinaswampinthesummertime.19.Comparison:Whitman vs.DickinsonSimilarities:Thematically,theybothextolled,intheirdifferentways,anemergentAmerica,itsexpansion,itsindividualismanditsAmericanness,theirpoetrybeingpartof“AmericanRenaissance”.Technically,theybothaddedtotheliteraryindependenceofthenewnationbybreakingfreeoftheconventionoftheiambicpentameterandexhibitingafreedominformunknownbefore:theywerepioneersinAmericanpoetry.20.differences:Whitmanseemstokeephiseyeonsocietyatlarge;Dickinsonexplorestheinnerlifeoftheindividual.Whitmanis“national”inhisoutlook,Dickinsonis“regional”.Dickinsonhasthedirect,simplestylewhichWhitmandoesnthave.21.Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson Whitman,in his poems,he expressed his strong love toward his country,his nation and his people,and he showed great optimism and confidence towards the future of America.22.Because Emily Dickinson withdraw herself from the society and lived like a hermit,any political and social things did not influence her.she just focused her attention on the inner world.Her themes ranged from love,death,religion,nature,immortality,pain and beauty,especially about the exploration of death.She was a pessimistic writer.23.I Died For Beauty But Was ScarceIdiedforbeautybutwasscarceAdjustedinthetomb,WhenonewhodiedfortruthwaslainInanadjoiningroom.HequestionedsoftlywhyIfailed?Forbeauty,Ireplied.AndIfortruth,thetwoareone;Webrethrenare,hesaid.Andso,askinsmenmetanight,Wetalkedbetweentherooms,Untilthemosshadreachedourlips,Andcoveredupournames.24.Thespeaker:diedforBeautyamanlaidinatombnexttoher:diedforTruth.Whenthetwosoftlytoldeachotherwhytheydied,themandeclaredthatTruthandBeautyarethesamesoheandthespeakerwereBrethren.andtalkedasKinsmenbetweentheirtombsuntilthemossreachedtheirlipsandcoveredupthenamesontheirtombstones.25.bizarre,allegoricaldeathfantasyitsmannerofpresentationbelongsuniquelytoDickinson.BeautyisTruth,TruthBeauty -Keats,Ode on a Grecian Urnthemacabrephysicalityofdeath,thehighidealismofmartyrdom(IdiedforBeauty.OnewhodiedforTruth)acertainkindofromanticyearningcombinedwithlongingforPlatoniccompanionship(Andso,asKinsmen,metaNight-),andanoptimismabouttheafterlife(itwouldbenicetohaveafriend)withterroraboutthefactofdeath(itwouldbehorribletolieinthecemeteryhavingaconversationthroughthewallsofatomb).26.Asthepoemprogresses,thehighidealismandyearningforcompanionshipgraduallygivewaytomute,colddeath,asthemosscreepsupthespeakerscorpseandherheadstone,obliteratingbothhercapacitytospeak(coveringherlips)andheridentity(coveringhername).Theultimateeffectofthispoemistoshowthateveryaspectofhumanlife-ideals,humanfeelings,identityitself-iserasedbydeath.Butbymakingtheerasuregradual-somethingtobeadjustedtointhetomb-andbyportrayingaspeakerwhoisuntroubledbyherowngrimstate,Dickinsoncreatesascenethatis,byturns,grotesqueandcompelling,frighteningandcomforting.27.PoeticformsThispoemfollowsmanyofDickinsonstypicalformalpatterns:-theABCBrhymescheme,therhythmicuseofthedashtointerrupttheflow-buthasamoreregularmeterthefirstandthirdlinesineachstanzaareiambictetrameter,whilethesecondandfourthlinesareiambictrimeter,creatingafour-three-four-threestresspatternineachstanza.28.殉美/我为美死去我为美死去，但是还不曾安息在我的墓里，又有个为真理而死去的人来躺在我的隔壁。他悄悄地问我为何以身殉？“为了美，”我说。“而我为真理，两者不分家；我们是兄弟两个。”于是象亲戚在夜间相遇，我们便隔墙谈天，直到青苔爬到了唇际，将我们的名字遮掩。29.我为美而死我为美死去，却还不曾在墓中安息，又来一位为真理而死的人栖身我的隔壁。他悄言问我何以逝去“为了美。”我回答。“而我为真理。真与美是一体；我们是兄弟。”就这样，像亲人在夜里相遇我们隔墙倾谈直到苍苔爬至我们的唇际掩没掉，我们的名字译/青裳30.